Cat. No.: HY-N9933

Tauro-β-muricholic acid

(Synonyms: TβMCA)

5 Cited Publications

Customer Review

Based on 5 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Tauro-β-muricholic acid (TβMCA) is an orally active trihydroxylated bile acid and a competitive, reversible FXR antagonist (IC₅₀=40 μM). Tauro-β-muricholic acid inhibits bile acid-induced hepatocyte apoptosis by maintaining mitochondrial membrane potential, while simultaneously inhibiting intestinal FXR signaling, affecting bile acid synthesis, hepatic lipid metabolism, and insulin sensitivity. Accumulation of tauro-β-muricholic acid disrupts metabolic homeostasis, promoting cancer stem cell proliferation and tumor progression. The mechanisms of tauro-β-muricholic acid involve two aspects: first, inhibiting the translocation of the pro-apoptotic protein Bax to mitochondria and maintaining mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP); and second, blocking the FXR signaling pathway to regulate bile acid metabolism, reduce serum ceramide production, and downregulate the hepatic SREBP1C/CIDEA pathway. Tauro-β-muricholic acid possesses anti-hepatocyte apoptosis, bile acid homeostasis regulation, and liver fat accumulation reduction properties, and also functions as a biomarker, making it useful in the study of diseases such as bile acid metabolism disorders, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, colorectal cancer, and liver fibrosis.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Purity: 99.91%
CAS No.: 25696-60-0
Formula: C₂₆H₄₅NO₇S
Molecular Weight:515.70

Storage:

-20°C, sealed storage, away from moisture

* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)

Tauro-β-muricholic acid Chemical Structure

CAS No.: 25696-60-0

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Biological Activity
- Description
- IC₅₀ & Target
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Chemical Information
Publications (5)
Solvent & Solubility
- In Vitro
Purity & Documentation
References
Help & FAQs
Classifications
Bioz

Biological Activity

Description

IC₅₀ & Target

40 μM (FXR)^[1]

In Vitro

Co-incubation of tauro-β-muricholic acid (25 μM; 4 h) with GCDCA reduced apoptosis in human Ntcp-HepG2 cells, and co-incubation with palmitic acid restored the GCDCA-induced disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Both treatments also inhibited the translocation of the pro-apoptotic protein Bax to the mitochondria^[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Apoptosis Analysis^[1]

Cell Line:

Human Ntcp-transfected HepG2 cells, Primary rat hepatocytes, Primary mouse hepatocytes
Concentration:

25 μmol/L (Ntcp-HepG2 cells, primary rat hepatocytes), 100 μmol/L (primary mouse hepatocytes)
Incubation Time:

24 h
Result:

When co-incubated with glycochenodeoxycholic acid (GCDCA), Tauro-β-muricholic acid reduced GCDCA-induced hepatocellular apoptosis to 49% in Ntcp-HepG2 cells, and significantly decreased apoptosis in primary rat and mouse hepatocytes after 4 hours of treatment; nuclear fragmentation induced by GCDCA was also inhibited as visualized by Hoechst 33342 staining.

In Vivo

Tauro-β-muricholic acid (400 mg/kg, in combination with TCA; gavage; twice, 12 hours apart; single dose) inhibited TCA-induced ileal Fgf15 and Shp gene expression, exerting an FXR antagonistic effect, and simultaneously inhibited intestinal FXR signaling, reduced serum ceramides, and improved hepatic steatosis in high-fat diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) model mice ^[2][4]. Tauro-β-muricholic acid (oral antibiotic, 200 mg/kg/day; once daily; 3 days) increased TbMCA levels in the gallbladder of mice, inhibited ileal Fgf15 expression, upregulated hepatic Cyp7a1 expression, and altered bile acid composition ^[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model:

Swiss Webster mice (male, 9-16 weeks old), conventional raised (CONV-R) and germ-free (GF) mice; C57BL/6 mice (male, 9-16 weeks old), Fxr-deficient mice (backcrossed 8 generations on C57BL/6 background), CONV-R and GF mice [2]
Dosage:

Combined with TCA, 400 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg/day
Administration:

Oral administration
Result:

Significantly reduced the TCA-induced expression of Fgf15 and Shp in the ileum of GF C57BL/6 mice. Antibiotic treatment increased the levels of TbMCA in the gallbladder of CONV-R C57BL/6 mice, suppressed ileal Fgf15 expression, and increased hepatic Cyp7a1 expression. GF mice had higher levels of TbMCA and a larger bile acid pool compared with CONV-R mice, and TbMCA functioned as a natural FXR antagonist to inhibit bile acid synthesis.

Chemical Information

CAS No. 25696-60-0
Appearance Solid
Molecular Weight 515.70
Formula C₂₆H₄₅NO₇S
Color White to off-white
SMILES

C[C@@]12[C@]3([H])[C@]([C@H]([C@H]([C@]1([H])C[C@@H](CC2)O)O)O)([H])[C@@]4([H])[C@](CC3)([C@@](CC4)([H])[C@H](C)CCC(NCCS(=O)(O)=O)=O)C
Synonyms

TβMCA
Structure Classification
- Steroids
Initial Source
- Endogenous metabolite
- Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites
- Animals
rat
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage

-20°C, sealed storage, away from moisture

* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)

Publications (5)

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Cell

A microbial amino-acid-conjugated bile acid, tryptophan-cholic acid, improves glucose homeostasis via the orphan receptor MRGPRE. [Abstract]

2025 Aug 21;188(17):4530-4548.e25. PMID: 40446798
Cell Host Microbe

A gut microbiota-bile acid axis promotes intestinal homeostasis upon aspirin-mediated damage. [Abstract]

2024 Feb 14;32(2):191-208.e9. PMID: 38237593
J Pharm Biomed Anal

2026 Apr 27;278:117541.
J Pharm Biomed Anal

Integrating 16S rDNA sequencing analysis and targeted metabolomics to explore the mechanism of Xiexin Tang in treating atherosclerosis mice induced by high-fat diet. [Abstract]

2025 Jul 15:259:116760. PMID: 40014894
World J Gastrointest Oncol

Deoxycholic acid induces reactive oxygen species accumulation and promotes colorectal cancer cell apoptosis through the CaMKII-Ca2+ pathway. [Abstract]

2025 Aug 15;17(8):107453. PMID: 40837770

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

DMSO : 25 mg/mL (48.48 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Preparing Stock Solutions

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Concentration Solvent Mass

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

Concentration

Solvent

Mass

1 mM

1.9391 mL

9.6956 mL

19.3911 mL

5 mM

0.3878 mL

1.9391 mL

3.8782 mL

10 mM

0.1939 mL

0.9696 mL

1.9391 mL

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

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Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

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Purity & Documentation

Select Batch:

Purity: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Data Sheet (280 KB)
SDS (252 KB)
- English - EN (252 KB)
- Français - FR (252 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (252 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (252 KB)
- Español - ES (252 KB)
- Swedish - SV (252 KB)
- Italian - IT (252 KB)
- Korean - KR (252 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (252 KB)
COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Denk GU, et al. Tauro-β-muricholic acid restricts bile acid-induced hepatocellular apoptosis by preserving the mitochondrial membrane potential. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2012 Aug 10;424(4):758-64. [Content Brief]

[2]. Sayin SI, et al. Gut microbiota regulates bile acid metabolism by reducing the levels of tauro-beta-muricholic acid, a naturally occurring FXR antagonist. Cell Metab. 2013 Feb 5;17(2):225-35. [Content Brief]

[3]. Zhao DS, et al. Identification of urine tauro-β-muricholic acid as a promising biomarker in Polygoni Multiflori Radix-induced hepatotoxicity by targeted metabolomics of bile acids. Food Chem Toxicol. 2017 Oct;108(Pt B):532-542. [Content Brief]

[4]. Jiang C, et al. Intestinal farnesoid X receptor signaling promotes nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. J Clin Invest. 2015 Jan;125(1):386-402. [Content Brief]

Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg
DMSO	1 mM	1.9391 mL	9.6956 mL	19.3911 mL	48.4778 mL
	5 mM	0.3878 mL	1.9391 mL	3.8782 mL	9.6956 mL
	10 mM	0.1939 mL	0.9696 mL	1.9391 mL	4.8478 mL
	15 mM	0.1293 mL	0.6464 mL	1.2927 mL	3.2319 mL
	20 mM	0.0970 mL	0.4848 mL	0.9696 mL	2.4239 mL
	25 mM	0.0776 mL	0.3878 mL	0.7756 mL	1.9391 mL
	30 mM	0.0646 mL	0.3232 mL	0.6464 mL	1.6159 mL
	40 mM	0.0485 mL	0.2424 mL	0.4848 mL	1.2119 mL

Keywords

Tauro-β-muricholic acid

5 Cited Publications

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Tauro-β-muricholic acid

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Immunology/Inflammation Compound Library

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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Tauro-β-muricholic acid

Biological Activity

Chemical Information

Publications (5)

Solvent & Solubility

Purity & Documentation

References

Help & FAQs

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Tauro-β-muricholic acid Related Classifications

HY-N9933 Related Classifications