House Dust Mite Extract, from D.pteronyssinus

BALB/c (male, 5-week-old)^[1]

100 μg/mL

nebulization; 10 minutes per administration; 8 total administrations on Days 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 60, 61

Showed significantly higher airway hyperresponsiveness (Penh V) than PBS control at all tested methacholine concentrations (3.1, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50 mg/mL).
Increased total cell, eosinophil, neutrophil, lymphocyte, and macrophage counts in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid compared to PBS control (P < 0.01).
Elevated serum IgE, IgG1, and IgG2a levels compared to PBS control (P < 0.05).
Increased bronchoalveolar lavage fluid levels of IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-13, and IL-17 compared to PBS control (P < 0.05).
Increased splenocyte levels of IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-13, and IL-17 compared to PBS control (P < 0.05).
Caused significantly thicker bronchial mucosa, increased collagen deposition, and higher percentage of PAS-positive cells in lung tissue compared to PBS control (P < 0.01).
Increased MUC5AC protein and mRNA expression in lung tissue compared to PBS control (P < 0.01).

BALB/c (female, 8-week-old, allergic conjunctivitis model via intraperitoneal sensitization followed by topical ocular challenge)^[2]

10 μg (i.p. sensitization); 100 μg (i.p. sensitization); 500 μg (i.p. sensitization); 500 μg (topical ocular challenge)

i.p.; days 1 and 8; absorbed on 2.0 mg aluminum hydroxide; topical instillation in each eye; days 15, 17, 19

Exhibited mean clinical scores of 6 to 7, with symptoms including eye frowning, discharge, and hyperemia (no significant difference between HDM groups).
Showed significantly elevated total serum IgE levels: ~800 ng/mL (10 μg i.p.
group), ~350 ng/mL (100 μg group), ~250 ng/mL (500 μg group), compared to controls.
Displayed significantly elevated HDM-specific IgE (OD 450 nm): ~0.6 (10 μg group), ~0.4 (100 μg group), ~0.3 (500 μg group), compared to controls.
Increased cervical lymphocyte proliferation after HDM stimulation: S-phase lymphocyte populations rose from 4.7% to 13.2% (10 μg group), 3.2% to 11.5% (100 μg group), and 3.3% to 12.5% (500 μg group); S-phase CD4+ T-cell populations rose from 5.0% to 11.7% (10 μg group), 1.4% to 3.3% (100 μg group), and 3.4% to 15.5% (500 μg group).
Showed significantly elevated IL-4 and IL-5 levels in cervical lymphocyte supernatants after HDM stimulation; IL-5 levels reached ~45 pg/mL in the 10 μg group, significantly higher than other HDM groups.
Induced significant conjunctival infiltration of eosinophils (~6-8 cells per slide) and mast cells (~10-14 cells per slide) compared to controls.
Had the highest proportion of conjunctival CD4+ST2+ T cells (17.1%) and the highest proportion of these cells with intracellular IL-5 (82.4%) in the 10 μg group, significantly elevated compared to controls.