2. Immunology/Inflammation
  3. COX
  4. Isoxicam

Isoxicam is an orally active nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory compound and a COX-1/COX-2 inhibitor. Isoxicam exhibits potent anti-inflammatory activity in rat models of inflammation and significantly lower ulcerogenic risk. Isoxicam can be used for the study of inflammatory diseases and rheumatic disorders.

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Isoxicam

Isoxicam Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 34552-84-6

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Description

Isoxicam is an orally active nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory compound and a COX-1/COX-2 inhibitor. Isoxicam exhibits potent anti-inflammatory activity in rat models of inflammation and significantly lower ulcerogenic risk. Isoxicam can be used for the study of inflammatory diseases and rheumatic disorders[1][2].

IC50 & Target[1]

COX-1

 

COX-2

 

In Vivo

Isoxicam (W 8495) (6.25-50 mg/kg; p.o.) exhibits dose-dependent inhibition of carrageenin-induced paw edema in intact and adrenalectomized rats, with prolonged activity detectable up to 24 hours post-administration[2].
Isoxicam (0.391-50 mg/kg; p.o.; daily, alternate days; days 1-20, days 14-27) exhibits dose-dependent prophylactic and therapeutic anti-arthritic activity in adjuvant-induced polyarthritis in rats, with prolonged activity detectable after treatment cessation[2].
Isoxicam (125-1000 mg/kg; p.o.) has significantly lower gastric and intestinal ulcerogenic potential than comparator anti-inflammatory drugs, with gastric ulcer incidence ED50 252 mg/kg and intestinal ulcer incidence ED50 822 mg/kg, showing no mortality at tested doses[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model: Charles River (Sprague-Dawley derived) (male, 150 g); Charles River (Sprague-Dawley derived) adrenalectomized (male, 150 g, used 1 week post-operation, maintained on 0.9% saline or hydrocortisone acetate 0.25 mg/animal)[2]
Dosage: 6.25 mg/kg; 12.5 mg/kg; 25.0 mg/kg; 50.0 mg/kg
Administration: p.o.
Result: Inhibited carrageenin-induced rat paw edema by 4-45% at 6.25-50.0 mg/kg when dosed 1, 3, 19, or 24 hours before challenge.
Reduced edema by 24% at 25 mg/kg in adrenalectomized rats and by 65% when combined with hydrocortisone acetate.
Animal Model: Charles River-Lewis (male, 150 g)[2]
Dosage: 0.391 mg/kg; 1.56 mg/kg; 3.12 mg/kg; 6.25 mg/kg; 25.0 mg/kg; 50.0 mg/kg
Administration: p.o.; daily (days 1-20, days 14-27); alternate days (days 1-20, days 14-27)
Result: Improved body weight gain and reduced hind paw weight, thymus atrophy, and adrenal hypertrophy in a dose-dependent manner under daily prophylactic dosing at 1.56, 6.25, and 25.0 mg/kg.
Attenuated hind paw swelling and organ weight abnormalities under alternate-day prophylactic dosing at 1.56, 6.25, and 25.0 mg/kg.
Diminished body weight loss and hind paw edema under daily and alternate-day therapeutic dosing at 1.56, 6.25, and 25.0 mg/kg.
Retained significantly lower hind paw displacement than phenylbutazone at 6.25, 25, and 50 mg/kg on days 28, 35, and 42 after cessation of prophylactic dosing.
Maintained detectable plasma levels 37-42% lower at 48 h than at 24 h after alternate-day dosing at 6.25 and 25.0 mg/kg.
Showed no significant effects at 0.391 mg/kg in the prophylactic regimen.
Animal Model: Charles River (Sprague-Dawley derived) (male, 145-200 g, 24-hour fasted, gastric ulcer evaluation)
Charles River (Sprague-Dawley derived) (male, 180 g, intestinal ulcer evaluation)[2]
Dosage: 125 mg/kg; 250 mg/kg; 500 mg/kg; 1000 mg/kg
700 mg/kg; 800 mg/kg; 900 mg/kg; 1000 mg/kg
Administration: p.o.
Result: Induced gastric ulceration with 40% incidence at 125 mg/kg and 100% incidence at 1000 mg/kg, yielding gastric ulcer ED50 of 252 mg/kg and severity EDom of 333 mg/kg.
Produced intestinal ulceration with 17% incidence at 700 mg/kg and 100% incidence at 1000 mg/kg, yielding intestinal ulcer ED50 of 822 mg/kg and severity EDom of 1009 mg/kg.
Molecular Weight

335.34

Formula

C14H13N3O5S
CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

White to off-white

SMILES

O=C(C1=C(O)C2=CC=CC=C2S(N1C)(=O)=O)NC3=NOC(C)=C3
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years
4°C 2 years
In solvent -80°C 2 years
-20°C 1 year
Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : 3.33 mg/mL (9.93 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 2.9820 mL 14.9102 mL 29.8205 mL
5 mM 0.5964 mL 2.9820 mL 5.9641 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

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Purity & Documentation

Purity: 99.83%

SDS (393 KB)

COA (252 KB) HNMR (261 KB) LCMS (95 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
DMSO 1 mM 2.9820 mL 14.9102 mL 29.8205 mL 74.5512 mL
5 mM 0.5964 mL 2.9820 mL 5.9641 mL 14.9102 mL
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  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

Isoxicam34552-84-6COXCyclooxygenasecarrageenin-induced paw edemacyclooxygenase-1ratsadjuvant-induced polyarthritisLeu-531Tyr-387Ser-530Tyr-355Arg-120cyclooxygenase-2Inhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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