Bromelain (USP) 

Bromelain USP is an orally active proteolytic agent. Bromelain USP converts plasminogen to plasmin to support fibrinolysis, cleaves CD44 adhesion molecules from cell surfaces, and diminishes uPAR expression and uPA activity. Bromelain USP can inhibit the activity of a variety of fungi and bacteria. Bromelain USP can be used for the research of angina pectoris, atherosclerotic disease, fungal infections, bacterial infections, chronic inflammatory bowel disease, and cancer^[1][2][3].

Bromelain USP completely prevents Thrombin (HY-114164)-induced human platelet aggregation and reduces Thrombin-activated human platelet adhesion to bovine aorta endothelial cells in vitro^[1].
Bromelain USP inhibits proliferation of various tumor cell lines in vitro in a concentration-dependent manner^[1].
Bromelain USP reduces the invasive potential of B16F10 mouse melanoma cells in vitro and abolishes the ability of human platelets to stimulate metastatic tumor cell invasiveness in vitro^[1].
Bromelain USP reduces CD44 expression on Molt 4/8 leukemia cells, SK-Mel 28 melanoma cells, and human peripheral blood lymphocytes in vitro, and decreases human lymphocyte adhesion to human umbilical vein endothelial cells, with fraction F9 showing the strongest CD44-modulating effect^[1].
Bromelain USP stimulates human mononuclear blood leukocytes, especially monocytes, to secrete TNF−α, Il-1β, and Il-6 in vitro^[1].
Bromelain USP is not cytotoxic to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs)^[2].
Bromelain USP dose-dependently inhibits LPS (HY-D1056)-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine production and signaling pathway activation in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), THP-1 monocytic leukemia cells, human U937 macrophages, rat primary microglial cells, and mouse RAW 264.7 cells via its cysteine protease activity^[2].
Bromelain USP dose-dependently reduces expression of leukocyte surface markers involved in adhesion, migration, and activation in human peripheral blood leukocytes, mouse splenocytes, and activated mouse CD4⁺ T cells via its proteolytic activity^[2].
Bromelain USP stimulates increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in interferon gamma (INF-γ)-primed human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from healthy donors^[2].
Bromelain USP exhibits potent antifungal activity against Fusarium verticillioides, Fusarium oxysporum, and Fusarium proliferatum via its cysteine protease activity^[2].
Bromelain USP exhibits antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, oral infection-associated bacteria (Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguis, Staphylococcus aureus), and Alicyclobacillus species^[2].
Bromelain USP exhibits dual effects on blood coagulation, with anticoagulant and fibrinolytic activity at high concentrations, and procoagulant activity at low concentrations, and inhibits platelet aggregation in vitro^[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Bromelain (p.o.) USP reduces Lewis lung tumor cell take in C57BL/6 mice by 77-98%^[1].
Bromelain (5 mg; p.o.; daily for 16 days) USP reduces the incidence and severity of spontaneous colitis and colonic inflammation in IL-10-deficient mice with established colitis^[3].
Bromelain (2-20 mg; p.o.; daily for ~18 weeks) USP slightly drops growth for the 20-mg dose behind that of the lower dose groups after day 25 with no other side effects^[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

[Bromelain (USP)]

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.

• [1]. Maurer HR. Bromelain: biochemistry, pharmacology and medical use. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2001 Aug;58(9):1234-45.  [Content Brief]

  [2]. Hikisz P, et al. Beneficial Properties of Bromelain. Nutrients. 2021;13(12):4313. Published 2021 Nov 29.  [Content Brief]

  [3]. Hale LP, et al. Treatment with oral bromelain decreases colonic inflammation in the IL-10-deficient murine model of inflammatory bowel disease. Clin Immunol. 2005 Aug;116(2):135-42.  [Content Brief]