Cat. No.: HY-15037

Diclofenac Sodium

(Synonyms: GP 45840)

24 Cited Publications

Customer Review

Based on 24 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Diclofenac Sodium (GP 45840) is a potent and nonselective anti-inflammatory agent, acts as a COX inhibitor, with IC₅₀s of 4 and 1.3 nM for human COX-1 and COX-2 in CHO cells, and 5.1 and 0.84 μM for ovine COX-1 and COX-2, respectively. Diclofenac Sodium induces apoptosis of neural stem cells (NSCs) via the activation of the caspase cascade.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Purity: 99.81%
CAS No.: 15307-79-6
Formula: C₁₄H₁₀Cl₂NNaO₂
Molecular Weight:318.13

Storage:

4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture

* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)

Diclofenac Sodium Chemical Structure

CAS No.: 15307-79-6

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Biological Activity
- Description
- IC₅₀ & Target
- Cellular Effect
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Chemical Information
Publications (24)
Solvent & Solubility
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Purity & Documentation
References
Help & FAQs
Bioz

Biological Activity

Description

Diclofenac Sodium (GP 45840) is a potent and nonselective anti-inflammatory agent, acts as a COX inhibitor, with IC₅₀s of 4 and 1.3 nM for human COX-1 and COX-2 in CHO cells^[1], and 5.1 and 0.84 μM for ovine COX-1 and COX-2, respectively^[2]. Diclofenac Sodium induces apoptosis of neural stem cells (NSCs) via the activation of the caspase cascade^[3].

IC₅₀ & Target^[1]^[2]

Human COX-2

1.3 nM (IC₅₀, in CHO cells)

Human COX-1

4 nM (IC₅₀, in CHO cells)

Ovine COX-2

0.84 μM (IC₅₀)

Ovine COX-1

5.1 μM (IC₅₀)

All COX Isoforms :

Cellular Effect

Cell Line	Type	Value	Description	References
Erythrocyte	EC₅₀	11.7 μg/mL Compound: Diclofenac sodium	Anti-inflammatory activity in human red blood cells assessed as stabilization of cell membrane Anti-inflammatory activity in human red blood cells assessed as stabilization of cell membrane	[PMID: 32485533]
HT-29	IC₅₀	137.1 μM Compound: Diclofenac sodium	Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by MTS assay Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by MTS assay	[PMID: 32485532]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	10.27 μM Compound: Diclofenac sodium	Inhibition of LPS-induced TNFalpha production in mouse RAW264.7 cells preincubated for 2 hrs followed by LPS stimulation and measured after 20 hrs by ELISA Inhibition of LPS-induced TNFalpha production in mouse RAW264.7 cells preincubated for 2 hrs followed by LPS stimulation and measured after 20 hrs by ELISA	[PMID: 33892270]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	12.19 μM Compound: Diclofenac sodium	Inhibition of LPS-induced 15(S)-HETE production in mouse RAW264.7 cells preincubated for 2 hrs followed by LPS stimulation and measured after 20 hrs by ELISA Inhibition of LPS-induced 15(S)-HETE production in mouse RAW264.7 cells preincubated for 2 hrs followed by LPS stimulation and measured after 20 hrs by ELISA	[PMID: 33892270]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	12.91 μM Compound: Diclofenac sodium	Inhibition of LPS-induced IL-6 production in mouse RAW264.7 cells preincubated for 2 hrs followed by LPS stimulation and measured after 20 hrs by ELISA Inhibition of LPS-induced IL-6 production in mouse RAW264.7 cells preincubated for 2 hrs followed by LPS stimulation and measured after 20 hrs by ELISA	[PMID: 33892270]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	25.51 μM Compound: Diclofenac sodium	Antioxidant activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced intracellular ROS production preincubated for 2 hrs followed by LPS stimulation and measured after 20 hrs by DCFH-DA staining based fluorescence analysis Antioxidant activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced intracellular ROS production preincubated for 2 hrs followed by LPS stimulation and measured after 20 hrs by DCFH-DA staining based fluorescence analysis	[PMID: 33892270]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	331 μM Compound: Diclofenac sodium	Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced NO production incubated for 24 hrs by Griess reagent based analysis Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced NO production incubated for 24 hrs by Griess reagent based analysis	[PMID: 38805684]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	36.28 μM Compound: Diclofenac sodium	Inhibition of LPS-induced NO production in mouse RAW264.7 cells preincubated for 2 hrs followed by LPS stimulation and measured after 20 hrs by DAF-FM based fluorescence analysis Inhibition of LPS-induced NO production in mouse RAW264.7 cells preincubated for 2 hrs followed by LPS stimulation and measured after 20 hrs by DAF-FM based fluorescence analysis	[PMID: 33892270]
THP-1	IC₅₀	200.9 μM Compound: Diclofenac sodium	Cytotoxicity against PMA/LPS-challenged human THP1 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by MTS assay Cytotoxicity against PMA/LPS-challenged human THP1 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by MTS assay	[PMID: 32485532]

In Vitro

Diclofenac effectively blocks COX-1 mediated prostanoid production from U937 cell microsomes, with an IC₅₀ of 7±3 nM^[1].
Diclofenac (1-60 μM; 1 day) induces neural stem cells (NSCs)death in a concentration-dependent manner^[3].
Diclofenac (10-60 μM; 6 hours) increases the expression of cleaved (activated) caspase-3^[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Cell Viability Assay^[3]

Cell Line:

Neural stem cells (NSCs)
Concentration:

1, 3, 10, 30, 60 μM
Incubation Time:

1 day
Result:

Induction of cell death was concentration-dependent and the effect was not saturated at a concentration of up to 60 μM.

Western Blot Analysis^[3]

Cell Line:

Neural stem cells (NSCs)
Concentration:

10, 30 or 60 μM
Incubation Time:

6 hours
Result:

The activation of caspase-3 was increased in a concentration-dependent manner.

In Vivo

Diclofenac (3 mg/kg, b.i.d., for 5 days) significantly increases faecal ⁵¹Cr excretion in rats, and such effect is also observed in squirrel monkeys after administrated of 1 mg/kg twice daily for 4 days^[1].
Diclofenac (10 mg/kg; administered via oral route just prior to induction of inflammation) shows in vivo anti-inflammatory activity in Wistar rats^[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model:

Male Sprague-Dawley rats (150±200 g)^[1]
Dosage:

3 mg/kg
Administration:

Oral administration, b.i.d., for 5 days
Result:

Resulted in a significant increase in faecal ⁵¹Cr excretion.

Animal Model:

Wistar rats (150-175 g) bearing Formalin-induced rat foot paw edema model^[2]
Dosage:

10 mg/kg
Administration:

Administered via oral route just prior to induction of inflammation
Result:

Showed in vivo anti-inflammatory activity (% edema inhibition=29.2, 1 h; 22.2, 3 h; 20, 6 h).

Chemical Information

CAS No. 15307-79-6
Appearance Solid
Molecular Weight 318.13
Formula C₁₄H₁₀Cl₂NNaO₂
Color White to off-white
SMILES

O=C(O[Na])CC1=CC=CC=C1NC2=C(Cl)C=CC=C2Cl
Synonyms

GP 45840
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage

4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture

* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)

Publications (24)

All Cell Proliferation/Viability AssayFlow CytometryWBCell Imaging/Staining

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Journal Impact Factor

Adv Funct Mater

2026 Feb 3.
J Hazard Mater

Microwave-assisted activated carbon from cocoa shell as adsorbent for removal of sodium diclofenac and nimesulide from aqueous effluents. [Abstract]

2015 May 30;289:18-27. PMID: 25702636
Biomater Res

Distinct Roles of Matrigel Enabled the Production of Expandable Hepatoblast and Polarized Hepatocyte Organoids from Human Embryonic Stem Cells under 3-Dimensional Suspension Conditions. [Abstract]

2025 Nov 7:29:0280. PMID: 41209312
Int J Biol Macromol

Reticuline isomerase AKR1B1 with aldo-keto reductase activity and detoxification function from the insect Blaps rhynchopetera. [Abstract]

2026 Mar:352:151224. PMID: 41791543
Chemosphere

Mass-balance-model-based evaluation of sewage treatment plant contribution to residual pharmaceuticals in environmental waters. [Abstract]

2019 Jun:225:378-387. PMID: 30884299
Emerg Contam

2026 Feb 23.
Cell Rep

Spatial proteomics identifies a CRTC-dependent viral signaling pathway that stimulates production of interleukin-11. [Abstract]

2025 Feb 7;44(2):115263. PMID: 39921859
Anal Chem

Exposome-Scale Investigation of Cl-/Br-Containing Chemicals Using High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry, Multistage Machine Learning, and Cloud Computing. [Abstract]

2025 Jun 3;97(21):11099-11109. PMID: 40401576
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf

PPARγ-responsive luciferase reporter system for high-throughput screening of chemical toxins with potential pulmonary fibrosis effects. [Abstract]

2025 Nov 15:307:119433. PMID: 41273832
Chem Biol Interact

Regulatory effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on cardiac ion channels Nav1.5 and Kv11.1. [Abstract]

2021 Apr 1:338:109425. PMID: 33617802
Int J Mol Sci

Diclofenac Sensitizes Signet Ring Cell Gastric Carcinoma Cells to Cisplatin by Activating Autophagy and Inhibition of Survival Signal Pathways. [Abstract]

2022 Oct 11;23(20):12066. PMID: 36292923

Diclofenac Sodium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Oct 11;23(20):12066. [Abstract]

KATOIII and KATO/DDP were treated with different concentration of Diclofenac (DCF) (0–1000 µM) for 48 h, and cell viability was assessed.

Diclofenac Sodium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Oct 11;23(20):12066. [Abstract]

The KATO/DDP cells were treated with Cisplatin alone or cisplatin in combination with Diclofenac (DCF) at 10 or 20 µM for 24 h, at 37 °C. The apoptosis cells were detected by using annexin V and PI staining and analyzed by flow cytometer.

Diclofenac Sodium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Oct 11;23(20):12066. [Abstract]

The combination effect of Diclofenac (DCF) (0, 5, 10, 20 μM) and Cisplatin on the expression of cleaved PARP in KATO/DDP cells was examined by Western blot analysis.

Diclofenac Sodium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Oct 11;23(20):12066. [Abstract]

The formation of autophagic vacuoles in KATO/DDP cells increased from 27% to 39% and 45% in cotreatments involving cisplatin and Diclofenac (DCF) at 10 and 20 μM, respectively, when compared with treatment of cisplatin alone.
J Phys Chem Solids

2017 October;109:117-123.
Cell Rep Methods

RECOVER identifies synergistic drug combinations in vitro through sequential model optimization. [Abstract]

2023 Oct 23;3(10):100599. PMID: 37797618
Pharm Res

Effect of Salt Form on Gelation and Drug Delivery Properties of Diclofenac-Loaded Poloxamer Gels for Delivery to Impaired Skin. [Abstract]

2022 Oct;39(10):2515-2527. PMID: 36002613
ACS Infect Dis

Diclofenac Sodium Restores the Sensitivity of Colistin-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria to Colistin. [Abstract]

2024 Aug 9;10(8):2860-2869. PMID: 39073350
Biotechnol Bioeng

An integrated biomimetic array chip for establishment of collagen-based 3D primary human hepatocyte model for prediction of clinical drug-induced liver injury. [Abstract]

2021 Dec;118(12):4687-4698. PMID: 34478150
J Pharm Biomed Anal

A validated UHPLC-MS/MS method for simultaneous determination of lumiracoxib and its hydroxylation and acyl glucuronidation metabolites in rat plasma: Application to a pharmacokinetic study. [Abstract]

2021 Jul 15:201:114105. PMID: 33991809
Phys Chem Chem Phys

Adsorption of sodium diclofenac on graphene: a combined experimental and theoretical study. [Abstract]

2016 Jan 21;18(3):1526-36. PMID: 26671178
Toxicol Mech Methods

Evaluation of 3D re-cellularized tissue engineering: a drug-induced hepatotoxicity model for hepatoprotectant research. [Abstract]

2019 Nov;29(9):654-664. PMID: 31345115
Arch Microbiol

Diclofenac sodium effectively inhibits the biofilm formation of Staphylococcus epidermidis. [Abstract]

2024 Jun 7;206(7):289. PMID: 38847838
Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet

Evaluation of an Ussing Chamber System Equipped with Rat Intestinal Tissues to Predict Intestinal Absorption and Metabolism in Humans. [Abstract]

2022 Sep;47(5):639-652. PMID: 35733077
Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

2025 Dec.
bioRxiv

2024 Apr 7.
Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul

2017 Nov.

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

DMSO : 125 mg/mL (392.92 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

H₂O : 10 mg/mL (31.43 mM; ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C)

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Preparing Stock Solutions

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Concentration Solvent Mass

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

Concentration

Solvent

Mass

1 mM

3.1434 mL

15.7168 mL

31.4337 mL

5 mM

0.6287 mL

3.1434 mL

6.2867 mL

10 mM

0.3143 mL

1.5717 mL

3.1434 mL

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

Molarity Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass Mass

Concentration Concentration

Volume Volume

Molecular Weight Molecular Weight

Dilution Calculator

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

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In Vivo:

Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly:

It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.

The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: PBS

Solubility: 4.55 mg/mL (14.30 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C

Purity & Documentation

Select Batch:

Purity: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Data Sheet (283 KB)
SDS (728 KB)
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- Portuguese - PT (728 KB)
COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Riendeau D, et al. Biochemical and pharmacological profile of a tetrasubstituted furanone as a highly selective COX-2 inhibitor. Br J Pharmacol. 1997 May;121(1):105-17. [Content Brief]

[2]. Labib MB, et al. Design, synthesis of novel isoindoline hybrids as COX-2 inhibitors: Anti-inflammatory, analgesic activities and docking study. Bioorg Chem. 2018 Oct;80:70-80. [Content Brief]

[3]. Chiho Kudo, et al. Diclofenac Inhibits Proliferation and Differentiation of Neural Stem Cells. Biochem Pharmacol. 2003 Jul 15;66(2):289-95. [Content Brief]

Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg
H₂O / DMSO	1 mM	3.1434 mL	15.7168 mL	31.4337 mL	78.5842 mL
	5 mM	0.6287 mL	3.1434 mL	6.2867 mL	15.7168 mL
	10 mM	0.3143 mL	1.5717 mL	3.1434 mL	7.8584 mL
	15 mM	0.2096 mL	1.0478 mL	2.0956 mL	5.2389 mL
	20 mM	0.1572 mL	0.7858 mL	1.5717 mL	3.9292 mL
	25 mM	0.1257 mL	0.6287 mL	1.2573 mL	3.1434 mL
	30 mM	0.1048 mL	0.5239 mL	1.0478 mL	2.6195 mL
DMSO	40 mM	0.0786 mL	0.3929 mL	0.7858 mL	1.9646 mL
	50 mM	0.0629 mL	0.3143 mL	0.6287 mL	1.5717 mL
	60 mM	0.0524 mL	0.2619 mL	0.5239 mL	1.3097 mL
	80 mM	0.0393 mL	0.1965 mL	0.3929 mL	0.9823 mL
	100 mM	0.0314 mL	0.1572 mL	0.3143 mL	0.7858 mL

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

Diclofenac Sodium

24 Cited Publications

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Diclofenac Sodium

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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Diclofenac Sodium

All COX Isoforms

Biological Activity

Chemical Information

Publications (24)

Solvent & Solubility

Purity & Documentation

References

Help & FAQs

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Diclofenac Sodium Related Classifications

Cat. No.: HY-15037