TAT-D1 peptide

Sprague-Dawley (adult male, 300-350 g)^[1]

300 pM (acute pre-administration; co-administration; repeated administration)

intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.); 15 minutes prior to injection; daily for 5 consecutive days; single dose

Elevated total 60-minute locomotor activity to 2918.1 beam breaks, a significant increase compared to saline controls.
Induced a robust locomotor increase in the first 5 minutes post-injection that was significantly higher than controls.
Did not produce a significant change in locomotor activity in non-habituated rats compared to vehicle controls.
Significantly enhanced locomotor responsiveness to amphetamine across the 5-day regimen compared to amphetamine alone (p < 0.05).
Induced a sensitized locomotor response to the priming amphetamine injection with total 60-minute activity of 7337.0 ± 920.4 beam breaks, significantly higher than saline-pretreated controls and comparable to amphetamine-sensitized rats.
Further enhanced the sensitized locomotor response to the priming amphetamine injection with total 60-minute activity of 8989.3 beam breaks, significantly higher than both saline-pretreated controls and amphetamine-sensitized rats .
Did not alter the expression of locomotor sensitization in amphetamine-sensitized rats, with total 60-minute activity of 7948.5 beam breaks, significantly higher than saline-pretreated controls.

Sprague-Dawley (adult male, 300-400 g); Fischer 344 (adult male, 300-400 g, chronic unpredictable stress model)^[2]

300 pM

i.c.v.; single dose

Significantly reduced total immobility timein forced swim test.
Significantly increased time spent in open arms per entryand reduced total open arm entriesin elevated plus maze.
Significantly reduced latency to drink milk in novel environment in novelty-induced hypophagia test.
Abolished SKF 83959-induced reduction in latency to immobility and increase in immobility within first minute of forced swim test.
Abolished SKF 83959-induced reduction in time spent in open arms per entry and total time spent in open arms in elevated plus maze.
Robustly attenuated SKF 83959-induced enhanced latency to drink milk and reinstated total milk consumption in novelty-induced hypophagia test.
Partially reversed CUS-induced reduction in sucrose preference scores, eliminating significant difference between CUS-exposed and non-exposed control rats.
Completely reversed CUS-induced increase in latency to consume fruit loops to non-stressed control levels; significantly increased total fruit loops consumed in CUS-exposed and non-exposed control rats.
Completely abolished CUS-induced prolongation of feeding latency in novel environment, restoring latency to non-stressed control levels.
Showed no significant effect on total time spent in open arms in elevated plus maze.
Significantly reduced SKF 83959-induced c-fos expression in nucleus accumbens (NAc) core and NAc shell.
Abolished SKF 83959-induced grooming behavior, reducing grooming time.
Induced significant c-fos expression in multiple brain regions when administered standalone: anterior olfactory nucleus, orbitofrontal cortex, infralimbic cortex, prelimbic cortex, piriform cortex, lateral habenula, thalamic nuclei.
Showed no effect on c-fos expression in striatal subregions, ventral pallidum, globus pallidus, lateral hypothalamus, hippocampus, amygdala, substantia nigra, ventral tegmental area, or rostromedial tegmental nucleus when administered standalone.