2. Induced Disease Models Products Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  3. Nervous System Disease Models Tryptophan Hydroxylase
  4. Fenclonine

Fenclonine  (Synonyms: 4-Chloro-DL-phenylalanine; PCPA; CP-10188)

Cat. No.: HY-B1368 Purity: 99.98%
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Fenclonine is a selective and irreversible tryptophan hydroxylase inhibitor, which is a rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of serotonin. Fenclonine can be used in carcinoid syndrome research.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

CAS No. : 7424-00-2

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Solid + Solvent (Highly Recommended)
10 mM * 1 mL in Water
ready for reconstitution
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10 mM * 1 mL in Water In-stock
Solid
500 mg In-stock
1 g In-stock
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10 g   Get quote  

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Customer Review

Based on 23 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Fenclonine:

Fenclonine Related Antibodies

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

    Fenclonine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Adv Sci (Weinh). 2025 Mar 26:e2405850.  [Abstract]

    Fenclonine (PCPA; 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1 μM; 24 h) at 0.5 µm effectively reduced the hair cell injury caused by neomycin in the basal and middle turns of the cultured explants. Immunostaining of hair cells with Myosin 7a in cultured explants.

    Fenclonine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: EMBO Rep. 2024 Feb;25(2):570-592.  [Abstract]

    Fenclonine (pCPA; 2 mg/L; 72 h) treatment 2-mpf WT and nomo1 deficiency zebrafish significantly rescued the overactive locomotor behavior of nomo1−/−.

    Fenclonine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Proteome Res. 2023 Sep 1;22(9):2936-2949.  [Abstract]

    Fenclonine (PCPA; 300 mg/kg; IP; once a day between 8:00 and 9:00 a.m. for 2 consecutive days) in Eight week old male C57BL/6J mice presented a significant decrease in spontaneous alternation in the Y-maze test (Figure 1B), whereas no difference in total arm entries (Figure 1C). For the NOR test, the recognition index of PCPA mice was significantly reduced (Figure 1D), demonstrating an impaired cognitive function.

    Fenclonine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Proteome Res. 2023 Sep 1;22(9):2936-2949.  [Abstract]

    Fenclonine (PCPA; 300 mg/kg; IP; once a day between 8:00 and 9:00 a.m. for 2 consecutive days; saline plus diazepam group and PCPA plus diazepam group received an intragastrical administration of diazepam (3 mg/kg) 26–28 h after the first PCPA injection for 2 consecutive days) in Eight week old male C57BL/6J mice showd Ptn expression in the PCPA plus diazepam group was significantly upregulated in the dentate gyrus (DG) in the hippocampus. Western blots showing Ptn expression in the hippocampus from saline, PCPA + saline, PCPA + diazepam, and saline + diazepam-treated mice.

    Fenclonine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Proteome Res. 2023 Sep 1;22(9):2936-2949.  [Abstract]

    Fenclonine (PCPA; 300 mg/kg; IP; once a day between 8:00 and 9:00 a.m. for 2 consecutive days; saline plus diazepam group and PCPA plus diazepam group received an intragastrical administration of diazepam (3 mg/kg) 26–28 h after the first PCPA injection for 2 consecutive days) in Eight week old male C57BL/6J mice showd Ptn expression in the PCPA plus diazepam group was significantly upregulated in the dentate gyrus (DG) in the hippocampus. Representative confocal images of Ptn (red) and DAPI (blue) expression in the hippocampus from saline + saline, PCPA + saline, PCPA + diazepam, and saline + diazepam-treated mice.

    Fenclonine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Proteome Res. 2023 Sep 1;22(9):2936-2949.  [Abstract]

    Fenclonine (PCPA; 300 mg/kg; IP; once a day between 8:00 and 9:00 a.m. for 2 consecutive days; saline plus diazepam group and PCPA plus diazepam group received an intragastrical administration of diazepam (3 mg/kg) 26–28 h after the first PCPA injection for 2 consecutive days) in Eight week old male C57BL/6J mice showd a significant increase in the rate of TUNEL-positive cells in the PCPA group, indicating the neuronal apoptosis. Representative confocal images of NeuN (red)-TUNEL (green) and DAPI (blue) expression in the hippocampus from control and PCPA groups.

    • Biological Activity

    • Purity & Documentation

    • References

    • Customer Review

    Description

    Fenclonine is a selective and irreversible tryptophan hydroxylase inhibitor, which is a rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of serotonin. Fenclonine can be used in carcinoid syndrome research[1][2][3].

    In Vivo

    Note:
    Please do not refer to only one article to determine the experimental conditions. It is recommended to determine the optimal experimental conditions (animal strain, age, dosage, frequency and cycle, detection time and indicators, etc.) through preliminary experiments before the formal experiment.

    Fenclonine can be used in animal modeling to create insomnia models[4].

    1. Induction of insomnia[4]
    Background
    Fenclonine can inhibit the synthesis of serotonin (5-HT), induce 5-HT depletion, and lead to insomnia.
    Specific Modeling Methods
    Rat: Sprague-Dawley (SD) • male • 6-8 weeks old
    Administration: 300 mg/kg • i.p. • once daily for 3 days
    Note
    Start injecting Fenclonine three days after administration.
    Modeling Indicators
    Molecular changes: Downregulation of 5-HT1AR expression.
    Opposite Product(s): Buspirone (HY-B1115A)

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    Animal Model: Wistar albino rats of either sex and weighing between 80 and 100 g[2]
    Dosage: 100 mg/kg
    Administration: Intraperitoneal injection; 100 mg/kg; once daily; 3 days
    Result: Inhibited the antinociceptive activity of Morphine by 41.5%.
    Animal Model: Male Swiss mice (22–25 g)[3]
    Dosage: 300 mg/kg
    Administration: Intraperitoneal injection; 300 mg/kg; once daily; 3 days
    Result: Inhibited the effects of Paracetamol in depression-like and compulsion-like behavior.
    Molecular Weight

    199.64

    Formula

    C9H10ClNO2
    CAS No.
    Appearance

    Solid

    Color

    White to off-white

    SMILES

    NC(CC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1)C(O)=O
    Shipping

    Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
    Storage
    Powder -20°C 3 years
    4°C 2 years
    In solvent -80°C 2 years
    -20°C 1 year
    Solvent & Solubility
    In Vitro: 

    1 M NaOH : 150 mg/mL (751.35 mM; Need ultrasonic)

    DMSO : 100 mg/mL (500.90 mM; ultrasonic and adjust pH to 2 with HCl; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

    H2O : 4 mg/mL (20.04 mM; ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C)

    Preparing
    Stock Solutions
    Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
    1 mM 5.0090 mL 25.0451 mL 50.0902 mL
    5 mM 1.0018 mL 5.0090 mL 10.0180 mL
    View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

    * Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

    • Molarity Calculator

    • Dilution Calculator

    Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

    Mass
    =
    Concentration
    ×
    Volume
    ×
    Molecular Weight *

    Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

    This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

    Concentration (start)

    C1

    ×
    Volume (start)

    V1

    =
    Concentration (final)

    C2

    ×
    Volume (final)

    V2

    In Vivo:

    Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

    For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
    To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
    The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

    • Protocol 1

      Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

      Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (12.52 mM); Clear solution

      This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

      Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

      Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
    • Protocol 2

      Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

      Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (12.52 mM); Clear solution

      This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

      Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

      Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.

    For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly. It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
    The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

    • Protocol 1

      Add each solvent one by one:  50% PEG300    50% Saline

      Solubility: 20 mg/mL (100.18 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic

    • Protocol 2

      Add each solvent one by one:  0.5% CMC-Na/saline water

      Solubility: 20 mg/mL (100.18 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic

    In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
    Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

    Dosage

    mg/kg

    Animal weight
    (per animal)

    g

    Dosing volume
    (per animal)

    μL

    Number of animals

    Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
    Please enter your animal formula composition:
    %
    DMSO +
    % 
    +
    %
    Tween-80 +
    %
    Saline
    Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
    The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
    Calculation results:
    Working solution concentration: mg/mL
    Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).
    The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
    Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
     If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
    Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
    Purity & Documentation

    Purity: 99.98%

    SDS (480 KB)

    COA (245 KB) HNMR (236 KB) RP-HPLC (255 KB) MS (68 KB)

    Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
    References

    Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

    Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
    H2O / DMSO / 1 M NaOH 1 mM 5.0090 mL 25.0451 mL 50.0902 mL 125.2254 mL
    5 mM 1.0018 mL 5.0090 mL 10.0180 mL 25.0451 mL
    10 mM 0.5009 mL 2.5045 mL 5.0090 mL 12.5225 mL
    15 mM 0.3339 mL 1.6697 mL 3.3393 mL 8.3484 mL
    20 mM 0.2505 mL 1.2523 mL 2.5045 mL 6.2613 mL
    DMSO / 1 M NaOH 25 mM 0.2004 mL 1.0018 mL 2.0036 mL 5.0090 mL
    30 mM 0.1670 mL 0.8348 mL 1.6697 mL 4.1742 mL
    40 mM 0.1252 mL 0.6261 mL 1.2523 mL 3.1306 mL
    50 mM 0.1002 mL 0.5009 mL 1.0018 mL 2.5045 mL
    60 mM 0.0835 mL 0.4174 mL 0.8348 mL 2.0871 mL
    80 mM 0.0626 mL 0.3131 mL 0.6261 mL 1.5653 mL
    100 mM 0.0501 mL 0.2505 mL 0.5009 mL 1.2523 mL

    * Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

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    Fenclonine Related Classifications

    Help & FAQs
    • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

      Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

    Keywords:

    Fenclonine7424-00-24-Chloro-DL-phenylalanine PCPA CP-10188CP10188CP 10188CP-10188Tryptophan Hydroxylaseselectiveirreversibleserotonincarcinoid syndromeInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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