Spexin TFA
Based on 2 publication(s) in Google Scholar
Spexin (Neuropeptide Q) TFA is a selective agonist of galanin receptors GAL2 and GAL3, and is a conserved peptide that functions as a neurotransmitter/neuromodulator and endocrine factor. Spexin TFA can function through both central and peripheral actions. Spexin TFA upregulates Beclin 1 to inhibit ferroptosis induced by excessive autophagy, reduces the uptake of long-chain fatty acids by adipocytes, and regulates energy metabolism by increasing lipid oxidation (e.g., reducing the respiratory exchange ratio in rodents). Spexin TFA improves cardiac function in the Doxorubicin hydrochloride (HY-15142)-induced cardiotoxicity model, protects mitochondrial membrane potential, and reduces iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation. Spexin TFA can be used to study obesity and its related metabolic disorders, cardiovascular diseases (e.g., cardioprotection), and side effects of tumor chemotherapy.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Formula: C74H114N20O19S.xC2HF3O2
- Molecular Weight:1619.88 (free base)
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Storage:
Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Help & FAQs
Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Spexin TFA
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Biological Activity
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GAL2 |
GAL3 |
Spexin TFA (1 μM; 24 h) increases viability and reduces apoptosis in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCs) treated with Doxorubicin (HY-15142A), reverses the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and upregulates GPX4/SLC7A11[2].
Spexin TFA (20 ng/mL; 2 h) inhibits long-chain fatty acid (LCFA) uptake in isolated mouse adipocytes[3].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Cell Line:Neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCs)
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Concentration:1 μM
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Incubation Time:24 h; with or without 0.5 μM Doxorubicin
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Result:Showed a 35% increase in viability compared to Doxorubicin-treated controls, with reduced LDH release.
Spexin (35 μg/kg/day; subcutaneous injection; 19 days) TFA reduces food intake and weight gain in male Sprague-Dawley rats[3].
Spexin (25 μg/kg/day; ip; 10 days) TFA significantly reduces nocturnal respiratory exchange ratio (RER) and increases exercise capacity in mice[3].
Spexin (70 μg/kg/day; ip; single dose) TFA does not induce aversive effects in a conditioned taste aversion test in female rats[3].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Animal Model:C57BL/6 male mice (8 weeks old, 20-25 g) with Doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity model[2]
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Dosage:50 μg/kg Spexin
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Administration:Intraperitoneal injection (i.p.), daily for 4 weeks, starting 24 h after Doxorubicin hydrochloride injection (5 mg/kg/weeks, i.p., 4 weeks; with injectionson days 0, 7, 14 and 28)
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Result:Cardiac Function: Echocardiography showed increased ejection fraction (EF) from 45 ± 5% to 58 ± 4% and fractional shortening (FS) from 22 ± 3% to 30 ± 3% in Spexin-treated group compared to doxorubicin control.
Oxidative Stress: Cardiac tissue showed reduced MDA levels (2.5 ± 0.3 nmol/mg protein vs. 3.8 ± 0.4 nmol/mg protein in control) and increased SOD activity (120 ± 10 U/mg protein vs. 90 ± 8 U/mg protein in control).
Histology: H&E staining revealed less myocardial damage and fibrosis in Spexin-treated hearts.
Chemical Information
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Molecular Weight 1619.88 (free base)
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Formula C74H114N20O19S.xC2HF3O2
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Synonyms
Neuropeptide Q TFA
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Sequence Shortening
NWTPQAMLYLKGAQ-NH2
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.
Publications (2)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Br J Pharmacol
Spexin inhibits excessive autophagy-induced ferroptosis to alleviate doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity by upregulating Beclin 1. [Abstract]2024 Nov;181(21):4195-4213. PMID: 38961632 -
Front Med
Exogenous spexin aggravates renal ischemia reperfusion injury and triggers toxicity in healthy kidneys. [Abstract]2025 Sep 29. PMID: 41016963
Purity & Documentation
References
[1]. Porzionato A, et al. Spexin expression in normal rat tissues. J Histochem Cytochem. 2010;58(9):825-837. [Content Brief]
[2]. Ou W, et al. Spexin inhibits excessive autophagy-induced ferroptosis to alleviate doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity by upregulating Beclin 1. Br J Pharmacol. 2024 Nov;181(21):4195-4213. [Content Brief]
[3]. Walewski JL, et al. Spexin is a novel human peptide that reduces adipocyte uptake of long chain fatty acids and causes weight loss in rodents with diet-induced obesity. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2014 Jul;22(7):1643-52. [Content Brief]
Calculators
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Spexin TFA Related Classifications
HY-P1723A Related Classifications
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