2. Apoptosis Autophagy
  3. Apoptosis Autophagy
  4. Sanguinarine

Sanguinarine  (Synonyms: Sanguinarin; Sanguinarium; Pseudochelerythrine)

Cat. No.: HY-N0052
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Sanguinarine (Sanguinarin), a benzophenanthridine alkaloid derived from the root of Sanguinaria Canadensis, can stimulate apoptosis via activating the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Sanguinarine-induced apoptosis is associated with the activation of JNK and NF-κB.

At equivalent molar concentrations, both the salt and free forms of a compound exhibit comparable biological activity. Nevertheless, the salt form (Sanguinarine chloride) usually boasts enhanced water solubility and stability.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

CAS No. : 2447-54-3

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Other Forms of Sanguinarine:

Sanguinarine Related Antibodies

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

    Sanguinarine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Am J Chin Med. 2025;53(5):1545-1571.  [Abstract]

    MKN-45 and MFC cells were treated with different concentration of Sanguinarin chloride (0, 0.01, 0.1, 10, 100 μM) for 24h, and cell viability was measured by CCK-8 assays.

    Sanguinarine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Am J Chin Med. 2025;53(5):1545-1571.  [Abstract]

    Cell viability was measured in MKN-45 and MFC cells treated with Sanguinarin chloride (2 μM) with Fer-1 (10 μM), Z-VAD (10 μM), or Nec-1 (10 μM) for 24h.

    Sanguinarine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Am J Chin Med. 2025;53(5):1545-1571.  [Abstract]

    MKN-45 and MFC cells were treated with Sanguinarin chloride (2 μM) for 24 h. MDA level was detected by MDA assay kit.

    Sanguinarine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Am J Chin Med. 2025;53(5):1545-1571.  [Abstract]

    Prediction of Sanguinarin chloride-targeted genes, GC-related proteins, and ferroptosis driver genes, respectively. Two overlapping proteins are displayed.

    Sanguinarine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Am J Chin Med. 2025;53(5):1545-1571.  [Abstract]

    GETSA was performed after 24h of Sanguinarin chloride (2 μM) action, and the protein stability of NOS2 was examined by western at 40-80℃.

    Sanguinarine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Am J Chin Med. 2025;53(5):1545-1571.  [Abstract]

    Cell lysates were incubated with Sanguinarin chloride (2 μM, 5 μM, 10 μM), digested with PronaseE, the reaction was terminated by the addition of allozyme inhibitor, and the protein level of NOS2 was detected by western.

    Sanguinarine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Am J Chin Med. 2025;53(5):1545-1571.  [Abstract]

    ROS level in MKN-45 and MFC cells transfected with NOS2 or siNOS2 incubated with Sanguinarin chloride was detected by DCFH-DA.

    • Biological Activity

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    • Purity & Documentation

    • References

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    Description

    Sanguinarine (Sanguinarin), a benzophenanthridine alkaloid derived from the root of Sanguinaria Canadensis, can stimulate apoptosis via activating the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Sanguinarine-induced apoptosis is associated with the activation of JNK and NF-κB.

    IC50 & Target

    Apoptosis[1]
    Cellular Effect
    Cell Line Type Value Description References
    A2780/Taxol IC50
    0.4 μM
    Compound: 4
    Antiproliferative activity against human A2780T cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by CCK-8 assay
    Antiproliferative activity against human A2780T cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by CCK-8 assay
    		[PMID: 39213483]
    A549 IC50
    610 nM
    Compound: 1
    Growth inhibition of human A549 cells measured every 2 hrs over 6 days by live cell imaging based method
    Growth inhibition of human A549 cells measured every 2 hrs over 6 days by live cell imaging based method
    		[PMID: 28621943]
    A549/TR IC50
    0.4 μM
    Compound: 4
    Antiproliferative activity against human A549/Taxol cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by CCK-8 assay
    Antiproliferative activity against human A549/Taxol cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by CCK-8 assay
    		[PMID: 39213483]
    K562 IC50
    2 μM
    Compound: Sanguinarine
    Inhibition of NF-kappaB transactivation in TNF-alpha-stimulated human K562 cells preincubated for 2 hrs followed by TNF-alpha challenge measured after 6 hrs by dual luciferase reporter gene assay
    Inhibition of NF-kappaB transactivation in TNF-alpha-stimulated human K562 cells preincubated for 2 hrs followed by TNF-alpha challenge measured after 6 hrs by dual luciferase reporter gene assay
    		[PMID: 24775915]
    LoVo IC50
    0.4 μM
    Compound: 4
    Antiproliferative activity against human LoVo cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by CCK-8 assay
    Antiproliferative activity against human LoVo cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by CCK-8 assay
    		[PMID: 39213483]
    MKN-45 IC50
    1.51 μM
    Compound: Sanguinarine
    Cytotoxicity against human MKN45 cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay
    Cytotoxicity against human MKN45 cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay
    		[PMID: 27887841]
    NB-4 IC50
    0.53 μM
    Compound: Sanguinarine
    Cytotoxicity against human NB4 cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay
    Cytotoxicity against human NB4 cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay
    		[PMID: 27887841]
    PC-3 IC50
    0.4 μM
    Compound: 4
    Antiproliferative activity against human PC-3 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by CCK-8 assay
    Antiproliferative activity against human PC-3 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by CCK-8 assay
    		[PMID: 39213483]
    In Vitro

    Sanguinarine (SANG)-induced apoptosis is associated with the activation of JNK and NF-κB signal pathways.To determine the effects of Sanguinarine on cell viability, 22B-cFluc cells are stimulated with different concentrations of Sanguinarine for 24 h, and then a CKK-8 assay is performed. The treatment with Sanguinarine decreases the proliferation of 22B cells in a dose-dependent manner. Meanwhile, the cytosolic extracts of 22B-cFluc cells treated with different dose of Sanguinarine are measured to detect cellular caspase-3 activity using Ac-DEVD-pNA, which is a validated caspase-3 substrate. The absorbance at 450 nm increases in a dose-dependent manner, indicating increased caspase-3 activity stimulated by Sanguinarine[1].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    Sanguinarine Related Antibodies
    In Vivo

    To evaluate the apoptosis induced by Sanguinarine (SANG) in vivo, 22B-cFluc cells are inoculated subcutaneously into one flank of nude mice and xenograft models are allowed to establish. Mice are treated intravenously with 10 mg/kg of Sanguinarine. At 24, 48 and 72 h after treatment, bioluminescent imaging is performed after i.p. injection of mice with 150 mg/kg of D-luciferin substrate. Sanguinarine treatment induces an obvious increase of luminescent signal as early as 48 h after initial treatment. A sustained bioluminescent imaging (BLI) intensity increased is observed throughout the course of experiment. At 72 h after treatment, the tumors are collected and subjected to TUNEL staining for evaluating apoptosis. Compared with the control tumors, the group treated with Sanguinarine exhibits significantly more cell apoptosis, indicated by the increased green signals from the sporadic apoptotic cells[1].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
    Molecular Weight

    332.33

    Formula

    C20H14NO4+
    CAS No.
    SMILES

    C[N+]1=CC2=C3C(OCO3)=CC=C2C(C=CC4=C5)=C1C4=CC6=C5OCO6
    Structure Classification
    Initial Source
    Shipping

    Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
    Storage

    Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.
    Purity & Documentation
    References
    Kinase Assay
    [1]

    The caspase-3 activity is measured using a caspase-3 activity assay kit. Briefly, the cells treated by different concentrations of Sanguinarine (0.5 μM, 1 μM, 2 μM, 4 μM) or control DMSO are collected, washed and lysed in a lysis buffer for 30 min on ice. The supernatants are then collected by centrifuging at 1,2000 rpm for 10 min. The Ac-DEVD-pNA (2 mM) is added to each sample and incubated at 37°C for 1 h. The optical density (OD) of each sample is finally quantified at a wavelength of 405 nm using a spectrophotometer. The p-NA standard is used to calibrate the caspase-3 activity of each sample[1].

    MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
    Cell Assay
    [1]

    The cell viability of Sanguinarine is determined by CCK-8 assay using a cell counting kit-8. Briefly, 22B-cFluc cells are seeded in a 96-well plate (5×103 cells/well) and treated with different concentrations of Sanguinarine (0.5 μM, 1 μM, 2 μM, 4 μM) for 24 h. Then 10 mL CKK-8 is added to each well for 4 h and the absorbance at 450 nm is measured with a microplate reader. The optical density (OD) values are determined to reflect the viable cell populations from each well[1].

    MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
    Animal Administration
    [1]

    Mice[1]
    Xenografted tumor models are prepared by injection of 1×107 22B-cFluc cells suspended in PBS into nude mouse (n=6). After tumors reach a volume of approximately 100 mm3, Sanguinarine (10 mg/kg) is i.v. injected into mice. After injection for 24 h, 48 h and 72 h, mice are given a single i.p. dose of 150 mg/kg D-luciferin and bioluminescence imaging are performed using a Xenogen Lumina II system. The signal intensity in the region of interest is expressed using the Living Image software 4.1. For the anti-tumor therapy studies, one group of tumor-bearing mice (n=6) receive intravenously 10 mg/kg of Sanguinarine every other day throughout the experimental period, while the control group of mice (n=6) receive DMSO only. Tumor growth measurement is calculated[1].

    MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
    References
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    Sanguinarine Related Classifications

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    Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

    This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

    Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
    × = ×
    C1   V1   C2   V2
    Help & FAQs
    • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

      Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

    Keywords:

    Sanguinarine2447-54-3Sanguinarin Sanguinarium PseudochelerythrineApoptosisAutophagyInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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