Atherosclerosis

Cholesterol (from animal) is the major sterol in mammals. It is making up 20-25% of structural component of the plasma membrane. Plasma membranes are highly permeable to water but relatively impermeable to ions and protons. Cholesterol (from animal) plays an important role in determining the fluidity and permeability characteristics of the membrane as well as the function of both the transporters and signaling proteins. Cholesterol (from animal) is also an endogenous estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) agonist.

PX-478 is a multifunctional HIF-1α inhibitor with properties including radiosensitization, autophagy activation, and lipid accumulation inhibition. PX-478 also blocks hypoxia-induced VEGF production and regulates β-cell phenotypes under hypoxic conditions. PX-478 induces cell cycle arrest and DNA damage, restores autophagic function, reduces foam cell formation, and maintains glucose homeostasis. PX-478 is widely used in research on related diseases such as human tumors (e.g., prostate cancer), type 2 diabetes, and atherosclerosis.

Cholesterol Water Soluble is a major sterol in mammals, constituting 20-25% of the structural composition of the plasma membrane. The plasma membrane is highly permeable to water but relatively impermeable to ions and protons. Cholesterol Water Soluble plays an important role in determining the fluidity and permeability characteristics of membranes and the function of transporters and signaling proteins. Cholesterol Water Soluble is also an endogenous estrogen-related receptor alpha (ERRα) agonist. Cholesterol Water Soluble can be used to study the effects of cholesterol on potassium currents in inner hair cells.
(Note: This product is a mixture of Cholesterol and Methyl-β-cyclodextrin. The product specifications below only indicate the effective content of Cholesterol.)

Poloxamer 407 (F127) is a nonionic surfactant that is 100% active and relatively non-toxic to cells at low concentrations, and frequently used with dye AM esters such as Indo-1 AM, Fura-2 AM, Calcein AM, Fluo-3 AM, Fluo-4 AM, Quest Fluo-8 AM and Quest Rhod-4 AM, etc. to improve their water solubility. Poloxamer 407 is also a lipoprotein lipase inhibitor.

Squalene (Super Squalene) is an intermediate product in the synthesis of cholesterol, and shows several pharmacological properties such as hypolipidemic, hepatoprotective, antiatherosclerotic, cardioprotective, antioxidant, and antitumour activity.

TLC-2716 is an orally available, gut- and liver-restricted inhibitor against LXRα and LXRβ, with EC₅₀ values of 7 nM and 15 nM, respectively. TLC-2716 represses LXRα/β transcriptional activity, downregulates genes involved in lipogenesis, lipid absorption and lipoprotein metabolism, and preserves peripheral reverse cholesterol transport. TLC-2716 reduces lipid accumulation, suppresses inflammation and fibrotic gene expression, enhances triglyceride-rich lipoprotein clearance, and improves glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity. TLC-2716 lowers serum and hepatic triglycerides, plasma cholesterol and other atherogenic lipid profiles in experimental models and humanized liver mice. TLC-2716 can be used for the research of dyslipidemia and related cardiometabolic disorders.

Cholesterol (from plant) is the major sterol in mammals. It is making up 20-25% of structural component of the plasma membrane. Plasma membranes are highly permeable to water but relatively impermeable to ions and protons. Cholesterol (from plant) plays an important role in determining the fluidity and permeability characteristics of the membrane as well as the function of both the transporters and signaling proteins. Cholesterol (from plant) is also an endogenous estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) agonist.

C-HBrO-GGT is a dual-target fluorescent indicator with specificity for γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) and hypobromous acid (HBrO). C-HBrO-GGT acts as a substrate for GGT and HBrO, undergoing enzymatic or chemical modification to trigger channel-specific fluorescence, with sequential activation requiring initial GGT hydrolysis. C-HBrO-GGT enables simultaneous in vitro and in vivo fluorescence detection of GGT and HBrO. C-HBrO-GGT identifies mature atherosclerotic plaque positions and provides early warning of plaque formation before visual or classical immunofluorescent detection. C-HBrO-GGT can be used for the research of atherosclerosis (Ex/Em = 370 nm/500 nm).

Collagenase, Type VIII is a mixed enzyme derived from Clostridium histolyticum that contains collagenase, a nonspecific protease, and a clostripain. Collagenase, Type VIII can hydrolyze Type VIII collagen and may be used to study the formation of atherosclerosis. Type VIII collagen is a regulator of endothelial cell differentiation and angiogenesis, a substrate for cell adhesion and migration such as smooth muscle cells, and may accumulate in atherosclerosis. After endotoxin activates the expression of Collagenase, Type VIII, it can reduce the production of Type VIII collagen and has the potential to inhibit atherosclerosis.

Imidazole-5-propionic acid (Imidazolepropionic acid) is a urinary metabolite of L-histidine (HY-N0832). Imidazole-5-propionic acid can be used in the research of intestinal diseases and cardiovascular diseases.

Alirocumab is an anti-PCSK9 human monoclonal antibody. Alirocumab inhibits PCSK9. Alirocumab reduces NLRP3 inflammasome, regulates Nrf2/HO-1, HMGB1/NF-κB and Fractalkine/CX3CR1. Alirocumab increases the ability of the liver to bind LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) and reduces levels of LDL-C in blood. Alirocumab improves atherosclerosis and inflammation.

Eplerenone (Epoxymexrenone) is a selective, highly specific and orally active aldosterone blocker (SAB). Eplerenone also is a selective mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA) with IC₅₀ value of 0.081 μM. Eplerenone can be used for the research of hypertension, atherosclerosis, chronic systolic heart failure (HF) and cardiovascular (CV).

Dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (DGLA) is a 20-carbon ω-6 fatty acid, with anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative activities. Dihomo-γ-linolenic acid attenuates atherosclerosis in the apolipoprotein E deficient mouse model system.

PPACK TFA is a potent, peptidic inhibitor targeting thrombin and granzyme GZMK. PPACK TFA specifically blocks the activities of thrombin and GZMK, thereby inhibiting thrombin-mediated PAR-1 cleavage, as well as downstream inflammatory and procoagulant signaling pathways. Through stabilizing IκB proteins, blocking NF-κB activation and reducing systemic levels of proinflammatory/procoagulant biomarkers, PPACK TFA exerts multiple effects including anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic, barrier repair, and inhibition of atherosclerotic plaque progression. PPACK TFA binds to platelets without interference from kininogen, effectively limiting acute thrombus growth and reducing eosinophil infiltration and goblet cell hyperplasia in asthma models. PPACK TFA is an important tool molecule for investigating the mechanisms of atherosclerosis, asthma and related thromboinflammatory diseases.

Anti-Mouse (CSF1R/CD115) Antibody (AFS98) is an anti-mouse CSF1R IgG2a antibody inhibitor derived from rats. Anti-Mouse (CSF1R/CD115) Antibody (AFS98) inhibits M-CSF-dependent colony formation and cell growth by blocking the binding of M-CSF to its receptor. Anti-Mouse (CSF1R/CD115) Antibody (AFS98) can be used for the researches of inflammation, metabolic disease, cardiovascular disease and neurological disease, such as such as stroke, diabetes and arthritis.

Anti-Mouse CD16/CD32 Antibody (2.4G2) is an anti-mouse CD16/CD32 IgG2b monoclonal antibody. Anti-Mouse CD16/CD32 Antibody (2.4G2) can block Fcγ receptor-mediated immune responses. Anti-Mouse CD16/CD32 Antibody (2.4G2) can block the combination of CD16 and FcγRs to reduce the production of foam cells. Anti-Mouse CD16/CD32 Antibody (2.4G2) can be used for researches on atherosclerosis and autoimmune hematological disorders.

3,3-Dimethyl-1-butanol (DMB) is an orally active inhibitor of trimethylamine (TMA) and trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO). 3,3-Dimethyl-1-butanol inhibits the signaling pathway of p65 NF-κB and TGF-β1/Smad3. 3,3-Dimethyl-1-butanol has potential applications in cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Pinoresinol Diglucoside is an orally active lignan with multifunctional bioactivity. Pinoresinol Diglucoside interacts with targets including ALB, HIF1A, GSK3B, BCL2, MARK3, IL6, NF-κB p65, Nrf2, HO-1, and TLR4, and modulates pathways including PI3K-Akt, estrogen, MAPK, Rap1, AKT/mTOR/NF-κB, and TGF-β1/Smads. Pinoresinol Diglucoside regulates osteogenesis, bone resorption, oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, ferroptosis, ferritinophagy, cardiac fibrosis, and vasorelaxation. Pinoresinol Diglucoside can be used for the research of osteoporosis, ischemia/reperfusion-induced brain injury, Alzheimer’s disease, myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, chondrodysplasia, diabetic cardiomyopathy, cardiac hypertrophy, hypertension, cisplatin-induced hearing loss, atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases, and disuse osteoporosis.

Leukotriene C4 is a eicosanoid lipid mediator and produced by immune cells during type 2 inflammation. Leukotriene C4 can mediate inflammation,allergy, bronchoconstriction, and vascular leakage.

Obicetrapib (TA-8995; DEZ-001) is an orally active cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) inhibitor. Obicetrapib potently reduces atherogenic lipoproteins (such as LDL-C, ApoB, Lp (a)) and increases HDL-C. Obicetrapib can be used for the research of dyslipidemia and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD).