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  3. Autophagy
  4. Leonurine

Leonurine is an alkaloid isolated from Leonurus artemisia, with anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory.

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CAS No. : 24697-74-3

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Based on 13 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Leonurine:

Leonurine Related Antibodies

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

    Leonurine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Endocrinol. 2026 Jan 19;268(1):e250298.  [Abstract]

    Leonurine (LEO, 30 mg/kg; i.g.; once daily for 3 days) pretreatment significantly ameliorated various pathological changes in LIRI mice, including lung histopathology and superoxide accumulation.

    Leonurine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Endocrinol. 2026 Jan 19;268(1):e250298.  [Abstract]

    Leonurine (LEO, 30 mg/kg; i.g.; once daily for 3 days) pretreatment significantly ameliorated various pathological changes in LIRI mice, including vascular permeability (BALF protein content), W/D ratio, neutrophil infiltration (MPO activity), overall tissue damage (LDH release), and survival rate.

    Leonurine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Endocrinol. 2026 Jan 19;268(1):e250298.  [Abstract]

    Representative immunofluorescence of PTGS2 and DAPI in the lung of sham, IR, and IR + Leonurine (LEO, 30 mg/kg; i.g.; once daily for 6 days) . Scale bar = 200 μm.

    Leonurine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Endocrinol. 2026 Jan 19;268(1):e250298.  [Abstract]

    MLE-12 cells viability was quantified in different concentration of Leonurine (LEO,100-700 μM; 24 h) by MTT assay.

    Leonurine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2025 Oct 25.

    Leonurine (Leo, 150 mg/kg; i.g.; once daily for 2 months) reduced neuronal damage in the hippocampal CA1 region of APP/PS1 mice, as evidenced by representative Nissl staining sections of the same region. Scale bar: 100 μm.

    Leonurine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2025 Oct 25.

    Leonurine (Leo, 150 mg/kg; i.g.; once daily for 2 months) significantly reduced the levels of Aβ1-42 and Aβ1-40 in Tg mice.

    Leonurine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2025 Oct 25.

    Leonurine (Leo, 150 mg/kg; i.g.; once daily for 2 months) treatment elevated the protein expression of the Nrf-2 pathway in APP/PS1 mice.

    • Biological Activity

    • Protocol

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    • References

    • Customer Review

    Description

    Leonurine is an alkaloid isolated from Leonurus artemisia, with anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory.

    Cellular Effect
    Cell Line Type Value Description References
    H9c2 ED50
    192 nM
    Compound: 11c; SCM-198
    Antioxidant activity in rat H9c2 cells assessed as protection against H2O2-induced hypoxic injury by measuring cell viability preincubated for 4 hrs followed by H2O2 stimulation for 1 hr by MTT assay relative to control
    Antioxidant activity in rat H9c2 cells assessed as protection against H2O2-induced hypoxic injury by measuring cell viability preincubated for 4 hrs followed by H2O2 stimulation for 1 hr by MTT assay relative to control
    		[PMID: 32485530]
    In Vitro

    Leonurine (0, 5, 10, 20, 40, 80 μM) causes diminution in lipid accumulation, cellular cholesterol content, including total cholesterol (TC), free cholesterol (FC) and cholesteryl ester (CE), and increase in apoA-I- or HDL-mediated cholesterol efflux after treatment for 24 h. Leonurine also significantly and dose-dependently increases the expressions of ABCA1 and ABCG1 at the mRNA and protein levels in human THP-1 macrophages, and such effect is involved in PPARγ[1]. Leonurine hydrochloride (LH) shows protective effect on cell viability of HepG2 and HL-7702 cells incubated with palmitic acid (PA) of free fatty acid (FFA) for 24 h. Leonurine hydrochloride (125, 250, 500 μM) improves cellular lipid accumulation in HepG2 and HL-7702 cells via activating AMPK/SREBP1 pathway[2]. Leonurine (5, 10, 20 μM) inhibits the expression of iNOS, COX-2, PGE2, NO, TNF-α, and IL-6 in IL-1β-induced human chondrocytes, suppresses ECM degradation in human OA chondrocytes, and blocks IL-1β-induced PI3K and Akt phosphorylation in a dose-dependent manner[3].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    Leonurine Related Antibodies
    In Vivo

    Leonurine (10 mg/kg/d, p.o.) significantly increases the expressions of PPARγ, LXRα, ABCA1 and ABCG1, and decreases both TG and TC levels in serum of mice[1]. Leonurine hydrochloride (50, 100, 200 mg/kg) improves intracellular lipid accumulation via activating AMPK/SREBP1 pathway, enhances biochemical parameters, reduces hepatic lipoperoxide and increases antioxidant levels in mice[2]. Leonurine (20 mg/kg, p.o.) ameliorates osteoarthritis development in mouse DMM model[3].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
    Molecular Weight

    311.33

    Formula

    C14H21N3O5
    CAS No.
    Appearance

    Solid

    Color

    White to off-white

    SMILES

    O=C(OCCCCNC(N)=N)C1=CC(OC)=C(O)C(OC)=C1
    Structure Classification
    Initial Source
    Shipping

    Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
    Storage

    4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture

    *In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)

    Solvent & Solubility
    In Vitro: 

    DMSO : 30.3 mg/mL (97.32 mM; ultrasonic and adjust pH to 3 with 1 M HCl; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

    H2O : < 0.1 mg/mL (insoluble)

    Preparing
    Stock Solutions
    Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
    1 mM 3.2120 mL 16.0601 mL 32.1203 mL
    5 mM 0.6424 mL 3.2120 mL 6.4241 mL
    View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

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    Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

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    This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

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    In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
    Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

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    Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
    Calculation results:
    Working solution concentration: mg/mL
    Purity & Documentation

    Purity: 99.86%

    SDS (394 KB)

    COA (244 KB) HNMR (144 KB) LCMS (90 KB)

    Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
    References
    Cell Assay
    [2]

    MTT assay is performed to study the cytotoxic effects of Leonurinein HepG2 and HL-7702 cells. Briefly, HepG2 and HL-7702 cells are seeded for 24 h at the density of 3 × 104 cells/well in 96-well plates. After 24 h incubation, cells are treated with different concentrations of Leonurine (0-1000 μM) and the control group is treated with only DMEM for 24 h at 37°C in 5% CO2 incubator. Then, these cells are treated with MTT solution (5 mg/mL) for further 4 h. After 4 h incubation, DMEM containing MTT solution is discarded. Cells are then dissolved by adding DMSO (200 μL) to each well and the solutions are mixed thoroughly for 5 min. Finally, the absorbance is determined at 570 nm with a microplate reader[2].

    MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
    Animal Administration
    [1]

    Mice[1]
    ApoE-/- mice (male, eight-week old) are fed a chow diet for 2 weeks, apoE-/- mice are randomly divided into several groups (n=15/group). Mice in the Leonurine group are intragastrically administered with Leonurine (10 mg/kg/d) every day and continued for 8 weeks. The control group is fed with an equal volume of PBS. At week 16, mice are euthanized, followed by collecting the blood and tissue samples for further analyses[1].

    MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
    References

    Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

    Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
    DMSO 1 mM 3.2120 mL 16.0601 mL 32.1203 mL 80.3006 mL
    5 mM 0.6424 mL 3.2120 mL 6.4241 mL 16.0601 mL
    10 mM 0.3212 mL 1.6060 mL 3.2120 mL 8.0301 mL
    15 mM 0.2141 mL 1.0707 mL 2.1414 mL 5.3534 mL
    20 mM 0.1606 mL 0.8030 mL 1.6060 mL 4.0150 mL
    25 mM 0.1285 mL 0.6424 mL 1.2848 mL 3.2120 mL
    30 mM 0.1071 mL 0.5353 mL 1.0707 mL 2.6767 mL
    40 mM 0.0803 mL 0.4015 mL 0.8030 mL 2.0075 mL
    50 mM 0.0642 mL 0.3212 mL 0.6424 mL 1.6060 mL
    60 mM 0.0535 mL 0.2677 mL 0.5353 mL 1.3383 mL
    80 mM 0.0402 mL 0.2008 mL 0.4015 mL 1.0038 mL
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    Leonurine Related Classifications

    Help & FAQs
    • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

      Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

    Keywords:

    Leonurine24697-74-3SCM-198SCM198SCM 198AutophagyInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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