Pyruvate carboxylase

Pyruvate carboxylase is a key mitochondrial anaplerotic enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of pyruvate to oxaloacetate. Pyruvate carboxylase not only maintains tricarboxylic acid cycle activity and redox homeostasis, but also drives hepatic gluconeogenesis and fatty acid synthesis. The activity of Pyruvate carboxylase is upregulated in insulin-resistant states, exacerbating hepatic glucose production. Pyruvate carboxylase also shows significantly enhanced expression in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Pyruvate carboxylase promotes tumor proliferation by supporting nucleotide and lipid synthesis, and its functional deficiency cannot be compensated by glutaminolysis. Pyruvate carboxylase can be used in the research of prediabetes type 2 and NSCLC.

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