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VTA

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By Targets:	5-HT Receptor (5) AMPK (1) Dopamine Receptor (1) Fluorescent Dye (1) mAChR (1) mTOR (2) nAChR (1) Opioid Receptor (2) Potassium Channel (3) Small Interfering RNA (siRNA) (1) STAT (1) Trace Amine-associated Receptor (TAAR) (1)
By Research Areas:	Inflammation/Immunology (2) Metabolic Disease (8) Neurological Disease (14)
Oligonucleotides:	Human Pre-designed siRNA Sets (1) siRNAs (1)

Inhibitors & Agonists

Fluorescent Dyes

Oligonucleotides

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Areas	Chemical Structure

HY-13409

SB 242084 Maximum Cited Publications 6 Publications Verification	5-HT Receptor	Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease
SB 242084 is a selective, competitive and high-affinity (pK_i=9.0) 5-HT_2C receptor antagonist (crosses the blood-brain barrier). SB 242084 increases basal activity of dopaminergic neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) of the midbrain and dopamine release in the vomeronasal nucleus. SB 242084 also increases mitochondrial gene expression and oxidative metabolism via 5-HT_2A receptor. SB 242084 has good research potential in the negative symptoms of anxiety, depression and schizophrenia, as well as in acute organ damage .

HY-13409A

SB 242084 dihydrochloride Maximum Cited Publications 6 Publications Verification	5-HT Receptor	Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease
SB 242084 dihydrochloride is a selective, competitive and high-affinity (pK_i=9.0) 5-HT_2C receptor antagonist (crosses the blood-brain barrier). SB 242084 dihydrochloride increases basal activity of dopaminergic neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) of the midbrain and dopamine release in the vomeronasal nucleus. SB 242084 dihydrochloride also increases mitochondrial gene expression and oxidative metabolism via 5-HT_2A receptor. SB 242084 dihydrochloride has good research potential in the negative symptoms of anxiety, depression and schizophrenia, as well as in acute organ damage .

HY-121685A

Tipepidine hydrochloride 1 Publications Verification	Potassium Channel	Neurological Disease
Tipepidine hydrochloride reversibly inhibits dopamine (DA) D₂ receptor-mediated GIRK currents (I_DA(GIRK)) with an IC₅₀ of 7.0 μM. Tipepidine hydrochloride subsequently activates VTA dopamine neuron . Tipepidine hydrochloride, a non-narcotic antitussive, exerts an antidepressant-like effect .

HY-148502

VU6019650 2 Publications Verification	mAChR	Neurological Disease
VU6019650 is a potent and selective orthosteric antagonist of M5 mAChR (IC₅₀=36 nM), can be used for opioid use disorder (OUD) relief. VU6019650 can cross blood brain barrier, potentially modulates the mesolimbic dopaminergic reward circuitry. VU6019650 blocks Oxotremorine M iodide (HY-101372A) induced increases of neuronal firing rates of midbrain dopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) .

HY-147319

RTI-7470-44	Trace Amine-associated Receptor (TAAR)	Neurological Disease
RTI-7470-44 is a potent, selective and blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetrant human trace amine-associated receptor subtype 1 (hTAAR1) antagonist with an IC₅₀ value of 8.4 nM and a K_i value of 0.3 nM. RTI-7470-44 has moderate metabolic stability, and a favorable preliminary off-target profile. RTI-7470-44 can increase the spontaneous firing rate of mouse ventral tegmental area (VTA) dopaminergic neurons. RTI-7470-44 can be used for researching schizophrenia, agent addiction, and Parkinson’s disease (PD) .

HY-15691

PF-04455242	Opioid Receptor mTOR	Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease
PF-04455242 is an orally bioavailable, blood-brain barrier-permeable κ-opioid receptor (KOR) inhibitor. PF-04455242 blocks in vivo effects induced by KOR and MOR agonists, and elicits KOR-independent outward currents in ventral tegmental area neurons. PF-04455242 promotes energy expenditure and activates the hypothalamic mTOR pathway. PF-04455242 attenuates stress-induced behavioral effects and produces antidepressant-like effects. PF-04455242 can be used in studies related to pain, depression, addictive disorders, and obesity induced by estrogen withdrawal .

HY-171807

TC-2559 free base	nAChR STAT	Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology
TC-2559 free base is a α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) agonists with an EC₅₀ of 0.18 μM. TC-2559 free base shows much weaker potencies on the group of b4-containing nAChR subtypes, α2β4, α4β4 and α3β4 receptors, with EC₅₀s in the range of 10-30 µM. TC-2559 free base can increase the discharge of dopamine cells in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) of rats in vitro, enhancing the excitability and aggressive behavior of VTA dopamine neurons. TC-2559 free base inhibits STAT3 to exert anti-inflammatory properties and relieves mice mechanical allodynia and improve rats cognitive deficits. TC-2559 free base can be used for the study of nerve pain .

HY-121685

Tipepidine	Potassium Channel	Neurological Disease
Tipepidine reversibly inhibits dopamine (DA) D₂ receptor-mediated GIRK currents (I_DA(GIRK)) with an IC₅₀ of 7.0 μM. Tipepidine subsequently activates VTA dopamine neuron . Tipepidine, a non-narcotic antitussive, exerts an antidepressant-like effect .

HY-RS15720

VTA1 Human Pre-designed siRNA Set A	Small Interfering RNA (siRNA)	Others
VTA1 Human Pre-designed siRNA Set A contains three designed siRNAs for VTA1 gene (Human), as well as a negative control, a positive control, and a FAM-labeled negative control.

VTA1 Human Pre-designed siRNA Set A VTA1 Human Pre-designed siRNA Set A

HY-13409B

SB 242084 monohydrochloride	5-HT Receptor	Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease
SB 242084 monohydrochloride is a selective, competitive and high-affinity (pK_i=9.0) 5-HT_2C receptor antagonist (crosses the blood-brain barrier). SB 242084 monohydrochloride increases basal activity of dopaminergic neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) of the midbrain and dopamine release in the vomeronasal nucleus. SB 242084 also increases mitochondrial gene expression and oxidative metabolism via 5-HT_2A receptor. SB 242084 monohydrochloride has good research potential in the negative symptoms of anxiety, depression and schizophrenia, as well as in acute organ damage .

HY-13409AR

SB 242084 dihydrochloride (Standard)	5-HT Receptor	Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease
SB 242084 (dihydrochloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of SB 242084 (dihydrochloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. SB 242084 dihydrochloride is a selective, competitive and high-affinity (pKi=9.0) 5-HT2C receptor antagonist (crosses the blood-brain barrier). SB 242084 dihydrochloride increases basal activity of dopaminergic neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) of the midbrain and dopamine release in the vomeronasal nucleus. SB 242084 dihydrochloride also increases mitochondrial gene expression and oxidative metabolism via 5-HT2A receptor. SB 242084 dihydrochloride has good research potential in the negative symptoms of anxiety, depression and schizophrenia, as well as in acute organ damage .

HY-13409R

SB 242084 (Standard)	5-HT Receptor	Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease
SB 242084 (Standard) is the analytical standard of SB 242084. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. SB 242084 is a selective, competitive and high-affinity (pKi=9.0) 5-HT2C receptor antagonist (crosses the blood-brain barrier). SB 242084 increases basal activity of dopaminergic neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) of the midbrain and dopamine release in the vomeronasal nucleus. SB 242084 also increases mitochondrial gene expression and oxidative metabolism via 5-HT2A receptor. SB 242084 has good research potential in the negative symptoms of anxiety, depression and schizophrenia, as well as in acute organ damage .

HY-15691A

PF-4455242 hydrochloride	Opioid Receptor mTOR	Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease
PF-4455242 hydrochloride is an orally bioavailable, blood-brain barrier-permeable κ-opioid receptor (KOR) inhibitor. PF-4455242 hydrochloride blocks in vivo effects induced by KOR and MOR agonists, and elicits KOR-independent outward currents in ventral tegmental area neurons. PF-4455242 hydrochloride promotes energy expenditure and activates the hypothalamic mTOR pathway. PF-4455242 hydrochloride attenuates stress-induced behavioral effects and produces antidepressant-like effects. PF-4455242 hydrochloride can be used in studies related to pain, depression, addictive disorders, and obesity induced by estrogen withdrawal .

HY-D3420

Neuro-DiI	Fluorescent Dye	Neurological Disease
Neuro-DiI is a red retrograde Fluorescent tracer. Neuro-DiI is transported retrogradely to the cell bodies in the ventral tegmental area and labels ventral tegmental area neurons with red fluorescence .

HY-B2185

Tipepidine citrate	Dopamine Receptor Potassium Channel AMPK	Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology
Tipepidine citrate is a non-narcotic antitussive agent. Tipepidine citrate reversibly inhibits dopamine D₂ receptor-mediated GIRK current (I_DA(GIRK)), thereby activating VTA dopamine neurons, with an IC₅₀ of 7.0 μM for I_DA(GIRK). Tipepidine activates AMPK. Tipepidine citrate has antidepressant-like effects. Tipepidine citrate enhances the analgesic effect of Carbamazepine (HY-B0246). Tipepidine citrate improves adipose tissue fibrosis and glucose intolerance in high-fat diet-induced obese mice .

Neuro-DiI	Fluorescent Dyes
Neuro-DiI is a red retrograde Fluorescent tracer. Neuro-DiI is transported retrogradely to the cell bodies in the ventral tegmental area and labels ventral tegmental area neurons with red fluorescence .

VTA1 Human Pre-designed siRNA Set A		siRNAs Human Pre-designed siRNA Sets
VTA1 Human Pre-designed siRNA Set A contains three designed siRNAs for VTA1 gene (Human), as well as a negative control, a positive control, and a FAM-labeled negative control.

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BODIPY 493/503 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Commun. 2025 Feb 1;16(1):1241. [Abstract]

MedchemExpress Validation 01

Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature. Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature. Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.

BODIPY 493/503 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Commun. 2025 Feb 1;16(1):1241. [Abstract]

MedchemExpress Validation 01

MedchemExpress Validation 03

Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred

MedchemExpress Validation 04

MedchemExpress Validation

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