Atenolol
Based on 21 publication(s) in Google Scholar
Atenolol ((RS)-Atenolol) is a cardioselective β1-adrenergic receptor blocker, with a Ki of 697 nM at β1-adrenoceptor in guine pig left ventricle membrane. Atenolol can be used for the research of hypertension and angina pectoris.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity: 98.85%
- CAS No.: 29122-68-7
- Formula: C14H22N2O3
- Molecular Weight:266.34
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Storage:Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 1 year , -20°C, 6 months
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
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Solvent & Solubility
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Help & FAQs
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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Atenolol
More- Immunity. 2026 Mar 10;59(3):598-617.e11. [Abstract]
- Adv Sci (Weinh). 2025 Oct 6:e04817. [Abstract]
- Protein Cell. 2019 Mar;10(3):178-195. [Abstract]
- Chemosphere. 2019 Jun:225:378-387. [Abstract]
- Emerg Contam. 2026 Feb 23.
- J Med Chem. 2021 Mar 11;64(5):2725-2738. [Abstract]
- Biochem Pharmacol. 2025 Nov 29:244:117576. [Abstract]
- Commun Biol. 2025 Mar 22;8(1):481. [Abstract]
- Bioresour Technol Rep. 2023 Dec, 24, 101619.
- ACS Omega. 2022 Aug 8;7(32):27950-27958. [Abstract]
- Front Cell Dev Biol. 2022 Apr 20;10:889656. [Abstract]
- Sci Rep. 2025 Dec 1;15(1):42891. [Abstract]
- Clean Technol Environ Policy. 2025 May 22.
- J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2021 Feb 20:195:113870. [Abstract]
- J Therm Biol. 2024 Jul 2:123:103906. [Abstract]
- Pflugers Arch. 2021 Oct;473(10):1641-1655. [Abstract]
- Pharmacol Res Perspect. 2021 Oct;9(5):e00879. [Abstract]
- Pharmacol Res Perspect. 2020 Apr;8(2):e00575. [Abstract]
- BMC Ophthalmol. 2021 Dec 5;21(1):419. [Abstract]
- Res Sq. 2025 Sep 9.
- Research Square Preprint. 2022 Mar.
Customer Validation & Images
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Cell Proliferation/Viability Assay
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Bio/Physico-chemical Assay
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Flow Cytometry
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WB
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Cell Imaging/Staining
All Adrenergic Receptor Isoforms
More
Biological Activity
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Beta-1 adrenergic receptor 697 nM (Ki) |
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Cell Line
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Type | Value | Description | References |
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| A-375 | IC50 |
>100 μM
Compound: Atenolol
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Antiproliferative activity against human A375 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay
Antiproliferative activity against human A375 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay
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[PMID: 32216987] |
| HEK293 | IC50 |
2.1 x 10-7 M
Compound: Atenolol
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Displacement of [3H](-)CGP12177 from human recombinant Beta-1 adrenergic receptor expressed in HEK293 cells
Displacement of [3H](-)CGP12177 from human recombinant Beta-1 adrenergic receptor expressed in HEK293 cells
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[PMID: 26988801] |
| HEK293 | IC50 |
2.1 x 10-7 M
Compound: Atenolol
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Displacement of [3H]CGP 12177 from human recombinant beta1 adrenergic receptor expressed in HEK293 cells measured after 60 mins by scintillation counting method
Displacement of [3H]CGP 12177 from human recombinant beta1 adrenergic receptor expressed in HEK293 cells measured after 60 mins by scintillation counting method
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[PMID: 27876250] |
| HEK293 | IC50 |
2.1 x 10-1 μM
Compound: Atenolol
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Displacement of [3H]CGP 12177 from human recombinant beta1 adrenergic receptor expressed in HEK293 cells measured after 60 mins by scintillation counting method
Displacement of [3H]CGP 12177 from human recombinant beta1 adrenergic receptor expressed in HEK293 cells measured after 60 mins by scintillation counting method
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[PMID: 27876250] |
| SK-MEL-28 | IC50 |
>100 μM
Compound: Atenolol
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Antiproliferative activity against human SK-MEL-28 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay
Antiproliferative activity against human SK-MEL-28 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay
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[PMID: 32216987] |
| SK-MEL-5 | IC50 |
>100 μM
Compound: Atenolol
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Antiproliferative activity against human SK-MEL-5 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay
Antiproliferative activity against human SK-MEL-5 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay
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[PMID: 32216987] |
Atenolol (1-100 μM, 5 h) strengthenes the inhibitory effect on cell migration of rat aortic smooth muscle cells when combinated with Nifedipine (HY-B0284) (1-100μM)[3].
Atenolol (50-150 μM, 24 h) decreases the cell surival of Hem-ECs in a dose-dependent manner[4].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Cell Line:Rat aortic smooth muscle cells
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Concentration:1-100 μM
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Incubation Time:48-72 h
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Result:Inhibited cell proliferation (-20%) when incubation lasted 72 h at 100 μM.
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Cell Line:Rat aortic smooth muscle cells
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Concentration:1-100 μM
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Incubation Time:5 h
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Result:Inhibited myocyte migration induced by fibrinogen in a dose-dependent manner.
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Cell Line:Hemangioma-derived ECs (Hem-ECs)
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Concentration:100 μM
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Incubation Time:6 h
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Result:Increased LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ ratio and decreased p62.
Atenolol (6 mg/kg, p.o., one time) combinated with Nifedipine (HY-B0284) prevents ZD6126-induced cardiac necrosis and increases plasma troponin T levels[6].
Atenolol (40 mg/kg, p.o., daily, 6 weeks) increased plasma membrane β1- and β2- adrenoceptors density in rats[7].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Animal Model:2K1C renovascular hypertensive rats [5]
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Dosage:5-20 mg/kg (single; combination with Amlodipine (HY-B0317) (0.5-2 mg/kg))
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Administration:i.g., one time
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Result:Reduced the average blood oressure (BP) levels within 24 h after administration when treated with Atenolol and Amlodipine (HY-B0317).
Decreased the blood pressure variability (BPV) levels when treated with 10 mg/kg Atenolol and 1 mg/kg Amlodipine (HY-B0317), or 20 mg/kg Atenolol and 2 mg/kg Amlodipine (HY-B0317).
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Animal Model:Hras5 tumor xenograft rat model [6]
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Dosage:6 mg/kg (combination with Nifedipine (HY-B0284) (10 mg/kg))
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Administration:Oral gavage (p.o.), one time
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Result:Abolished the hypertensive and tachycaidic effects of ZD6126.
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Animal Model:Male wistar rats[7]
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Dosage:40 mg/kg
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Administration:Oral gavage (p.o.), daily, 6 weeks
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Result:Increased the density of total β-adrenoceptors.
Decreased the expression level of β1- adrenoceptor mRNA.
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 29122-68-7
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 266.34
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Formula C14H22N2O3
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Color White to off-white
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SMILES
O=C(N)CC1=CC=C(OCC(O)CNC(C)C)C=C1
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Synonyms
(RS)-Atenolol
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 1 year -20°C 6 months
Publications (21)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Immunity
2026 Mar 10;59(3):598-617.e11. PMID: 41722568 -
Adv Sci (Weinh)
Norepinephrine Induces Sertoli Cell Ferroptosis via Receptors Desensitization Causing Stress-Related Male Reproductive Dysfunction. [Abstract]2025 Oct 6:e04817. PMID: 41051274
Atenolol purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Adv Sci (Weinh). 2025 Oct 6:e04817. [Abstract]
Atenolol (ATN, 1 µM, 72 h) rescued the Norepinephrine (NE, 10 µM)-induced decrease in TM4 cell viability.
Atenolol purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Adv Sci (Weinh). 2025 Oct 6:e04817. [Abstract]
Atenolol (ATN, 1 µM, 48 h) restored the Norepinephrine (NE, 10 µM)-induced increase in intracellular ferrous ion concentration in TM4 cells.
Atenolol purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Adv Sci (Weinh). 2025 Oct 6:e04817. [Abstract]
Atenolol (ATN, 1 µM, 48 h) restored the Norepinephrine (NE, 10 µM)-induced decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential in TM4 cells.
Atenolol purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Adv Sci (Weinh). 2025 Oct 6:e04817. [Abstract]
Atenolol (ATN, 1 µM, 48 h) reversed Norepinephrine (NE,10 μM）-induced alterations in the expression of SLC7A11, GPX4, and ACSL4 in TM4 cells.
Atenolol purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Adv Sci (Weinh). 2025 Oct 6:e04817. [Abstract]
Atenolol (ATN, 1 µM, 48 h) reversed Norepinephrine (NE,10 μM）-induced alterations in the expression of SLC7A11, GPX4, and ACSL4 in TM4 cells.
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Protein Cell
Identification of serotonin 2A receptor as a novel HCV entry factor by a chemical biology strategy. [Abstract]2019 Mar;10(3):178-195. PMID: 29542010 -
Chemosphere
Mass-balance-model-based evaluation of sewage treatment plant contribution to residual pharmaceuticals in environmental waters. [Abstract]2019 Jun:225:378-387. PMID: 30884299 -
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J Med Chem
Development of an In Silico Prediction Model for P-glycoprotein Efflux Potential in Brain Capillary Endothelial Cells toward the Prediction of Brain Penetration. [Abstract]2021 Mar 11;64(5):2725-2738. PMID: 33619967 -
Biochem Pharmacol
2025 Nov 29:244:117576. PMID: 41319924 -
Commun Biol
Norepinephrine regulates epithelial-derived neurotrophins expression and sensory nerve regeneration through ADRB2 receptor. [Abstract]2025 Mar 22;8(1):481. PMID: 40121310 -
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ACS Omega
Computational and Experimental Approaches Identify Beta-Blockers as Potential SARS-CoV-2 Spike Inhibitors. [Abstract]2022 Aug 8;7(32):27950-27958. PMID: 35983371 -
Front Cell Dev Biol
2022 Apr 20;10:889656. PMID: 35517499 -
Sci Rep
2025 Dec 1;15(1):42891. PMID: 41326433 -
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J Pharm Biomed Anal
Screening method of mildronate and over 300 doping agents by reversed-phase liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry. [Abstract]2021 Feb 20:195:113870. PMID: 33453569 -
J Therm Biol
Differential expression of ADRB1 causes different responses to norepinephrine in adipocytes of Duroc-Landrace-Yorkshire pigs and min pigs. [Abstract]2024 Jul 2:123:103906. PMID: 38970835 -
Pflugers Arch
2021 Oct;473(10):1641-1655. PMID: 34245378 -
Pharmacol Res Perspect
Effects of membrane transport activity and cell metabolism on the unbound drug concentrations in the skeletal muscle and liver of drugs: A microdialysis study in rats. [Abstract]2021 Oct;9(5):e00879. PMID: 34628723 -
Pharmacol Res Perspect
Applicability of free drug hypothesis to drugs with good membrane permeability that are not efflux transporter substrates: A microdialysis study in rats. [Abstract]2020 Apr;8(2):e00575. PMID: 32266794 -
BMC Ophthalmol
β-blocker eye drops affect ocular surface through β2 adrenoceptor of corneal limbal stem cells. [Abstract]2021 Dec 5;21(1):419. PMID: 34863129 -
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Solvent & Solubility
DMSO : 100 mg/mL (375.46 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
H2O : 8.33 mg/mL (31.28 mM; Need ultrasonic)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (9.39 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (9.39 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly:
It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: PBS
Solubility: 36.67 mg/mL (137.68 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
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%DMSO +
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
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%+
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+%Tween-80 + +
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%Saline +
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO. Stock solution concentration: mg/mL.
1. Take μL DMSO stock solution;
2. Add μL .
μL , mix evenly;
3. Then add μL Tween 80, mix evenly;
4. Then add μL
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (277 KB)
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SDS (393 KB)
- English - EN (393 KB)
- Français - FR (393 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (393 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (393 KB)
- Español - ES (393 KB)
- Swedish - SV (393 KB)
- Italian - IT (393 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (393 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Heel RC, et al. Atenolol: a review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic efficacy in angina pectoris and hypertension. Drugs. 1979;17(6):425-460. [Content Brief]
[2]. Engel G, et al. (+/-)[125Iodo] cyanopindolol, a new ligand for beta-adrenoceptors: identification and quantitation of subclasses of beta-adrenoceptors in guinea pig. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 1981;317(4):277-285. [Content Brief]
[3]. Corsini A, et al. Effect of the nifedipine-atenolol association on arterial myocyte migration and proliferation. Pharmacol Res. 1993 May-Jun;27(4):299-307. [Content Brief]
[4]. Lorusso B, et al. Β-blockers activate autophagy on infantile hemangioma-derived endothelial cells in vitro. Vascul Pharmacol. 2022 Oct;146:107110 [Content Brief]
[5]. Shen FM, et al. Synergistic effects of atenolol and amlodipine for lowering and stabilizing blood pressure in 2K1C renovascular hypertensive rats. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2005 Nov;26(11):1303-8. [Content Brief]
[6]. Gould S, et al. Effect of pretreatment with atenolol and nifedipine on ZD6126-induced cardiac toxicity in rats. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2007 Nov 21;99(22):1724-8. [Content Brief]
[7]. Horinouchi T, et al. Different changes of plasma membrane beta-adrenoceptors in rat heart after chronic administration of propranolol, atenolol and bevantolol. Life Sci. 2007 Jul 12;81(5):399-404. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H2O / DMSO | 1 mM | 3.7546 mL | 18.7730 mL | 37.5460 mL | 93.8650 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.7509 mL | 3.7546 mL | 7.5092 mL | 18.7730 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3755 mL | 1.8773 mL | 3.7546 mL | 9.3865 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.2503 mL | 1.2515 mL | 2.5031 mL | 6.2577 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.1877 mL | 0.9386 mL | 1.8773 mL | 4.6932 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.1502 mL | 0.7509 mL | 1.5018 mL | 3.7546 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.1252 mL | 0.6258 mL | 1.2515 mL | 3.1288 mL | |
| DMSO | 40 mM | 0.0939 mL | 0.4693 mL | 0.9386 mL | 2.3466 mL |
| 50 mM | 0.0751 mL | 0.3755 mL | 0.7509 mL | 1.8773 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.0626 mL | 0.3129 mL | 0.6258 mL | 1.5644 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0469 mL | 0.2347 mL | 0.4693 mL | 1.1733 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0375 mL | 0.1877 mL | 0.3755 mL | 0.9386 mL |
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
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