Lophenol
Lophenol is an orally active phytosterol and PPARα and PPARγ agonist. Lophenol is found in cacti and aloe vera, and inhibits fat accumulation, weight gain, hepatic triglyceride accumulation and elevation of serum lipids. Lophenol regulates the expression of genes related to hepatic lipid and glucose metabolism, and downregulates the expression of hepatic lipid-related genes. Lophenol restores the levels of antioxidant enzymes and liver function parameters, and ameliorates liver tissue damage. Lophenol can be used in studies related to diet-induced obesity, drug-induced liver injury, sterol metabolism, and developmental regulation in nematodes.
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- CAS No.: 481-25-4
- 화학식: C28H48O
- 분자량:400.68
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보관:
Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
- 순도&문서
- References
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Help & FAQs
Biological Activity
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PPARα |
PPARγ |
Lophenol (10-50 μM; 16 h) acts as a weak agonist that dose-dependently activates the transcriptional activities of PPARα and PPARγ in CV1 cells, while exerting minimal effects on PPARδ[1].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Cell Line:CV1 Cell
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Concentration:10 μM; 50 μM
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Incubation Time:16 h
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Result:Acted as a weak agonist that dose-dependently activated the transcriptional activities of PPARα and PPARγ in CV1 cells, while exerting minimal effects on PPARδ.
Lophenol (i.p.; once daily for 7 consecutive days, dose of 25-50 μg/kg BW) exhibits dose-dependent hepatoprotective activity against Acetaminophen (HY-66005)-induced liver injury in Swiss albino mice, and the 50 μg/kg BW dose restores liver function markers, antioxidant enzyme levels and liver histology to near-normal levels[2].
Lophenol (13 μM) completely replaces cholesterol in the culture medium, second-generation wild-type Caenorhabditis elegans form dauer larvae despite abundant food and low population density. Addition of Lathosterol (HY-113486) at concentrations as low as 20 nM completely prevents this phenotype and allows the worms to develop into reproductively competent adults[4].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Animal Model:C57BL/6J (6-week-old male; diet-induced obesity model)[1]
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Dosage:1 µg/mouse/day
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Administration:p.o.; daily; 12 weeks
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Result:Reduced body weight to 33.9 g compared to control's 40.3 g (P < 0.01) after 12 weeks; showed non-significant body weight reduction to 29.9 g compared to control's 31.8 g (P > 0.05) after 4 weeks.
Reduced intra-abdominal fat weight to 2.51 g compared to control's 5.44 g (P < 0.01) and subcutaneous fat weight to 2.54 g compared to control's 4.94 g (P < 0.01) after 4 weeks.
Reduced liver triglyceride levels to 66.0 mg/g compared to control's 76.9 mg/g (P < 0.05), serum triglyceride levels to 70.0 mg/dl compared to control's 84.7 mg/dl (P < 0.05), serum non-esterified fatty acid levels to 1.09 mEq/l compared to control's 1.63 mEq/l (P < 0.01), and serum total cholesterol levels to 181.8 mg/dl compared to control's 207.7 mg/dl (P < 0.05) after 4 weeks.
Increased liver mRNA expression of Acsl1 (2.47-fold, P < 0.05), Acaa1a (1.73-fold, P < 0.05), Acox1 (2.34-fold, P < 0.05), Cpt1a (2.82-fold, P < 0.01), Cpt2 (1.66-fold, P < 0.05), Cyp4a10 (4.90-fold, P < 0.01), Cyp4a14 (10.79-fold, P < 0.05), Hmgcs2 (1.98-fold, P < 0.05), Pck1 (3.44-fold, P < 0.05), Fads2 (2.62-fold, P < 0.05), Scd1 (2.89-fold, P < 0.05), Scd2 (1.71-fold, P < 0.05), Pparα (4.93-fold, P < 0.01), and Rxra (3.61-fold, P < 0.01) relative to control.
Increased liver mRNA expression of Fatp1 (2.35-fold, P < 0.05), Pck1 (2.02-fold, P < 0.01), Pparα (2.28-fold, P < 0.05), and Rxra (2.54-fold, P < 0.05), and decreased liver mRNA expression of Fabp1 (0.44-fold, P < 0.01), Acbp (0.33-fold, P < 0.05), ApoCIII (0.41-fold, P < 0.05), and ApoAI (0.34-fold, P < 0.01) relative to control.
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Animal Model:Swiss albino mice (healthy young adults, either sex, 8-12 weeks old, 22 g weight)[2]
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Dosage:25 μg/kg BW; 50 μg/kg BW
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Administration:i.p.; daily; 7 days
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Result:Significantly reduced serum ALT, AST, ALP, LDH, and direct bilirubin (2.9) levels relative to the acetaminophen-only group at 25 μg/kg BW.
Significantly increased hepatic SOD, CAT, and GSH levels relative to the acetaminophen-only group at 25 μg/kg BW.
Showed mild hemorrhages, mild fatty changes, and mild inflammatory infiltrate, with no karyolysis in liver histology at 25 μg/kg BW.
Significantly reduced serum ALT, AST, ALP, LDH, and direct bilirubin levels relative to the acetaminophen-only group at 50 μg/kg BW.
Significantly increased hepatic SOD, CAT, and levels relative to the acetaminophen-only group at 50 μg/kg BW.
Showed mild hemorrhages, with no karyolysis, fatty changes, or inflammatory infiltrate in liver histology at 50 μg/kg BW.
All changes were statistically significant at p < 0.001 compared to the acetaminophen-only group, except for CAT (p < 0.05) and GSH (p < 0.01) at the 25 μg/kg BW dose.
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 481-25-4
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분자량 400.68
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화학식 C28H48O
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SMILES
CC(CCC[C@H]([C@H]1CC[C@]2(C3=CC[C@]4([C@@H]([C@H](CC[C@@]4([C@]3(CC[C@]12C)[H])C)O)C)[H])[H])C)C
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Structure Classification
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선적
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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보관
Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.
순도&문서
References
[1]. Nomaguchi K, et al. Aloe vera phytosterols act as ligands for PPAR and improve the expression levels of PPAR target genes in the livers of mice with diet-induced obesity. Obesity research & clinical practice. 2011;5(3):e190–e201. [Content Brief]
[2]. Ullah H, et al. Lophenol and lathosterol from resin of Commiphora kua possess hepatoprotective effects in vivo. Journal of ethnopharmacology. 2020 Apr 24;252:112558. [Content Brief]
[4]. Matyash V et al. Sterol-derived hormone(s) controls entry into diapause in Caenorhabditis elegans by consecutive activation of DAF-12 and DAF-16. PLoS Biol. 2004 Oct;2(10):e280. [Content Brief]
Calculators
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Lophenol Related Classifications
HY-122549 Related Classifications
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