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DPPH  (Synonyms: 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl)

Cat. No.: HY-112053 Purity: 99.13%
COA Handling Instructions

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DPPH (2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) is a stable free radical that can be used to measure the radical scavenging activity of antioxidants. The odd electron of nitrogen atom in DPPH is reduced by receiving a hydrogen atom from antioxidants to the corresponding hydrazine. DPPH method may be utilized in aqueous and nonpolar organic solvents and can be used to examine both hydrophilic and lipophilic antioxidants.

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DPPH Chemical Structure

DPPH Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 1898-66-4

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Solid + Solvent
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO
ready for reconstitution
 USD 28 In-stock
Solution
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO USD 28 In-stock
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50 mg USD 55 In-stock
100 mg USD 85 In-stock
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Based on 11 publication(s) in Google Scholar

DPPH Related Antibodies

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

  • Biological Activity

  • Purity & Documentation

  • References

  • Customer Review

Description

DPPH (2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) is a stable free radical that can be used to measure the radical scavenging activity of antioxidants. The odd electron of nitrogen atom in DPPH is reduced by receiving a hydrogen atom from antioxidants to the corresponding hydrazine. DPPH method may be utilized in aqueous and nonpolar organic solvents and can be used to examine both hydrophilic and lipophilic antioxidants[1].

In Vitro

DPPH shows a strong absorption band at 517 nm due to its odd electron and solution appears a deep violet colour, the absorption vanishes as the electron pairs off. The resulting decolorization is stoichiometric with respect to the number of electrons taken up. The alcoholic solutions of 0.5 mM are densely colored and at this concentration, the Lambert-Beer law is obeyed over the useful range of absorption[1].
DPPH assay is a rapid, simple, inexpensive and widely used method to measure the ability of compounds to act as free radical scavengers or hydrogen donors, and to evaluate antioxidant activity of foods. It can also be used to quantify antioxidants in complex biological systems, for solid or liquid samples. This method is easy and applies to measure the overall antioxidant capacity and the free radical scavenging activity of fruit and vegetable juice. This assay has been successfully utilized for investigating antioxidant properties of wheat grain and bran, vegetables, conjugated linoleic acids, herbs, edible seed oils, and flours in several different solvent systems including ethanol, aqueous acetone, methanol, aqueous alcohol and benzene. It is a convenient method for the antioxidant assay of cysteine, glutathione, ascorbic acid, tocopherol and polyhydroxy aromatic compounds, for olive oil, fruits, juices and wines[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

DPPH Related Antibodies
Molecular Weight

394.32

Formula

C18H12N5O6
CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

Brown to black

SMILES

O=[N+](C1=C([N]N(C2=CC=CC=C2)C3=CC=CC=C3)C([N+]([O-])=O)=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1)[O-]
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage

4°C, protect from light

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)

Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : 25 mg/mL (63.40 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Ethanol : 1 mg/mL (2.54 mM; Need ultrasonic)

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 2.5360 mL 12.6801 mL 25.3601 mL
5 mM 0.5072 mL 2.5360 mL 5.0720 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

  • Molarity Calculator

  • Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass
=
Concentration
×
Volume
×
Molecular Weight *

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

Concentration (start)

C1

×
Volume (start)

V1

=
Concentration (final)

C2

×
Volume (final)

V2

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

    Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (5.27 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

    Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

g

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
%
DMSO +
% 
+
%
Tween-80 +
%
Saline
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)

The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
 If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation

Purity: 99.13%

COA (254 KB) LCMS (96 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
Ethanol / DMSO 1 mM 2.5360 mL 12.6801 mL 25.3601 mL 63.4003 mL
DMSO 5 mM 0.5072 mL 2.5360 mL 5.0720 mL 12.6801 mL
10 mM 0.2536 mL 1.2680 mL 2.5360 mL 6.3400 mL
15 mM 0.1691 mL 0.8453 mL 1.6907 mL 4.2267 mL
20 mM 0.1268 mL 0.6340 mL 1.2680 mL 3.1700 mL
25 mM 0.1014 mL 0.5072 mL 1.0144 mL 2.5360 mL
30 mM 0.0845 mL 0.4227 mL 0.8453 mL 2.1133 mL
40 mM 0.0634 mL 0.3170 mL 0.6340 mL 1.5850 mL
50 mM 0.0507 mL 0.2536 mL 0.5072 mL 1.2680 mL
60 mM 0.0423 mL 0.2113 mL 0.4227 mL 1.0567 mL
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DPPH Related Classifications

Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

DPPH1898-66-42,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazylOthersInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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