Cat. No.: HY-10964

Vadimezan

(Synonyms: DMXAA; ASA-404)

71 Cited Publications

Customer Review

Based on 71 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Vadimezan (DMXAA), the tumor vascular disrupting agent (tumor-VDA), is a murine agonist of the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) and also a potent inducer of type I IFNs and other cytokines. Vadimezan is unable to activate human STING. Vadimezan has anti-influenza virus H1N1-PR8 activities.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Purity: 99.93%
CAS No.: 117570-53-3
Formula: C₁₇H₁₄O₄
Molecular Weight:282.29

Storage:

Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 1 year , -20°C, 6 months

Vadimezan Chemical Structure

CAS No.: 117570-53-3

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Use of MCE Products

Fluorescent Dye

Strong Fluorescence Signal / Multi-Disciplinary Applications / High Fluorescence Specificity

Biological Activity
- Description
- IC₅₀ & Target
- Cellular Effect
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
- Clinical Trial
Chemical Information
Publications (71)
Solvent & Solubility
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Protocol
Purity & Documentation
References
Help & FAQs
Bioz

Biological Activity

Description

IC₅₀ & Target

STING^[1], type I IFNs^[2]

Cellular Effect

Cell Line	Type	Value	Description	References
A549	IC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: 6, Vadimezan	Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay	10.1039/C3MD00372H
A549	IC₅₀	207.6 μM Compound: 1, DMXAA, Vadimezan	Indirect cytotoxicity against human A549 cells co-cultured with mouse RAW264.7 cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay Indirect cytotoxicity against human A549 cells co-cultured with mouse RAW264.7 cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 24518295]
A549	IC₅₀	345 μM Compound: 1, DMXAA, Vadimezan	Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 24518295]
A549	IC₅₀	91 μM Compound: 1, DMXAA, Vadimezan	Indirect cytotoxicity against human A549 cells co-cultured with human PBMC after 24 hrs by MTT assay Indirect cytotoxicity against human A549 cells co-cultured with human PBMC after 24 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 24518295]
Bel-7402	IC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: 6, Vadimezan	Cytotoxicity against human Bel7402 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human Bel7402 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay	10.1039/C3MD00372H
BeWo	IC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: 6, Vadimezan	Cytotoxicity against human Bewo cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human Bewo cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay	10.1039/C3MD00372H
BGC-823	IC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: 6, Vadimezan	Cytotoxicity against human BGC823 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human BGC823 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay	10.1039/C3MD00372H
BJ	CC₅₀	48.9 μM Compound: 1, DMXAA, Vadimezan	Cytotoxicity against human BJ cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human BJ cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 24518295]
C13	IC₅₀	614.7 μM Compound: DMXAA	In vitro cytotoxicity against C13 tumor cell line In vitro cytotoxicity against C13 tumor cell line	[PMID: 12383019]
COLO 320	IC₅₀	39.5 μM Compound: DMXAA	Antiproliferative activity against human COLO320 cells after 48 hrs by CCK8 assay Antiproliferative activity against human COLO320 cells after 48 hrs by CCK8 assay	[PMID: 28376372]
H69AR	EC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: 4; DMXAA	Agonist activity at STING in human THP1 Dual cells assessed as IRF reporter activation incubated for 20 hrs by quanti-blue SEAP reporter gene assay Agonist activity at STING in human THP1 Dual cells assessed as IRF reporter activation incubated for 20 hrs by quanti-blue SEAP reporter gene assay	[PMID: 35108011]
H69AR	EC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: 4; DMXAA	Agonist activity at STING in human THP1-Dual cells assessed as NF-kappaB reporter activation incubated for 20 hrs by quanti-blue SEAP reporter gene assay Agonist activity at STING in human THP1-Dual cells assessed as NF-kappaB reporter activation incubated for 20 hrs by quanti-blue SEAP reporter gene assay	[PMID: 35108011]
HeLa	IC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: 6, Vadimezan	Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay	10.1039/C3MD00372H
HepG2	IC₅₀	100.2 μM Compound: DMXAA	Antiproliferative activity against human HepG2 cells after 48 hrs by CCK8 assay Antiproliferative activity against human HepG2 cells after 48 hrs by CCK8 assay	[PMID: 28376372]
HepG2	IC₅₀	100.2 μM Compound: DMXAA	Growth inhibition of human HepG2 cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay Growth inhibition of human HepG2 cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 29609121]
HepG2	IC₅₀	100.2 μM Compound: DMXAA; D	Antiproliferative activity against human HepG2 cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay Antiproliferative activity against human HepG2 cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 29129511]
HepG2	IC₅₀	21.25 μM Compound: DMXAA; D	Antiproliferative activity against human HepG2 cells co-treated with pyranoxanthone at 1:1 molar ratio after 24 hrs by MTT assay Antiproliferative activity against human HepG2 cells co-treated with pyranoxanthone at 1:1 molar ratio after 24 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 29129511]
HL-60	IC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: 6, Vadimezan	Cytotoxicity against human HL60 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human HL60 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay	10.1039/C3MD00372H
HT-29	IC₅₀	269.5 μM Compound: 1, DMXAA, Vadimezan	Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 24518295]
HUVEC	IC₅₀	>20 μM Compound: 6, Vadimezan	Cytotoxicity against HUVEC assessed as mitochondrial metabolism after 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against HUVEC assessed as mitochondrial metabolism after 48 hrs by MTT assay	10.1039/C3MD00372H
Ishikawa	IC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: 6, Vadimezan	Cytotoxicity against human Ishikawa cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human Ishikawa cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay	10.1039/C3MD00372H
K562	IC₅₀	19.14 μM Compound: DMXAA; D	Antiproliferative activity against human K562 cells co-treated with pyranoxanthone at 1:1 molar ratio after 24 hrs by MTT assay Antiproliferative activity against human K562 cells co-treated with pyranoxanthone at 1:1 molar ratio after 24 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 29129511]
K562	IC₅₀	57.4 μM Compound: DMXAA	Antiproliferative activity against human K562 cells after 48 hrs by CCK8 assay Antiproliferative activity against human K562 cells after 48 hrs by CCK8 assay	[PMID: 28376372]
K562	IC₅₀	57.44 μM Compound: DMXAA; D	Antiproliferative activity against human K562 cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay Antiproliferative activity against human K562 cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 29129511]
L02	IC₅₀	<100 μM Compound: DMXAA	Cytotoxicity against human HL-7702 cells after 48 hrs by CCK8 assay Cytotoxicity against human HL-7702 cells after 48 hrs by CCK8 assay	[PMID: 28376372]
L02	IC₅₀	<100 μM Compound: DMXAA	Cytotoxicity against human HL-7702 cells after 48 hrs in presence of DMXAA by CCK8 assay Cytotoxicity against human HL-7702 cells after 48 hrs in presence of DMXAA by CCK8 assay	[PMID: 28376372]
L02	IC₅₀	101.3 μM Compound: DMXAA; D	Antiproliferative activity against human HL-7702 cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay Antiproliferative activity against human HL-7702 cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 29129511]
MCF7	IC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: 6, Vadimezan	Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay	10.1039/C3MD00372H
MCF7	IC₅₀	11.89 μM Compound: DMXAA; D	Antiproliferative activity against human MCF7 cells co-treated with pyranoxanthone at 1:1 molar ratio after 24 hrs by MTT assay Antiproliferative activity against human MCF7 cells co-treated with pyranoxanthone at 1:1 molar ratio after 24 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 29129511]
MCF7	IC₅₀	54.4 μM Compound: DMXAA	Antiproliferative activity against human MCF7 cells after 48 hrs by CCK8 assay Antiproliferative activity against human MCF7 cells after 48 hrs by CCK8 assay	[PMID: 28376372]
MCF7	IC₅₀	54.4 μM Compound: DMXAA	Growth inhibition of human MCF7 cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay Growth inhibition of human MCF7 cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 29609121]
MCF7	IC₅₀	54.41 μM Compound: DMXAA; D	Antiproliferative activity against human MCF7 cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay Antiproliferative activity against human MCF7 cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 29129511]
MDA-MB-231	IC₅₀	12.12 μM Compound: DMXAA; D	Antiproliferative activity against human MDA-MB-231 cells co-treated with pyranoxanthone at 1:1 molar ratio after 24 hrs by MTT assay Antiproliferative activity against human MDA-MB-231 cells co-treated with pyranoxanthone at 1:1 molar ratio after 24 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 29129511]
MDA-MB-231	IC₅₀	48.4 μM Compound: DMXAA	Antiproliferative activity against human MDA-MB-231 cells after 48 hrs by CCK8 assay Antiproliferative activity against human MDA-MB-231 cells after 48 hrs by CCK8 assay	[PMID: 28376372]
MDA-MB-231	IC₅₀	48.42 μM Compound: DMXAA	Growth inhibition of human MDA-MB-231 cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay Growth inhibition of human MDA-MB-231 cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 29609121]
MDA-MB-231	IC₅₀	48.44 μM Compound: DMXAA; D	Antiproliferative activity against human MDA-MB-231 cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay Antiproliferative activity against human MDA-MB-231 cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 29129511]
NIH3T3	IC₅₀	<100 μM Compound: DMXAA	Cytotoxicity against mouse NIH/3T3 cells after 48 hrs by CCK8 assay Cytotoxicity against mouse NIH/3T3 cells after 48 hrs by CCK8 assay	[PMID: 28376372]
NIH3T3	IC₅₀	<100 μM Compound: DMXAA	Cytotoxicity against mouse NIH/3T3 cells after 48 hrs in presence of DMXAA by CCK8 assay Cytotoxicity against mouse NIH/3T3 cells after 48 hrs in presence of DMXAA by CCK8 assay	[PMID: 28376372]
NIH3T3	IC₅₀	67.8 μM Compound: DMXAA; D	Antiproliferative activity against mouse NIH/3T3 cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay Antiproliferative activity against mouse NIH/3T3 cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 29129511]
SiHa	IC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: 6, Vadimezan	Cytotoxicity against human SiHa cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human SiHa cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay	10.1039/C3MD00372H

In Vitro

Vadimezan (DMXAA), the vascular disrupting agent, is a murine agonist of the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) and also a potent inducer of type I IFNs and other cytokines. Vadimezan (DMXAA) has no detrimental effect on 344SQ-ELuc cell viability. It is found that Vadimezan-mediated up regulation of the NF-κB pathway as shown by increased p65 phosphorylation in M2 macrophages^[1]. Results demonstrate that Vadimezan (DMXAA)-treated cells are protected from VSV-induced cytotoxicity at all MOIs in contrast to medium-pretreated macrophages. Vadimezan (DMXAA) effectively inhibits growth of both strains of influenza, demonstrating the potential of Vadimezan for treatment of drug-resistant strains of human influenza^[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

In Vivo

344SQ-ELuc NSCLC subcutaneous tumors respond dramatically to Vadimezan (DMXAA), with a marked decrease in bioluminescence (BLI) signals post-drug injection. Vadimezan (DMXAA) treatment of 344SQ-ELuc metastases yields no decrease in photon emission rates, with the tumors remaining histologically similar to controls after this treatment. As with the large subcutaneous tumors, Vadimezan (DMXAA) administration to mice with small subcutaneous tumors still leads to ~2-log decreases in photon emission at both 6 and 24 hours^[1]. In vivo, Vadimezan (DMXAA) is a more potent inducer of IFN-β mRNA and a relatively poor inducer of TNF-α mRNA. Vadimezan (DMXAA) administration leads to significantly less weight loss in influenza-infected mice^[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Clinical Trial

NCT Number	Sponsor	Condition	Start Date	Phase A549
NCT01329991	Plexxikon\|		2011-05	PHASE1

Chemical Information

CAS No. 117570-53-3
Appearance Solid
Molecular Weight 282.29
Formula C₁₇H₁₄O₄
Color White to off-white
SMILES

O=C(O)CC1=CC=CC(C2=O)=C1OC3=C2C=CC(C)=C3C
Synonyms

DMXAA; ASA-404
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

Powder	-20°C	3 years
	4°C	2 years
In solvent	-80°C	1 year
	-20°C	6 months

Publications (71)

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Journal Impact Factor

Science

STING-NF-κB signaling builds an influenza spillover barrier. [Abstract]

2026 Feb 26;391(6788):eads4405. PMID: 41747053
Immunity

B cell-derived acetylcholine promotes liver regeneration by regulating Kupffer cell and hepatic CD8+ T cell function. [Abstract]

2025 Apr 23:S1074-7613(25)00165-7. PMID: 40286791
Immunity

Type 2 cytokine signaling in macrophages protects from cellular senescence and organismal aging. [Abstract]

2024 Mar 12;57(3):513-527.e6. PMID: 38262419
Gastroenterology

STING Signaling Promotes Inflammation in Experimental Acute Pancreatitis. [Abstract]

2018 May;154(6):1822-1835.e2. PMID: 29425920

Vadimezan purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Gastroenterology. 2018 May;154(6):1822-1835.e2. [Abstract]

Expression of IRF3, p-IRF3, p65 and p-p65 in whole pancreatic extract of acute pancreatitis (AP) mice shown by western blot.
Nat Cell Biol

Evolutionarily conserved role of telomerase reverse transcriptase in programming the microenvironment via regulation of the cGAS-STING pathway. [Abstract]

2025 Aug;27(8):1342-1356. PMID: 40770487
Nat Cell Biol

SEL1L-HRD1 endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation controls STING-mediated innate immunity by limiting the size of the activable STING pool. [Abstract]

2023 May;25(5):726-739. PMID: 37142791
Clin Mol Hepatol

Macrophage ATG16L1 expression suppresses MASH progression by promoting lipophagy. [Abstract]

2024 May 10. PMID: 38726504
ACS Nano

Anti-Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells 2-Conjugated Nanovesicles Loaded Vadimezan Reprogram Tumor-Associated Macrophages to Combat Recurrent Lung Cancer. [Abstract]

2025 Aug 29. PMID: 40879116
ACS Nano

Universal STING Pathway-Activating Complexes Counteract Viral Immune Evasion and Boost Antiviral Responses. [Abstract]

2025 Mar 4;19(8):8277-8293. PMID: 39988898
ACS Nano

Sensitizing Tumors to Immune Checkpoint Blockage via STING Agonists Delivered by Tumor-Penetrating Neutrophil Cytopharmaceuticals. [Abstract]

2023 Jan 3. PMID: 36595464
Neuron

Driving axon regeneration by orchestrating neuronal and non-neuronal innate immune responses via the IFNγ-cGAS-STING axis. [Abstract]

2023 Jan 18;111(2):236-255.e7. PMID: 36370710
Adv Sci (Weinh)

Carnosic Acid Directly Targets STING C-Terminal Tail to Improve STING-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases. [Abstract]

2025 Apr;12(14):e2417686. PMID: 39965124
Chem Eng J

2024 Oct 1.
Gut Microbes

Gut microbiota modulate radiotherapy-associated antitumor immune responses against hepatocellular carcinoma Via STING signaling. [Abstract]

2022 Jan-Dec;14(1):2119055. PMID: 36093568
J Immunother Cancer

Targeting VCP enhances colorectal cancer therapy through STING stabilization. [Abstract]

2025 Nov 19;13(11):e012652. PMID: 41260904
Cell Rep Med

MPXV infection activates cGAS-STING signaling and IFN-I treatment reduces pathogenicity of mpox in CAST/EiJ mice and rhesus macaques. [Abstract]

2025 May 20;6(5):102135. PMID: 40398389
J Neuroinflammation

STING controls opioid-induced itch and chronic itch via spinal tank-binding kinase 1-dependent type I interferon response in mice. [Abstract]

2023 Apr 30;20(1):101. PMID: 37122031

Vadimezan purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Neuroinflammation. 2023 Apr 30;20(1):101. [Abstract]

Vadimezan (DMXAA; 20 mg/kg; i.p.; one dose) inhibits morphine-reduced spinal STING fluorescence intensity in mice.

Vadimezan purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Neuroinflammation. 2023 Apr 30;20(1):101. [Abstract]

Vadimezan (DMXAA; 20 mg/kg; i.p.; daily; two days) significantly upregulates the morphine-induced decreased expression of STING in the spinal dorsal horn of mice.
Sci China Chem

63,534-545(2020).
Cell Death Dis

STING dependent BAX-IRF3 signaling results in apoptosis during late-stage Coxiella burnetii infection. [Abstract]

2024 Mar 8;15(3):195. PMID: 38459007
Cell Death Dis

The interaction between STING and NCOA4 exacerbates lethal sepsis by orchestrating ferroptosis and inflammatory responses in macrophages. [Abstract]

2022 Jul 28;13(7):653. PMID: 35902564
Cell Death Dis

Circulating mitochondrial DNA-triggered autophagy dysfunction via STING underlies sepsis-related acute lung injury. [Abstract]

2021 Jul 3;12(7):673. PMID: 34218252
Cell Death Dis

mtDNA-STING pathway promotes necroptosis-dependent enterocyte injury in intestinal ischemia reperfusion. [Abstract]

2020 Dec 11;11(12):1050. PMID: 33311495
Cell Commun Signal

Intrinsic STING of CD8 + T cells regulates self-metabolic reprogramming and memory to exert anti-tumor effects. [Abstract]

2025 Feb 19;23(1):99. PMID: 39972350
Chin Herb Med

Amplifying protection against acute lung injury: Targeting both inflammasome and cGAS-STING pathway by Lonicerae Japonicae Flos-Forsythiae Fructus drug pair. [Abstract]

2024 Apr 30;16(3):422-434. PMID: 39072201
Cancer Immunol Res

Discovery of podofilox as a potent cGAMP-STING signaling enhancer with antitumor activity. [Abstract]

2023 May 3;11(5):583-599. PMID: 36921097
J Orthop Translat

TBK1 pharmacological inhibition mitigates osteoarthritis through attenuating inflammation and cellular senescence in chondrocytes. [Abstract]

2024 Jun 28:47:207-222. PMID: 39040492
Clin Sci

Flavonoid Derivative DMXAA Attenuates Cisplatin-induced Acute Kidney Injury Independent of STING Signaling. [Abstract]

2023 Mar 31;137(6):435-452. PMID: 36815438
Biomed Pharmacother

Ginsenoside Rb1 mitigates acute catecholamine surge-induced myocardial injuries in part by suppressing STING-mediated macrophage activation. [Abstract]

2024 May 21:175:116794. PMID: 38776673
Cell Death Discov

Therapeutic targeting of STING-IL6/STAT3 axis to inhibit osteoclastic niche formation and breast cancer bone metastasis. [Abstract]

2025 Oct 24;11(1):483. PMID: 41136375
Cell Rep

Adoptive macrophages suppress glioblastoma growth by reversing immunosuppressive microenvironment through programmed phenotype repolarization. [Abstract]

2025 Sep 26;44(10):116350. PMID: 41014558
Cell Rep

4-octyl itaconate as a metabolite derivative inhibits inflammation via alkylation of STING. [Abstract]

2023 Feb 28;42(3):112145. PMID: 36862550

Vadimezan purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Rep. 2023 Feb 28;42(3):112145. [Abstract]

Vadimezan (DMXAA; 50 µM; 4, 6 h) significantly increases the level of IRG1 in RAW264.7 macrophages.
Eur J Med Chem

Design and syntheses of a bimolecular STING agonist based on the covalent STING antagonist. [Abstract]

2023 Mar 15:250:115184. PMID: 36758305
Acta Neuropathol Commun

Hyperoside mitigates photoreceptor degeneration in part by targeting cGAS and suppressing DNA-induced microglial activation. [Abstract]

2024 May 16;12(1):76. PMID: 38755736
Chin Med

Traditional Chinese medicine Lingguizhugan decoction ameliorate HFD-induced hepatic-lipid deposition in mice by inhibiting STING-mediated inflammation in macrophages. [Abstract]

2022 Jan 5;17(1):7. PMID: 34983596
Biochem Pharmacol

Gelsevirine improves age-related and surgically induced osteoarthritis in mice by reducing STING availability and local inflammation. [Abstract]

2022 Apr:198:114975. PMID: 35202579
Pharmaceutics

Mannose-Coated Reconstituted Lipoprotein Nanoparticles for the Targeting of Tumor-Associated Macrophages: Optimization, Characterization, and In Vitro Evaluation of Effectiveness. [Abstract]

2023 Jun 8;15(6):1685. PMID: 37376134
J Ethnopharmacol

Puerarin from Pueraria montana var. lobata (Willd.) alleviates hepatic steatosis and inflammation in MAFLD through suppressing STING-IRF3/NF-κB signaling in macrophages. [Abstract]

2025 Dec 30:360:121126. PMID: 41478535
J Ethnopharmacol

Shuangdan Jiedu Decoction improved LPS-induced acute lung injury by regulating both cGAS-STING pathway and inflammasome. [Abstract]

2024 Aug 17:118661. PMID: 39159837
Life Sci

Icariside II alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury by inhibiting lung epithelial inflammatory and immune responses mediated by neutrophil extracellular traps. [Abstract]

2024 Jun 1:346:122648. PMID: 38631668
Immunology

STING Drives Psoriatic Inflammation by Promoting Neutrophil Recruitment and Facilitating NETosis. [Abstract]

2026 Mar 3. PMID: 41775627
CNS Neurosci Ther

Tregs Promote Astrocyte-Neuron Lactate Shuttle via Inhibiting STING Pathway to Improve Neurological Recovery After Ischemic Stroke. [Abstract]

2026 Jan;32(1):e70753. PMID: 41552852
Int Immunopharmacol

Minimolide F alleviates inflammatory diseases by specifically targeting STING and blocking IRF3 recruitment. [Abstract]

2026 May 1:176:116468. PMID: 41819671
Int Immunopharmacol

Tanshinone IIA alleviates myocarditis in Trex1-D18N lupus-like mice by inhibiting the interaction between STING and SEC24C. [Abstract]

2025 Apr 18:156:114659. PMID: 40252465
Int Immunopharmacol

Perillaldehyde ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury via suppressing the cGAS/STING signaling pathway. [Abstract]

2024 Mar 30:130:111641. PMID: 38368770
Cell Rep Methods

A fluorescent STING ligand sensor for high-throughput screening of compounds that can enhance tumor immunotherapy. [Abstract]

2025 Jul 21;5(7):101106. PMID: 40669456
Inflamm Bowel Dis

STING-mediated Syk Signaling Attenuates Tumorigenesis of Colitis‑associated Colorectal Cancer Through Enhancing Intestinal Epithelium Pyroptosis. [Abstract]

2022 Mar 30;28(4):572-585. PMID: 34473281
Exp Neurol

Neuroprotection of celastrol against postoperative cognitive dysfunction through dampening cGAS-STING signaling. [Abstract]

2024 Dec:382:114987. PMID: 39369806
J Inflamm (Lond)

Butyrate ameliorates ulcerative colitis through targeting STING-dependent ER stress signaling and limiting CD4+ TRM T cells accumulation. [Abstract]

2025 Nov 24;22(1):50. PMID: 41286853
iScience

Serine metabolism is crucial for cGAS-STING signaling and viral defense control in the gut. [Abstract]

2024 Feb 8;27(3):109173. PMID: 38496294
J Biol Chem

Cytosolic nucleic acid sensing triggers type I interferon activation via the Hippo kinase LATS1. [Abstract]

2026 Jan 23;302(3):111204. PMID: 41581871
J Biol Chem

Bruton's tyrosine kinase phosphorylates scaffolding and RNA-binding protein G3BP1 to induce stress granule aggregation during host sensing of foreign ribonucleic acids. [Abstract]

2022 Aug;298(8):102231. PMID: 35798143
Mol Divers

Discovery of isoindoline-2(1H)-carboxamide STING inhibitors as anti-inflammatory agents. [Abstract]

2025 Dec 11. PMID: 41379298
Clin Immunol

STING contributes to trauma-induced heterotopic ossification through NLRP3-dependent macrophage pyroptosis. [Abstract]

2023 May:250:109300. PMID: 36963448
Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res

NLRX1 attenuates endoplasmic reticulum stress via STING in cardiac hypertrophy. [Abstract]

2024 Dec;1871(8):119852. PMID: 39357547
Exp Cell Res

Effect of STING signaling on intestinal barrier damage in severe acute pancreatitis. [Abstract]

2023 May 17;428(2):113630. PMID: 37196844
World J Tradit Chin Med

2025 Oct 28.
World J Tradit Chin Med

2025 April 17.
Hum Cell

ATG5-mediated cGAS-STING-NLRP3 axis alleviates symptoms of knee osteoarthritis. [Abstract]

2025 Aug 13;38(5):142. PMID: 40801965
Bioorg Med Chem

Discovery of the thieno[2,3-b][1,4]thiazin-2(3H)-one STING inhibitors. [Abstract]

2026 Jan 16:135:118571. PMID: 41564501
J Cancer Res Clin Oncol

The role of cGAS-STING pathway in the development of radiation-induced lung injury. [Abstract]

2025 Jan 25;151(2):48. PMID: 39856464
Chembiochem

dSTORM-Based Single-Cell Protein Quantitative Analysis Can Effectively Evaluate the Degradation Ability of PROTACs. [Abstract]

2023 Feb 14;24(4):e202200680. PMID: 36564338
Tissue Cell

Mesenchymal stem cells alleviate autoimmune thyroiditis by modulating macrophage phenotypes and through influencing the STING pathway. [Abstract]

2024 Dec:91:102596. PMID: 39490249
Immunobiology

STING mediates SU5416/hypoxia-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension in rats by regulating macrophage NLRP3 inflammasome activation. [Abstract]

2023 Feb 8;228(2):152345. PMID: 36780836
Biochem Biophys Res Commun

Feedback activation of CD73-Adenosine axis attenuates the antitumor immunity of STING pathway. [Abstract]

2024 May 14:708:149814. PMID: 38531218
Biochem Biophys Res Commun

Sequential administration of delta-tocotrienol ameliorates radiation-induced myelosuppression in mice and non-human primates through inducing G-CSF production. [Abstract]

2024 Apr 16:704:149661. PMID: 38417343
Biochem Biophys Res Commun

High glucose-induced endothelial STING activation inhibits diabetic wound healing through impairment of angiogenesis. [Abstract]

2023 Aug 6:668:82-89. PMID: 37245293
Clin Exp Nephrol

Cytosolic mtDNA-cGAS-STING axis contributes to sepsis-induced acute kidney injury via activating the NLRP3 inflammasome. [Abstract]

2024 May;28(5):375-390. PMID: 38238499
Res Sq

2024 Nov 10.
bioRxiv

2024 Jan 23.
Research Square Print

October 13th, 2022.
Research Square Preprint

2021 May.

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

DMSO : 10 mg/mL (35.42 mM; ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Preparing Stock Solutions

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Concentration Solvent Mass

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

Concentration

Solvent

Mass

1 mM

3.5425 mL

17.7123 mL

35.4246 mL

5 mM

0.7085 mL

3.5425 mL

7.0849 mL

10 mM

0.3542 mL

1.7712 mL

3.5425 mL

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.

Molarity Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass Mass

Concentration Concentration

Volume Volume

Molecular Weight Molecular Weight

Dilution Calculator

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

Concentration _(start) Concentration _(start)

Volume _(start) Volume _(start)

Concentration _(final) Concentration _(final)

Volume _(final) Volume _(final)

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

Stock Solution Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline

Solubility: ≥ 1 mg/mL (3.54 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 1 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (10.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil

Solubility: ≥ 1 mg/mL (3.54 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 1 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (10.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly:

It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.

The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 50% PEG300 50% Saline

Solubility: 5 mg/mL (17.71 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage Dosage
mg/kg
Animal Weight (Per Animal) Animal Weight (Per Animal)
g
Dosing Volume (Per Animal) Dosing Volume (Per Animal)
μL
Number of Animals Number of Animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Please enter your animal formula composition:

%
DMSO +

Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
%
+
+
%
Tween-80 + +
%
Saline +

The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).

Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL

Protocol

Kinase Assay^[1]

M2-polarized macrophages are treated with 20 µg/mL Vadimezan (ASA-404) or DMSO vehicle for 30 min. Cells are then lysed and protein denatured in SDS buffer and samples sent for RPPA analysis. Differential abundance of various proteins and/or their phosphorylation status in response to Vadimezan (ASA-404) is assessed^[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Cell Assay^[2]

RAW 264.7 macrophages are cultured and plated at 1×10⁵ cells/well in a 96-well plate. After overnight incubation at 37°C, cells are treated with medium containing vehicle or Vadimezan (DMXAA) (100 μg/mL). After 6 h, the culture medium is replaced with serum-free DMEM containing VSV at the indicated MOI for 1 h. Cells are then maintained in complete DMEM with 10% FBS. Twenty-four hours later, cells are washed with PBS, fixed with 10% buffered formalin, and rinsed thoroughly with distilled water. Adherent cells are stained with crystal violet^[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Administration^[1]

Male 129/Sv mice (6 to 12 week old) are used in this study. To generate subcutaneous tumors, 5×10⁵ 344SQ-ELuc cells in 100 µL PBS are injected in both posterior flanks of mice. Tumor growth is monitored every 2 to 4 days via BLI. Once tumors are established (day 10 for systemic metastases; day 7 or day 14 for subcutaneous tumors), mice are given 25 mg/kg of Vadimezan (DMXAA), or DMSO vehicle by i.p. injection. BLI is carried out at 6 and 24 hours ^[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Purity & Documentation

Select Batch:

Purity: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Data Sheet (281 KB)
SDS (597 KB)
- English - EN (597 KB)
- Français - FR (597 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (597 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (597 KB)
- Español - ES (597 KB)
- Swedish - SV (597 KB)
- Italian - IT (597 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (597 KB)
COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Downey CM, et al. DMXAA causes tumor site-specific vascular disruption in murine non-small cell lung cancer, and like the endogenous non-canonical cyclic dinucleotide STING agonist, 2'3'-cGAMP, induces M2 macrophage repolarization. PLoS One. 2014 Jun 18;9(6):e99988. [Content Brief]

[2]. Shirey KA, et al. The anti-tumor agent, 5,6-dimethylxanthenone-4-acetic acid (DMXAA), induces IFN-beta-mediated antiviral activity in vitro and in vivo. J Leukoc Biol. 2011 Mar;89(3):351-7. [Content Brief]

Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg
DMSO	1 mM	3.5425 mL	17.7123 mL	35.4246 mL	88.5614 mL
	5 mM	0.7085 mL	3.5425 mL	7.0849 mL	17.7123 mL
	10 mM	0.3542 mL	1.7712 mL	3.5425 mL	8.8561 mL
	15 mM	0.2362 mL	1.1808 mL	2.3616 mL	5.9041 mL
	20 mM	0.1771 mL	0.8856 mL	1.7712 mL	4.4281 mL
	25 mM	0.1417 mL	0.7085 mL	1.4170 mL	3.5425 mL
	30 mM	0.1181 mL	0.5904 mL	1.1808 mL	2.9520 mL

Keywords

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Vadimezan

Anti-Infection Compound Library

Immunology/Inflammation Compound Library

Anti-Cancer Compound Library

Clinical Compound Library

Antiviral Compound Library

Small Molecule Immuno-Oncology Compound Library

Drug Repurposing Compound Library

Anti-COVID-19 Compound Library

Pyroptosis Compound Library

Anti-Lung Cancer Compound Library

Human Metabolite Library

Anti-Prostate Cancer Compound Library

Membrane Protein-targeted Compound Library

Membrane Receptor-targeted Compound Library

Autoimmune Disease Compound Library

Immunopotentiator Compound Library

Multi-Target Compound Library

Bioactive Compound Library Max

MCE Bioactive Compound Library

Drug Repurposing Compound Library Plus

Clinical Compound Library Plus

Bioactive Compound Library

High-Throughput Bioactive Compound Library

Mass Spectrometry Human Metabolite Library

Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Vadimezan

Biological Activity

Chemical Information

Publications (71)

Solvent & Solubility

Protocol

Purity & Documentation

References

Help & FAQs

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Vadimezan

Anti-Infection Compound Library

Immunology/Inflammation Compound Library

Anti-Cancer Compound Library

Clinical Compound Library

Antiviral Compound Library

Small Molecule Immuno-Oncology Compound Library

Drug Repurposing Compound Library

Anti-COVID-19 Compound Library

Pyroptosis Compound Library

Anti-Lung Cancer Compound Library

Human Metabolite Library

Anti-Prostate Cancer Compound Library

Membrane Protein-targeted Compound Library

Membrane Receptor-targeted Compound Library

Autoimmune Disease Compound Library

Immunopotentiator Compound Library

Multi-Target Compound Library

Bioactive Compound Library Max

MCE Bioactive Compound Library

Drug Repurposing Compound Library Plus

Clinical Compound Library Plus

Bioactive Compound Library

High-Throughput Bioactive Compound Library

Mass Spectrometry Human Metabolite Library

Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Vadimezan

Biological Activity

Chemical Information

Publications (71)

Solvent & Solubility

Protocol

Purity & Documentation

References

Help & FAQs

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Vadimezan Related Classifications

Cat. No.: HY-10964