2. Immunology/Inflammation NF-κB
  3. NOD-like Receptor (NLR) NF-κB Interleukin Related
  4. iE-DAP

iE-DAP is a Nod1 agonist. iE-DAP activates NOD1, which in turn activates the NF-κB signaling pathway and MLCK signaling pathway, inducing cellular inflammatory responses and tight junction disruption. iE-DAP downregulates the expression of ZO-1 and Occludin genes. iE-DAP increases the secretion of IL-6, GRO-α, MCP-1, IL-8 and MIP-1β in term human trophoblast cell cultures. iE-DAP triggers preterm birth in pregnant mice, reduces fetal body weight, and induces fetal inflammation. iE-DAP is applicable to research related to mastitis and preterm birth.

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iE-DAP

iE-DAP Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 592520-07-5

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iE-DAP Related Antibodies

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Description

iE-DAP is a Nod1 agonist. iE-DAP activates NOD1, which in turn activates the NF-κB signaling pathway and MLCK signaling pathway, inducing cellular inflammatory responses and tight junction disruption. iE-DAP downregulates the expression of ZO-1 and Occludin genes. iE-DAP increases the secretion of IL-6, GRO-α, MCP-1, IL-8 and MIP-1β in term human trophoblast cell cultures. iE-DAP triggers preterm birth in pregnant mice, reduces fetal body weight, and induces fetal inflammation. iE-DAP is applicable to research related to mastitis and preterm birth[1][2].

In Vitro

iE-DAP (10-10000 ng/mL; 1-24 h) upregulates the mRNA expression of IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8 in BMECs, downregulates the mRNA expression of ZO-1 and Occludin in BMECs, reduces TEER, and increases the paracellular dextran permeability in BMECs[1].
iE-DAP (1000 ng/mL; 12 h) upregulates the protein expression levels of p-MLC2 and MLCK as well as the phosphorylation level of MLC2, downregulates the mRNA and protein expression levels of ZO-1 and Occludin, reduces TEER, increases the paracellular dextran permeability, and disrupts the distribution of ZO-1 in BMECs[1].
iE-DAP (1000 ng/mL; 12 h) upregulates the mRNA expression and secretion levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8 in BMECs, and activates the NF-κB pathway by increasing the expression of p-p65 protein, the phosphorylation level of p65 and the nuclear translocation of p65[1].
iE-DAP (1000 ng/mL; 12 h) upregulates the expression of NOD1 protein, p-p65 protein, the phosphorylation level of p65, and promotes the nuclear translocation of p65 in BMECs, thereby activating the NOD1/NF-κB pathway[1].
iE-DAP (100 μg/mL; 72 h) potently stimulates human primary third-trimester cytotrophoblasts to secrete IL-6, GRO-α, MCP-1, IL-8 and MIP-1β[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

iE-DAP Related Antibodies

Real Time qPCR[1]

Cell Line: bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs)
Concentration: 1000 ng/mL
Incubation Time: 1, 3, 6, 12, 24 h
Result: Significantly upregulated IL-1β mRNA relative expression at 1 h.
Significantly upregulated IL-6 mRNA relative expression at 1 h.
Significantly upregulated IL-8 mRNA relative expression at 1 h, with all inflammatory cytokines increasing in a time-dependent manner.
Significantly downregulated ZO-1 mRNA relative expression at 6 h.
Significantly downregulated Occludin mRNA relative expression at 12 h, with both tight junction proteins decreasing in a time-dependent manner.

Real Time qPCR[1]

Cell Line: bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs)
Concentration: 0, 1, 10, 100, 1000, 10000 ng/mL
Incubation Time: 12 h
Result: Increased the mRNA relative expression and release of IL-1β at 10 ng/mL.
Increased the mRNA relative expression and release of IL-6 and IL-8 at 100 ng/mL.
Increased the gene expression and release of inflammatory cytokines in a concentration-dependent manne.
Reduced the relative mRNA expression of ZO-1、Occludin at 100、1000 ng/mL.
Decreased the gene expression of TJ proteins in a concentration-dependent manne.
Decreased the TEER and increased
paracellular dextran passage at 100 ng/mL.

Western Blot Analysis[1]

Cell Line: bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs)
Concentration: 1000 ng/mL
Incubation Time: 12 h
Result: Increased p-MLC2 protein expression and MLC2 phosphorylation, reduced protein expression of ZO-1 and Occludin, decreases TEER.
Significantly increased p-p65 protein expression and the p-p65/p65 phosphorylation ratio.
Significantly increased NOD1 protein expression.
Significantly increased MLCK protein expression.

Immunofluorescence[1]

Cell Line: bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs)
Concentration: 1000 ng/mL
Incubation Time: 12 h
Result: Caused redistribution of ZO-1 protein. Induced nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65.
In Vivo

iE-DAP (500-1000 μg; i.p.; single dose) administered to pregnant C57BL/6J mice on embryonic day 14.5 induces 100% preterm delivery within 24 hours at 1000 μg, while 750 μg reduces fetal weight and triggers fetal and maternal-fetal interface inflammation without causing preterm birth, and 500 μg does not induce preterm delivery[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model: C57BL/6J (adult, 8-12 wk old, pregnant females)[2]
Dosage: 500 μg; 750 μg; 1000 μg
Administration: i.p.; single dose
Result: Induced preterm delivery within 24 hours in 100% of treated mice (3/3 mice) at 1000 μg.
Significantly reduced fetal weight compared to controls at 750 μg.
Altered the maternal-fetal interface cytokine profile at 750 μg: increased placental Eotaxin levels, decreased placental MCP-1 levels, increased decidual IL-1α levels, and increased decidual RANTES levels.
Induced a broad fetal proinflammatory response at 750 μg, with significantly elevated levels of Eotaxin, IL-1α, IL-3, IL-10, IL-12 (p40), IL-12 (p70), IL-13, IL-17, G-CSF, GM-CSF, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, KC, TNF-α, and IFN-γ in fetal tissues.
Did not induce preterm delivery at 500 μg.
Molecular Weight

319.31

Formula

C12H21N3O7
CAS No.
Sequence

γ-d-Glu-meso-DAP
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Purity & Documentation
References
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iE-DAP Related Classifications

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Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

iE-DAP592520-07-5NOD-like Receptor (NLR)NF-κBInterleukin RelatedNuclear factor-κBNuclear factor-kappaBILNOD1 agonistBMECshuman primary third-trimester cytotrophoblastsC57BL/6J micemastitispreterm birthInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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