C-HBrO-GGT
C-HBrO-GGT is a dual-target fluorescent indicator with specificity for γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) and hypobromous acid (HBrO). C-HBrO-GGT acts as a substrate for GGT and HBrO, undergoing enzymatic or chemical modification to trigger channel-specific fluorescence, with sequential activation requiring initial GGT hydrolysis. C-HBrO-GGT enables simultaneous in vitro and in vivo fluorescence detection of GGT and HBrO. C-HBrO-GGT identifies mature atherosclerotic plaque positions and provides early warning of plaque formation before visual or classical immunofluorescent detection. C-HBrO-GGT can be used for the research of atherosclerosis (Ex/Em = 370 nm/500 nm).
Nur für Forschungszwecke. Wir verkaufen nicht an Patienten.
- Formel: C22H19F3N2O5S
- Molecular Weight:480.46
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Speicherung:
Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.
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Guidelines (The following are our recommended protocols; this is a guideline and should be modified according to your specific needs).
1. Stock Solution Preparation
1.1 Solvent: For most dyes, organic solvents such as anhydrous DMSO are typically used for dissolution.
1.2 Concentration Recommendation: Generally, a high concentration of 1-10 mM stock solution is recommended.
1.3 Storage Conditions: Store at -20 ℃ or -80 ℃ protected from light and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
2. Working Solution Preparation
2.1 Diluent: Serum-free culture medium or PBS is typically used. Proteins and esterases in serum may interfere with staining or cause dye hydrolysis.
2.2 Working Concentration: 1-10 μM
Note: Please adjust the dye working solution concentration according to your actual situation and prepare fresh before use.
3. Cell Staining
3.1 Culture cells on sterile coverslips.
3.2 Remove the coverslips from the culture medium and aspirate excess medium.
3.3 Add working solution, gently shake to completely cover the cells, and incubate at 37 ℃ for 30 min.
3.4 Aspirate the dye working solution, wash 2-3 times with culture medium, 5 minutes each time, and observe using a fluorescence microscope or flow cytometry.
Note: If flow cytometry is required, the cells should be resuspended with trypsin before staining.
C-HBrO-GGT reacts sequentially with GGT and HBrO in order[1].
C-HBrO-GGT (10 μM; 30 min) exhibits high sensitivity and good affinity for GGT in vitro, enabling quantitative detection of GGT activity with a detection limit of 0.076 U/L[1].
C-HBrO-GGT (10 μM) activated by GCT exhibits high sensitivity for HBrO in vitro, enabling quantitative detection of HBrO concentrations with a linear response across 0-12 μM[1].
C-HBrO-GGT shows high selectivity for GGT and HBrO under physiological conditions, with optimal response to GGT at pH 7-9[1].
C-HBrO-GGT (10 μM; 30 min) detects significantly elevated GGT activity and HBrO concentrations in ox-LDL (HY-NP013)-induced RAW 264.7 foam cells compared to untreated RAW 264.7 cells[1].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
a. Take 10 mM stock solution (dissolved in DMSO) and dilute to 1 mM working solution with sterile PBS.
b. Sterilize the solution through a 0.2 μm filter. Use immediately or in single-use aliquots and store at -20 °C, avoiding freeze-thaw cycles and exposure to sunlight.
c. Administer working solution intravenously at the concentration of 0.1 mM.
Note: Kinetic studies should be performed for each animal model to determine peak signal time.
C-HBrO-GGT (100 μM per 25g mouse; i.v.) enables in vivo and ex vivo fluorescence detection of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) and hypobromous acid (HBrO) in atherosclerotic mouse aortas, with enhanced signal in ApoE-/- mice on a high-fat diet that exhibit increased atherosclerotic plaque burden[1].
C-HBrO-GGT (i.v.) enables in situ, selective two-channel fluorescence detection of elevated GGT activity and HBrO levels at atherosclerotic plaques in ApoE-/-/HF mice, with fluorescence intensities significantly higher than those in control C57BL/6 J mice[1].
C-HBrO-GGT (i.v.) detects elevated GGT activity and HBrO levels in the aortas of ApoE-/- mice with early atherosclerosis, showing a more dramatic increase in fluorescence intensity at 8 weeks than the conventional early atherosclerosis biomarker CD40, demonstrating utility for early prediction of atherosclerotic plaque formation[1].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Animal Model:ApoE-/- (male, 4 weeks of age, high-fat diet induced atherosclerosis); C57BL/6J (male, 4 weeks of age, normal diet or high-fat diet)[1]
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Dosage:100 μM per 25g mouse; 100 μL
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Administration:i.v.
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Result:Enabled fluorescence imaging of mouse aortas via an IVIS Lumina III system with excitation at 420 nm and emission at 540 nm.
Enabled fluorescence imaging of frozen aortic sections via a Leica TCS SP8 confocal microscope with two channels: GGT channel (excitation 405 nm, emission 400-500 nm) and HBrO channel (excitation 405 nm, emission 550-700 nm).
Showed elevated aortic fluorescence signal in ApoE-/- mice on a high-fat diet compared to C57BL/6J control mice, correlating with increased atherosclerotic plaque burden and GGT activity in vascular tissue.
Chemical Information
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Molecular Weight 480.46
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Formel C22H19F3N2O5S
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SMILES
CSC1=CC=CC=C1C2=C3OC(C=C(C3=CC=C2NC(CCC(C(O)=O)N)=O)C(F)(F)F)=O
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Versand
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Speicherung
Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.
Reinheit & Dokumentation
Verweise
Calculators
Konzentration (Stammlösung) × Volumen (Stammlösung) = Konzentration (Ziellösung) × Volumen (Ziellösung)
C-HBrO-GGT Related Classifications
HY-D3170 Related Classifications
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