β-Aminopropionitrile hydrochloride
Based on 15 publication(s) in Google Scholar
β-Aminopropionitrile (BAPN) hydrochloride is a specific, irreversible and orally active lysyl oxidase (LOX) inhibitor. β-Aminopropionitrile hydrochloride targets the active site of LOX or LOXL isoenzymes.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity: 99.76%
- CAS No.: 646-03-7
- Formula: C3H7ClN2
- Molecular Weight:106.55
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Storage:
4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
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Solvent & Solubility
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) β-Aminopropionitrile hydrochloride
More- Exp Hematol Oncol. 2025 Aug 27;14(1):111. [Abstract]
- Redox Biol. 2024 Sep 7:76:103346. [Abstract]
- Environ Sci Technol. 2025 Mar 21. [Abstract]
- Dev Cell. 2025 Aug 5:S1534-5807(25)00448-4. [Abstract]
- Europace. 2026 Mar 30;28(4):euag047. [Abstract]
- Redox Rep. 2025 Dec;30(1):2598110. [Abstract]
- Cell Rep. 2025 Aug 12;44(8):116126. [Abstract]
- Commun Biol. 2025 Jul 5;8(1):1009. [Abstract]
- Inflammation. 2026 May 12.
- J Inflamm Res. 2025 Aug 22:18:11521-11538. [Abstract]
- Sci Rep. 2025 May 6;15(1):15762. [Abstract]
- Sci Rep. 2024 Apr 30;14(1):9960. [Abstract]
- Front Biosci (Landmark Ed). 2024 Nov 27;29(12):401. [Abstract]
- Rofo. 2026 May 6. [Abstract]
- bioRxiv. 2025 May 28.
Customer Validation & Images
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In Vivo Efficacy Study
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WB
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In Vivo Efficacy Study
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Cell Proliferation/Viability Assay
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Cell Migration/Invasion Assay
All Endogenous Metabolite Isoforms
More
Biological Activity
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Lysyl Oxidase |
β-Aminopropionitrile (BAPN) normalizes the expression of GLUT4 and adiponectin, and improves glucose uptake in an in vitro model of insulin resistance[1].
β-Aminopropionitrile (500 μM; 72 h) blocks the hypoxia-induced EMT morphological and marker protein changes, and inhibits invasion and migration capacities of cervical carcinoma cells in vitro[2].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Cell Line:3T3-L1 adipocytes
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Concentration:200 μM with 1.15 nM and 2.87 nM TNFα
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Incubation Time:72 h
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Result:TNFα reduced expression of GLUT4 and adiponectin, and increased SOCS3 protein levels in these cells. And these effects were prevented.
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Cell Line:HeLa and SiHa cells
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Concentration:500 μM
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Incubation Time:72 h
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Result:Significantly reduced hypoxia-elicited cell invasion in both cell models.
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Cell Line:HeLa and SiHa cells
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Concentration:500 μM
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Incubation Time:72 h
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Result:Decreased hypoxia-induced migration from 180 and 240% to 60 and 70% in HeLa and SiHa cells, respectively.
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Cell Line:HeLa and SiHa cells
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Concentration:500 μM
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Incubation Time:72 h
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Result:Effectively prevented hypoxia-induced downregulation of E-cadherin and strongly inhibited hypoxia-induced upregulation of α-SMA and vimentin.
β-Aminopropionitrile monofumarate (1 g/kg/day; p.o.; 4 weeks) induces thoracic aortic dissection in C57BL/6 mice[3].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Animal Model:Male Wistar rats of 150 g, high-fat diet (HFD) model[1]
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Dosage:100 mg/kg/day
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Administration:In the drinking water, 6 weeks
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Result:Significantly prevented the rise in body weight in HFD rats, but not in animals that were fed a standard diet. Reduced the increase in the weight of white adipose tissue (both epididymal and lumbar) in obese animals and attenuated their enhanced adiposity. Improved fasted glucose and insulin levels and consequently reduced HOMA index in the HFD group. Improved insulin signalling in adipose tissue from obese animals.
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Animal Model:C57BL/6 mice[3]
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Dosage:1 g/kg/day
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Administration:In the drinking water, 4 weeks
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Result:Induce thoracic aortic dissection (TAD) in all mice with 24 h of Ang II infusion. Caused 87% of C57BL/6 mice to develop TAD without Ang II.
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 646-03-7
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 106.55
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Formula C3H7ClN2
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Color White to light yellow
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SMILES
NCCC#N.Cl
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Synonyms
BAPN hydrochloride
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Structure Classification
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Initial Source
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)
Publications (15)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Exp Hematol Oncol
Extracellular matrix stiffness reduces DNA 6 ma level to facilitate colorectal cancer progression via disrupting P53 binding to CDKN1A promoter. [Abstract]2025 Aug 27;14(1):111. PMID: 40867005
β-Aminopropionitrile hydrochloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Exp Hematol Oncol. 2025 Aug 27;14(1):111. [Abstract]
The BAPN (50 mg/kg; once every two days for four weeks; ip) treatment process for orthotopic xenograft mice model.
β-Aminopropionitrile hydrochloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Exp Hematol Oncol. 2025 Aug 27;14(1):111. [Abstract]
Western blot of vimentin, E-cadherin, CDKN1A in PBS-treated xenografts and BAPN (50 mg/kg; once every two days for four weeks; ip) -treated xenografts, using GAPDH as a control.
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Redox Biol
LOX-mediated ECM mechanical stress induces Piezo1 activation in hypoxic-ischemic brain damage and identification of novel inhibitor of LOX. [Abstract]2024 Sep 7:76:103346. PMID: 39260063
β-Aminopropionitrile hydrochloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Redox Biol. 2024 Sep 7:76:103346. [Abstract]
Morphology of cerebral edema in sham, HIBD and BAPN intervention groups (100 mg/kg/ip/day) at 72 h post-surgery.
β-Aminopropionitrile hydrochloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Redox Biol. 2024 Sep 7:76:103346. [Abstract]
Cell viability of BAPN (500 nM)-treated OGD/R-induced HT22 cells at 0 h, 12 h and 24 h after reoxygenation.
β-Aminopropionitrile hydrochloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Redox Biol. 2024 Sep 7:76:103346. [Abstract]
Representative TEM images of mitochondrial morphology in BAPN (500 nM) -incubated HT22 cells under OGD/R-induced conditions. Green arrows indicate normally shaped mitochondria, black arrows indicate damaged mitochondria.
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Environ Sci Technol
Exposure to Sodium p-Perfluorous Nonenoxybenzenesulfonate Induces Renal Fibrosis in Mice by Disrupting Lysine Metabolism. [Abstract]2025 Mar 21. PMID: 40116701 -
Dev Cell
The extracellular-matrix-remodeling capability exposes therapeutic vulnerability in a subset of renal cell carcinomas with tumor thrombi. [Abstract]2025 Aug 5:S1534-5807(25)00448-4. PMID: 40774251 -
Europace
Fto-mediated m6A demethylation of Lox drives atrial fibrosis and promotes atrial fibrillation in a murine model of hyperthyroidism. [Abstract]2026 Mar 30;28(4):euag047. PMID: 41812233 -
Redox Rep
Verbascoside targets endothelial HIF-1α/ Lysyl oxidase signaling to attenuate glomerular injury in diabetic nephropathy. [Abstract]2025 Dec;30(1):2598110. PMID: 41355449 -
Cell Rep
The Nα-acetyl-L-lysine/Loxl2/H2O2 promotes intestinal tumor growth in Drosophila and cell proliferation in human colorectal cancer. [Abstract]2025 Aug 12;44(8):116126. PMID: 40811058 -
Commun Biol
Ursodeoxycholic acid alleviates aortic aneurysm and dissection through the intestinal farnesoid X receptor/ceramide synthase 2 axis. [Abstract]2025 Jul 5;8(1):1009. PMID: 40617906 -
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J Inflamm Res
Anti-PS IgG Immune Complexes Impair Macrophage Phagocytosis in SLE via LOX-Dependent Oxidative Stress. [Abstract]2025 Aug 22:18:11521-11538. PMID: 40873781 -
Sci Rep
Pharmacological alternatives to oxytetracycline as potential treatment of flexural limb deformities in foals: a preliminary in vitro cell viability and proliferation study. [Abstract]2025 May 6;15(1):15762. PMID: 40328831 -
Sci Rep
2024 Apr 30;14(1):9960. PMID: 38693222 -
Front Biosci (Landmark Ed)
Effects of Extracellular Matrix Changes Induced by a High-Fat Diet on Gallbladder Smooth Muscle Dysfunction. [Abstract]2024 Nov 27;29(12):401. PMID: 39735983 -
Rofo
Characterization of Aortic Degeneration and Inflammatory Profiles in Porcine Models of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm. [Abstract]2026 May 6. PMID: 42091050 -
Solvent & Solubility
DMSO : 100 mg/mL (938.53 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (23.46 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (23.46 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
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%DMSO +
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
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%+
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+%Tween-80 + +
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%Saline +
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO. Stock solution concentration: mg/mL. * In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)
1. Take μL DMSO stock solution;
2. Add μL .
μL , mix evenly;
3. Then add μL Tween 80, mix evenly;
4. Then add μL
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (279 KB)
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SDS (480 KB)
- English - EN (480 KB)
- Français - FR (480 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (480 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (480 KB)
- Español - ES (480 KB)
- Swedish - SV (480 KB)
- Italian - IT (480 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (480 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Miana M, et al. The lysyl oxidase inhibitor β-aminopropionitrile reduces body weight gain and improves the metabolic profile in diet-induced obesity in rats. Dis Model Mech. 2015 Jun;8(6):543-51. [Content Brief]
[2]. Yang X, et al. Inactivation of lysyl oxidase by β-aminopropionitrile inhibits hypoxia-induced invasion and migration of cervical cancer cells. Oncol Rep. 2013 Feb;29(2):541-8. [Content Brief]
[3]. Ren W, et al. β-Aminopropionitrile monofumarate induces thoracic aortic dissection in C57BL/6 mice. Sci Rep. 2016 Jun 22;6:28149. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DMSO | 1 mM | 9.3853 mL | 46.9263 mL | 93.8526 mL | 234.6316 mL |
| 5 mM | 1.8771 mL | 9.3853 mL | 18.7705 mL | 46.9263 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.9385 mL | 4.6926 mL | 9.3853 mL | 23.4632 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.6257 mL | 3.1284 mL | 6.2568 mL | 15.6421 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.4693 mL | 2.3463 mL | 4.6926 mL | 11.7316 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.3754 mL | 1.8771 mL | 3.7541 mL | 9.3853 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.3128 mL | 1.5642 mL | 3.1284 mL | 7.8211 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.2346 mL | 1.1732 mL | 2.3463 mL | 5.8658 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.1877 mL | 0.9385 mL | 1.8771 mL | 4.6926 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.1564 mL | 0.7821 mL | 1.5642 mL | 3.9105 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.1173 mL | 0.5866 mL | 1.1732 mL | 2.9329 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0939 mL | 0.4693 mL | 0.9385 mL | 2.3463 mL |
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