G15
Based on 41 publication(s) in Google Scholar
G15 is a high affinity and selective G-protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER/GPR30) antagonist with a Ki of 20 nM.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity: 99.0%
- CAS No.: 1161002-05-6
- Formula: C19H16BrNO2
- Molecular Weight:370.24
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Storage:
-20°C, protect from light
* In solvent : -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year (protect from light)
Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) G15
More- J Hazard Mater. 2024 Jun 13:475:134855. [Abstract]
- Environ Int. 2022 Dec:170:107568. [Abstract]
- Cell Death Dis. 2022 Apr 19;13(4):372. [Abstract]
- Sci Total Environ. 2024 Jun 25:931:172782. [Abstract]
- Environ Pollut. 2023 Oct 1:334:122211. [Abstract]
- Environ Pollut. 2021 Jan 1;268(Pt B):115748. [Abstract]
- Biochem Pharmacol. 2026 Apr:246:117728. [Abstract]
- Biochem Pharmacol. 2025 Sep 19;242(Pt 3):117354. [Abstract]
- Biochem Pharmacol. 2021 Oct:192:114721. [Abstract]
- Chem Biol Interact. 2026 Jun 1:432:112055. [Abstract]
- Chem Biol Interact. 2022 Aug 25:363:110024. [Abstract]
- Life Sci. 2022 Aug 15:303:120676. [Abstract]
- J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2021 Apr 23;106(5):1410-1426. [Abstract]
- Int J Mol Sci. 2026 Mar 27;27(7):3070. [Abstract]
- J Nutr Biochem. 2025 Jul 18:145:110036. [Abstract]
- Pharm Biol. 2023 Dec;61(1):499-513. [Abstract]
- Int Immunopharmacol. 2023 Sep:122:110641. [Abstract]
- Eur J Pharmacol. 2022 Jun 5;924:174939. [Abstract]
- J Cell Mol Med. 2026 Feb;30(3):e71018. [Abstract]
- Poult Sci. 2025 Dec 5;105(1):106210. [Abstract]
- Mediators Inflamm. 2025 Jul 21:2025:3585885. [Abstract]
- J Cell Physiol. 2024 Jan;239(1):166-179. [Abstract]
- Front Mol Neurosci. 2023 Jan 6:15:1078309. [Abstract]
- Food Chem Toxicol. 2026 Jun 2:215:116197. [Abstract]
- Food Chem Toxicol. 2026 Jun:212:116049. [Abstract]
- Metab Brain Dis. 2025 Jan 14;40(1):99. [Abstract]
- Food Chem Toxicol. 2022 Sep:167:113268. [Abstract]
- Biol Reprod. 2022 Oct 11;107(4):1026-1034. [Abstract]
- J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 2025 Feb;39(2):e70129. [Abstract]
- J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2025 May 4:106770. [Abstract]
- Neurosci Res. 2023 Mar:188:75-87. [Abstract]
- Steroids. 2022 Dec:188:109114. [Abstract]
- Exp Neurobiol. 2025 Oct 31;34(5):200-213. [Abstract]
- J Histotechnol. 2021 Mar;44(1):27-36. [Abstract]
- J Cardiothorac Surg. 2025 Apr 17;20(1):208. [Abstract]
- Hong Kong Polytechnic University. 2025.
- SSRN. 2023 Nov 29.
- Research Square Preprint. 2023 Jun 16.
- Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Oct 5:2022:6517732. [Abstract]
- J Cancer Ther. 2022 Mar;13(3):117-130. [Abstract]
- J Oncol. 2022 Jan 19:2022:2410530. [Abstract]
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RT-PCR
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Others
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WB
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WB
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Cell Imaging/Staining
Biological Activity
Ki: 20 nM (GPER/GPR30)[2]
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Cell Line
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Type | Value | Description | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SK-BR-3 | IC50 |
185 nM
Compound: G15
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Antagonist activity at GPR30 in human SKBr3 cells assessed as inhibition of G1-mediated calcium mobilization
Antagonist activity at GPR30 in human SKBr3 cells assessed as inhibition of G1-mediated calcium mobilization
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[PMID: 19430488] |
| SK-BR-3 | IC50 |
190 nM
Compound: G15
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Antagonist activity at GPR30 in human SKBr3 cells assessed as inhibition of E2-mediated calcium mobilization
Antagonist activity at GPR30 in human SKBr3 cells assessed as inhibition of E2-mediated calcium mobilization
|
[PMID: 19430488] |
G15 (0.1-10 μM; 2 days) inhibits GPER-mediated proliferation stimulated by 17β-estradiol (E2) in A549 and H1793 cell lines[1].
G15 (1 μM; 48 hours) inhibits the response of GPER stimulated by E2 and G1 in A549 and H1793 cell lines[1].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Cell Line:A549, H1793 cell lines
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Concentration:0.1, 1, 10 μM (combination with 10 nM E2)
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Incubation Time:2 days
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Result:Inhibited GPER-mediated proliferation stimulated by E2.
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Cell Line:A549, H1793 cell lines
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Concentration:1 μM (combination with 10 nM E2 and 10 nM G1)
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Incubation Time:48 hours
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Result:Inhibited the response of GPER stimulated by E2 and G1.
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Animal Model:Four-week-old female Kunming mice (Urethane-induced adenocarcinoma)[1]
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Dosage:1.46 mg/kg (combination with E2, 0.09 mg/kg and fulvestrant (Ful), 2.4 mg/kg)
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Administration:Subcutaneous injection; twice a week for 14 weeks
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Result:The number of tumor nodules decreased in the E2+Ful+G15 group.
| NCT Number | Sponsor | Condition | Start Date |
Phase
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT01329991 | Plexxikon| | 2011-05 | PHASE1 |
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 1161002-05-6
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 370.24
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Formula C19H16BrNO2
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Color White to off-white
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SMILES
BrC1=C([C@@H]2NC3=C(C=CC=C3)[C@@]4([H])[C@]2([H])CC=C4)C=C5OCOC5=C1
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
-20°C, protect from light
* In solvent : -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year (protect from light)
Publications (41)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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J Hazard Mater
Selenium restored mitophagic flux to alleviate cadmium-induced hepatotoxicity by inhibiting excessive GPER1-mediated mitophagy activation. [Abstract]2024 Jun 13:475:134855. PMID: 38880044 -
Environ Int
Neonicotinoid insecticides promote breast cancer progression via G protein-coupled estrogen receptor: In vivo, in vitro and in silico studies. [Abstract]2022 Dec:170:107568. PMID: 36240625 -
Cell Death Dis
Dehydroepiandrosterone exacerbates nigericin-induced abnormal autophagy and pyroptosis via GPER activation in LPS-primed macrophages. [Abstract]2022 Apr 19;13(4):372. PMID: 35440074
G15 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Death Dis. 2022 Apr 19;13(4):372. [Abstract]
J774A.1 cells were pre-treated with DHEA (50 μM) in the presence or absence of the GPER inhibitor G15 (1 μM) for 1 h, then stimulated with LPS for 4 h. The TLR4, p-ERK/ERK, LC3, p62, p-mTOR, and p-AMPK protein expression levels were measured by western blotting and quantified by Image J software.
G15 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Death Dis. 2022 Apr 19;13(4):372. [Abstract]
J774A.1 cells were pre-treated with G1 (1 μM) for 1 h, then stimulated with LPS for 4 h, and the indicated protein expression levels were measured by western blotting and quantified by Image J software.
G15 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Death Dis. 2022 Apr 19;13(4):372. [Abstract]
J774A.1 cells were pre-treated with DHEA (50 μM) in the presence or absence of the GPER inhibitor G15 (1 μM) for 1 h, then stimulated with LPS for 4 h, PI-positive dead cells in 5 randomly selected fluorescence microscope images were counted by Image J software, scale bar = 200 μm.
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Sci Total Environ
Triclocarban and triclosan promote breast cancer progression in vitro and in vivo via activating G protein-coupled estrogen receptor signaling pathways. [Abstract]2024 Jun 25:931:172782. PMID: 38679099 -
Environ Pollut
G protein-coupled estrogen receptor activation by bisphenol-A disrupts lipid metabolism and induces ferroptosis in the liver. [Abstract]2023 Oct 1:334:122211. PMID: 37454720 -
Environ Pollut
BPA modulates the WDR5/TET2 complex to regulate ERβ expression in eutopic endometrium and drives the development of endometriosis. [Abstract]2021 Jan 1;268(Pt B):115748. PMID: 33022573 -
Biochem Pharmacol
Gut microbiota-derived isoxanthohumol metabolite, 8-prenylnaringenin, mitigates endothelial dysfunction in Angiotensin II-induced hypertension through G protein-coupled estrogen receptor-mediated eNOS activation. [Abstract]2026 Apr:246:117728. PMID: 41571201 -
Biochem Pharmacol
Effects of G protein-coupled estrogen receptor on hydrogen sulfide production and cystathionine γ-lyase expression in human endothelial cells. [Abstract]2025 Sep 19;242(Pt 3):117354. PMID: 40976431 -
Biochem Pharmacol
G protein-coupled estrogen receptor regulates the KLF2-dependent eNOS expression by activating of Ca2+ and EGFR signaling pathway in human endothelial cells. [Abstract]2021 Oct:192:114721. PMID: 34363795 -
Chem Biol Interact
Benzotriazole ultraviolet stabilizers impair trophoblast function at nanomolar concentrations via GPER signaling: implications for placental health. [Abstract]2026 Jun 1:432:112055. PMID: 41865781 -
Chem Biol Interact
Fluornen-9-bisphenol increases Leydig cell proliferation but inhibits maturation in pubertal male rats via interacting with androgen receptor as an antagonist and estrogen receptor α as an agonist. [Abstract]2022 Aug 25:363:110024. PMID: 35764126 -
Life Sci
Genistein accelerates glucose catabolism via activation the GPER-mediated cAMP/PKA-AMPK signaling pathway in broiler chickens. [Abstract]2022 Aug 15:303:120676. PMID: 35640778 -
J Clin Endocrinol Metab
2021 Apr 23;106(5):1410-1426. PMID: 33524147 -
Int J Mol Sci
Estradiol and Raloxifene Protect Ovariectomized Mice from Acute Kidney Injury via G Protein-Coupled Estrogen Receptor-Mediated Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2/Heme Oxygenase-1 Activation. [Abstract]2026 Mar 27;27(7):3070. PMID: 41977254 -
J Nutr Biochem
Genistein maintains intestinal homeostasis in colitis mice via activating GPR30-Nrf2 signaling pathway. [Abstract]2025 Jul 18:145:110036. PMID: 40684867 -
Pharm Biol
Tongmai Yangxin pill alleviates myocardial no-reflow by activating GPER to regulate HIF-1α signaling and downstream potassium channels. [Abstract]2023 Dec;61(1):499-513. PMID: 36896463
G15 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Pharm Biol. 2023 Dec;61(1):499-513. [Abstract]
TMYX enhanced the dilation function of coronary microvessels in vitro, but this effect was inhibited by G-15.
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Int Immunopharmacol
GPER governs the immune infiltration of gastric cancer and activates the NF-κB/ROS/Apoptosis pathway in gastric mucosal epithelium. [Abstract]2023 Sep:122:110641. PMID: 37487261 -
Eur J Pharmacol
Estradiol reduced 5-HT reuptake by downregulating the gene expression of Plasma Membrane Monoamine Transporter (PMAT, Slc29a4) through estrogen receptor β and the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway. [Abstract]2022 Jun 5;924:174939. PMID: 35398393 -
J Cell Mol Med
17-β-Estradiol Protects Chondrocytes From Senescence and Ameliorates Osteoarthritis Progression via ERα-AKT-FOXO4 Pathway. [Abstract]2026 Feb;30(3):e71018. PMID: 41677002 -
Poult Sci
17β-estradiol mediates sex-biased progesterone receptor expression via estrogen receptor α in chicken pituitary. [Abstract]2025 Dec 5;105(1):106210. PMID: 41380332
G15 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Poult Sci. 2025 Dec 5;105(1):106210. [Abstract]
Effects of selective receptor agonists (PPT, DPN and G-1) treatment (3 h) on PGR expression, and antagonist (ICI and G15) treatment (3 h) on E2-upregulated PGR expression, in cultured pituitary cells from female chicks.
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Mediators Inflamm
G Protein-Coupled Receptor 30 Attenuates Neuronal Pyroptosis Induced by Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. [Abstract]2025 Jul 21:2025:3585885. PMID: 40726812 -
J Cell Physiol
17β-Estradiol mediates TGFBR3/Smad2/3 signaling to attenuate the fibrosis of TGF-β1-induced bovine endometrial epithelial cells via GPER. [Abstract]2024 Jan;239(1):166-179. PMID: 37991438 -
Front Mol Neurosci
The chronification mechanism of orofacial inflammatory pain: Facilitation by GPER1 and microglia in the rostral ventral medulla. [Abstract]2023 Jan 6:15:1078309. PMID: 36683848 -
Food Chem Toxicol
The environmental estrogen Bisphenol (A) enhances lung cancer progression in vitro and in vivo in presence of estradiol by targeting PI3k/Akt pathway. [Abstract]2026 Jun 2:215:116197. PMID: 42235672 -
Food Chem Toxicol
MEHP promotes breast cancer progression via GPR30-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition. [Abstract]2026 Jun:212:116049. PMID: 41780712 -
Metab Brain Dis
Genistein-3'-sodium sulfonate suppresses NLRP3-mediated cell pyroptosis after cerebral ischemia. [Abstract]2025 Jan 14;40(1):99. PMID: 39808354 -
Food Chem Toxicol
Bisphenol F blocks Leydig cell maturation and steroidogenesis in pubertal male rats through suppressing androgen receptor signaling and activating G-protein coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER1) signaling. [Abstract]2022 Sep:167:113268. PMID: 35803362 -
Biol Reprod
G protein-coupled estrogen receptor promotes acrosome reaction via regulation of Ca2+ signaling in mouse sperm. [Abstract]2022 Oct 11;107(4):1026-1034. PMID: 35774023 -
J Biochem Mol Toxicol
Estrogen Promotes the Proliferation and Migration of Endometrial Cancer Through the GPER-Mediated NOTCH Pathway. [Abstract]2025 Feb;39(2):e70129. PMID: 39878097 -
J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol
G protein-coupled estrogen receptor reduces the breast cancer cell survival by regulating the IRE1α/miR-17-5p/TXNIP pathway. [Abstract]2025 May 4:106770. PMID: 40328365 -
Neurosci Res
Ginsenoside Rb1, a principal effective ingredient of Panax notoginseng, produces pain antihypersensitivity by spinal microglial dynorphin A expression. [Abstract]2023 Mar:188:75-87. PMID: 36368461 -
Steroids
Exploration of interaction property between nonylphenol and G protein-coupled receptor 30 based on molecular simulation and biological experiments. [Abstract]2022 Dec:188:109114. PMID: 36154832 -
Exp Neurobiol
G protein-coupled Estrogen Receptor Activation Exerts Protective Effects via Modulating Brain and Gut NLRP3 Inflammasome in Parkinson's Disease. [Abstract]2025 Oct 31;34(5):200-213. PMID: 41152022 -
J Histotechnol
G protein-coupled receptor 30 activation protects hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury of liver tissue through inhibiting NLRP3 in the rat model. [Abstract]2021 Mar;44(1):27-36. PMID: 33210578 -
J Cardiothorac Surg
GPER1-mediated suppression of acute cellular rejection in murine cervical heart transplantation by estradiol. [Abstract]2025 Apr 17;20(1):208. PMID: 40247327 -
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Evid Based Complement Alternat Med
Shikonin Mediates Apoptosis through G Protein-Coupled Estrogen Receptor of Ovarian Cancer Cells. [Abstract]2022 Oct 5:2022:6517732. PMID: 36248433 -
J Cancer Ther
2022 Mar;13(3):117-130. PMID: 36311820 -
J Oncol
GPR30 Activation Promotes the Progression of Gastric Cancer and Plays a Significant Role in the Anti-GC Effect of Huaier. [Abstract]2022 Jan 19:2022:2410530. PMID: 35096058
Solvent & Solubility
DMSO : 41.67 mg/mL (112.55 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (5.62 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
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%DMSO +
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
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%+
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+%Tween-80 + +
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%Saline +
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO. Stock solution concentration: mg/mL. * In solvent : -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year (protect from light)
1. Take μL DMSO stock solution;
2. Add μL .
μL , mix evenly;
3. Then add μL Tween 80, mix evenly;
4. Then add μL
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (280 KB)
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SDS (762 KB)
- English - EN (762 KB)
- Français - FR (762 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (762 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (762 KB)
- Español - ES (762 KB)
- Swedish - SV (762 KB)
- Italian - IT (762 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (762 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Liu C, et al. G-Protein-Coupled Estrogen Receptor Antagonist G15 Decreases Estrogen-Induced Development of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Oncol Res. 2019 Feb 21;27(3):283-292 [Content Brief]
[2]. Girgert R, et al. Estrogen Signaling in ERα-Negative Breast Cancer: ERβ and GPER. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2019 Jan 9;9:781. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DMSO | 1 mM | 2.7010 mL | 13.5048 mL | 27.0095 mL | 67.5238 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.5402 mL | 2.7010 mL | 5.4019 mL | 13.5048 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2701 mL | 1.3505 mL | 2.7010 mL | 6.7524 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.1801 mL | 0.9003 mL | 1.8006 mL | 4.5016 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.1350 mL | 0.6752 mL | 1.3505 mL | 3.3762 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.1080 mL | 0.5402 mL | 1.0804 mL | 2.7010 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.0900 mL | 0.4502 mL | 0.9003 mL | 2.2508 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.0675 mL | 0.3376 mL | 0.6752 mL | 1.6881 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.0540 mL | 0.2701 mL | 0.5402 mL | 1.3505 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.0450 mL | 0.2251 mL | 0.4502 mL | 1.1254 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0338 mL | 0.1688 mL | 0.3376 mL | 0.8440 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0270 mL | 0.1350 mL | 0.2701 mL | 0.6752 mL |