2. GPCR/G Protein Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  3. GPR109A Drug Metabolite
  4. Monomethyl fumarate

Monomethyl fumarate 

Cat. No.: HY-103252 Purity: 98.50%
COA Handling Instructions

Monomethyl fumarate, an active metabolite of Dimethyl fumarate (DMF), is a potent GPR109A agonist. Monomethyl fumarate has the potential for multiple neuroprotective pathways and other models of retinal disease.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Monomethyl fumarate Chemical Structure

Monomethyl fumarate Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 2756-87-8

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Solid + Solvent
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO
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Solid
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Based on 3 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Monomethyl fumarate:

Monomethyl fumarate Related Antibodies

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Description

Monomethyl fumarate, an active metabolite of Dimethyl fumarate (DMF), is a potent GPR109A agonist. Monomethyl fumarate has the potential for multiple neuroprotective pathways and other models of retinal disease[1][2][3].

In Vitro

Monomethyl fumarate completely inhibits forskolin induced cAMP synthesis with an IC50 of 70 nM. Monomethyl fumarate induces a dose-dependent Ca2+ signal in GPR109A transfected cells with an EC50 of 9.4 μM[1].
Monomethyl fumarate (25 μM; 24 hours) attenuates 7β-OHC-induced cytotoxicity: cell growth inhibition; decreased cell viability; mitochondrial dysfunction; and cell death induction[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Monomethyl fumarate Related Antibodies
In Vivo

A single dose of Monomethyl fumarate (50-100 mg/kg; IP) before light exposure prevents these morphologic changes (bright light exposure induced photoreceptor death) in a dose-dependent manner[2].
Monomethyl fumarate (100 mg/kg) reduces retinal inflammation and oxidative stress. Monomethyl fumarate significantly suppresses light-induced retinopathy (LIR) upregulated genes in the NFkB pathway including: Nlrp3, Casp1, Il-1β, and Tnf-α[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model: Albino BALB/c mice (male, 6 weeks old)[2]
Dosage: 50, 65, 75, 100 mg/kg
Administration: IP
Result: Prevented these morphologic changes (bright light exposure induced photoreceptor death) in a dose-dependent manner.
Molecular Weight

130.10

Appearance

Solid

Formula

C5H6O4
CAS No.
SMILES

O=C(OC)/C=C/C(O)=O
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years
4°C 2 years
In solvent -80°C 6 months
-20°C 1 month
Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : 50 mg/mL (384.32 mM; Need ultrasonic)

H2O : 10 mg/mL (76.86 mM; ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C)

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 7.6864 mL 38.4320 mL 76.8639 mL
5 mM 1.5373 mL 7.6864 mL 15.3728 mL
10 mM 0.7686 mL 3.8432 mL 7.6864 mL
*Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent.
In Vivo:
  • 1.

    Add each solvent one by one:  PBS

    Solubility: 8.33 mg/mL (64.03 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C

  • 2.

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

    Solubility: 2.5 mg/mL (19.22 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic

  • 3.

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

    Solubility: 2.5 mg/mL (19.22 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic

  • 4.

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% Corn Oil

    Solubility: 2.5 mg/mL (19.22 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic

*All of the co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Purity & Documentation

Purity: 98.50%

COA (244 KB) HNMR (114 KB) GC (207 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
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Monomethyl fumarate Related Classifications

Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

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Keywords:

Monomethyl2756-87-8GPR109ADrug MetaboliteHM74APUMA-GHCA2HCAR2 metaboliteDimethylfumarateDMFneuroprotectiveretinalInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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