3-Bromopyruvic acid (Synonyms: Bromopyruvic acid; 3-BrPA; Hexokinase II Inhibitor II, 3-BP)

Name: 3-Bromopyruvic acid
Brand: MedChemExpress
SKU: HY-19992
Rating: 5.0 (32 reviews)

Cat. No.: HY-19992 Purity: 98.0%: Data Sheet
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3-Bromopyruvate (Bromopyruvic acid) is an analogue of pyruvate and a potent hexokinase (HK)-II inhibitor with high tumor selectivity. 3-Bromopyruvate inhibits cell growth and induces apoptosis through interfering with glycolysis. 3-Bromopyruvate induces autophagy by stimulating ROS formation in breast cancer cells. Antimicrobial activities.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

CAS No. : 1113-59-3

Size	Stock	Quantity
Solid + Solvent (Highly Recommended)
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO ready for reconstitution	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
Solution
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
Solid
500 mg	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
1 g	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
5 g	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
10 g	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
25 g	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
50 g	Get quote

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Based on 32 publication(s) in Google Scholar

32 Publications Citing Use of MCE 3-Bromopyruvic acid

IHC

: 3-Bromopyruvic acid purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Chem Eng J. 2025 Mar 1.; Representative TEM images showed that IR780/3BP@PLGA and CSIR780/3BP@PLGA (Groups 4 and 6, 1 mg/mL PLGA concentration) nanoparticles presented a spherical structure.

: 3-Bromopyruvic acid purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Death Dis. 2025 Mar 17;16(1):182. [Abstract]; Co-IP was performed to clarify the relationship between HK2 and HMGCS1 binding with p62 when added in 10 μM 3-BrPA (3-Bromopyruvic acid) in KLE cells.

: 3-Bromopyruvic acid purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Bone Res. 2024 Aug 28;12(1):49. [Abstract]; Immunoblots of the pre-proenzyme and active CTSK levels in osteoclasts treated with 2DG (1 μM), FCCP (1 μM), Rotenone (100 nmol/L) or 3-BrPA (3-Bromopyruvic acid, 1 μM) for 10 h. The MMP-9 and CTSB expression levels were also detected. DMSO-treated osteoclasts were used as controls.

: 3-Bromopyruvic acid purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Bone Res. 2024 Aug 28;12(1):49. [Abstract]; Immunofluorescence staining to show the CTSK expression level in osteoclasts that were treated with Oligomycin A (10 nM), Rotenone (100 nM), FCCP (1 μM), 2DG (1 μM) or 3BrPA (3-Bromopyruvic acid, 1 μM) for 6 h.

: 3-Bromopyruvic acid purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Int J Biol Macromol. 2024 Oct 30:137070. [Abstract]; 3-BPA (3-Bromopyruvic acid) at concentrations from 1.1 to 10 μM and GSK at concentrations from 3.3 to 30 μM inhibited ASFV replication in a dose-dependent manner, indicating that glycolysis inhibition leads to suppression of ASFV replication in PAMs.

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Description

Cellular Effect

Cell Line	Type	Value	Description	References
A549	GI₅₀	25 μM Compound: 3-BP	Growth inhibition of human A549 cells expressing MCT1 incubated for 72 hrs by MTT assay Growth inhibition of human A549 cells expressing MCT1 incubated for 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 36584238]

In Vitro

3-Bromopyruvate enhances TRAIL-induced apoptosis in breast cancer cells^[2].
3-Bromopyruvate (Bromopyruvic acid), a hexokinase II inhibitor, can induce apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells by inducing endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress^[2].
3-Bromopyruvate inhibits ATP generation and upregulates the expression of DR5. 3-Bromopyruvate upregulates CHOP, GRP78 and the phosphorylation of AMPK and augments TRAIL-induced Bax and caspase-3 levels^[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Cell Viability Assay^[2]

Cell Line:	MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells
Concentration:	40, 80, 160 or 320 µM
Incubation Time:	24 hours
Result:	3-Bromopyruvate (80 and 160 µmol/l) and TRAIL (400 ng/ml) significantly inhibited cell viability.

In Vivo

3-Bromopyruvate (8 mg/kg; i.p.; every 4 days for 28 days) shows a synergistic antitumor effect in MCF-7 cell xenografts in nude mice^[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model:	Female nude mice (BALB/c; 4-5-weeks old and 18-20 g)^[2]
Dosage:	8 mg/kg
Administration:	I.p.; every 4 days for 28 days
Result:	Showed antitumor efficacy in tumor xenografts.

Molecular Weight

166.96

Formula

C₃H₃BrO₃

CAS No.

1113-59-3

Appearance

Solid

Color

Off-white to light yellow

SMILES

O=C(O)C(CBr)=O

Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

H₂O : 175 mg/mL (1048.16 mM; Need ultrasonic)

DMSO : 100 mg/mL (598.95 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Preparing
Stock Solutions

Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg

1 mM	5.9895 mL	29.9473 mL	59.8946 mL
5 mM	1.1979 mL	5.9895 mL	11.9789 mL
10 mM	0.5989 mL	2.9947 mL	5.9895 mL

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

Molarity Calculator
Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C₁V₁ = C₂V₂

Concentration _(start)

Volume _(start)

Concentration _(final)

Volume _(final)

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (14.97 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (14.97 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
Protocol 3

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (14.97 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly. It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: PBS
Solubility: 100 mg/mL (598.95 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Calculation results:

Working solution concentration: mg/mL

This product has good water solubility, please refer to the measured solubility data in water/PBS/Saline for details.

The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only.If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).

Purity & Documentation

Purity: 98.0%

Select Batch:

Data Sheet (276 KB) SDS (476 KB)

COA (245 KB) HNMR (212 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Gan L, et al. Synergistic Effect of 3-Bromopyruvate in Combination with Rapamycin Impacted Neuroblastoma Metabolism by Inhibiting Autophagy. Onco Targets Ther. 2020;13:11125-11137. Published 2020 Oct 29. [Content Brief]

[2]. Chen Y, et al. 3 Bromopyruvate sensitizes human breast cancer cells to TRAIL induced apoptosis via the phosphorylated AMPK mediated upregulation of DR5. Oncol Rep. 2018;40(5):2435-2444. [Content Brief]

[3]. Zhang Q, et al. Hexokinase II inhibitor, 3-BrPA induced autophagy by stimulating ROS formation in human breast cancer cells. Genes Cancer. 2014;5(3-4):100-112. [Content Brief]

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg

DMSO / H₂O	1 mM	5.9895 mL	29.9473 mL	59.8946 mL	149.7365 mL
	5 mM	1.1979 mL	5.9895 mL	11.9789 mL	29.9473 mL
	10 mM	0.5989 mL	2.9947 mL	5.9895 mL	14.9736 mL
	15 mM	0.3993 mL	1.9965 mL	3.9930 mL	9.9824 mL
	20 mM	0.2995 mL	1.4974 mL	2.9947 mL	7.4868 mL
	25 mM	0.2396 mL	1.1979 mL	2.3958 mL	5.9895 mL
	30 mM	0.1996 mL	0.9982 mL	1.9965 mL	4.9912 mL
	40 mM	0.1497 mL	0.7487 mL	1.4974 mL	3.7434 mL
	50 mM	0.1198 mL	0.5989 mL	1.1979 mL	2.9947 mL
	60 mM	0.0998 mL	0.4991 mL	0.9982 mL	2.4956 mL
	80 mM	0.0749 mL	0.3743 mL	0.7487 mL	1.8717 mL
	100 mM	0.0599 mL	0.2995 mL	0.5989 mL	1.4974 mL

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

3-Bromopyruvic acid Related Classifications

Help & FAQs

Do most proteins show cross-species activity?
Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

3-Bromopyruvic acid1113-59-3Bromopyruvic acid 3-BrPA Hexokinase II Inhibitor II, 3-BPHexokinaseApoptosisAutophagyanaloguepyruvateglycolysisERstressMCF-7MDA-MB-231cellsInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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3-Bromopyruvic acid (Synonyms: Bromopyruvic acid; 3-BrPA; Hexokinase II Inhibitor II, 3-BP)

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3-Bromopyruvic acid Related Antibodies

32 Publications Citing Use of MCE 3-Bromopyruvic acid

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3-Bromopyruvic acid Related Antibodies

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Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

3-Bromopyruvic acid Related Classifications

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