2. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  3. Acyltransferase
  4. L-Penicillamine

L-Penicillamine is an orally active serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) inhibitor. L-Penicillamine inactivates the PLP cofactor by forming adducts, thereby inhibiting SPT activity and reducing sphingolipid biosynthesis. L-Penicillamine not only blocks tumor access to vitamin B6, but also stabilizes the human papillomavirus 16 E6 oncoprotein monomer and inhibits its polymerization, exhibiting a unique anticancer mechanism. L-Penicillamine effectively delays the growth of Sarcoma-180, induces tumor necrosis and prolongs survival (though long-term use may lead to Pyridoxine (HY-B1328) deficiency and weight loss).

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L-Penicillamine

L-Penicillamine Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 1113-41-3

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Solid + Solvent (Highly Recommended)
10 mM * 1 mL in Water
ready for reconstitution
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L-Penicillamine Related Antibodies

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ACAT1 ACAT2 MGAT2 ACAT DGAT1 DGAT2

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Description

L-Penicillamine is an orally active serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) inhibitor. L-Penicillamine inactivates the PLP cofactor by forming adducts, thereby inhibiting SPT activity and reducing sphingolipid biosynthesis. L-Penicillamine not only blocks tumor access to vitamin B6, but also stabilizes the human papillomavirus 16 E6 oncoprotein monomer and inhibits its polymerization, exhibiting a unique anticancer mechanism. L-Penicillamine effectively delays the growth of Sarcoma-180, induces tumor necrosis and prolongs survival (though long-term use may lead to Pyridoxine (HY-B1328) deficiency and weight loss)[1][2][3].

In Vitro

L-Penicillamine (5 mM; 30 min; 25 °C) potently inhibits purified Sphingomonas paucimobilis serine palmitoyltransferase, reducing activity to 3% at 5 mM after 30 minutes at 25 °C, and this inhibition is reversible via dialysis against PLP-containing buffer to restore ~80% enzyme activity[1].
L-Penicillamine (10 mM; 30 min) forms a PLP-thiazolidine adduct with purified Sphingomonas paucimobilis serine palmitoyltransferase, detected via a 333 nm UV-visible peak that forms completely within 30 minutes of 10 mM L-Penicillamine addition, and this adduct is removable by dialysis to regenerate holo-enzyme[1].
L-Penicillamine (2 mM; 12 days; 4 °C) stabilizes monomeric, soluble HPV16 S-E6 fusion protein in dialysis buffer containing 20 μM ZnCl2 and 2 mM DTT, with a zinc-to-protein stoichiometric ratio of ~1:1[2].
L-Penicillamine functions as a weak zinc chelator, with a chelating strength ~100 times weaker than EGTA (HY-D0861) and ~1000 times weaker than EDTA[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

L-Penicillamine Related Antibodies
In Vivo

L-Penicillamine (100-125 mg/kg; p.o.; ad libitum daily; 14 days) produces 69% tumour inhibition in sarcoma-180-bearing CF1 mice on a complete diet and 71% tumour inhibition in those on a pyridoxine-deficient diet[3].
L-Penicillamine (100 mg/kg; p.o.; daily; 7 days via drinking water) produces marked ascitic tumour inhibition in sarcoma-180-bearing CF1 mice on a pyridoxine-deficient diet, with no significant prolongation of median survival time[3].
L-Penicillamine (25-100 mg/kg; s.c., i.p., p.o. intubation, p.o. drinking water; daily; 7 days) produces 21-60% tumour inhibition in sarcoma-180-bearing CF1 mice, while 200 mg/kg daily via subcutaneous injection or stomach intubation is 100% lethal[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model: CF1 white Swiss male mice (initial weight 20 g; subcutaneous implantation of 1×106 ascitic sarcoma-180 cells)[3]
Dosage: 100 mg/kg
Administration: p.o.; ad libitum daily via drinking water
Result: Achieved 8-week survival rates of 60%, 80%, 40%, and 40% across four separate experiments.
Resulted in 74% 30-day survival in the first experiment, with 11 of 20 mice experiencing complete tumour regression with no recurrence 342 days after treatment cessation.
Observed incomplete tumour regression in an additional 3 of 20 mice.
Caused significantly smaller tumours, with many becoming necrotic, decreasing in size, and being extruded by day 43.
Animal Model: CF1 white Swiss mice (initial weight 20 g; intraperitoneal injection of 1×106 ascitic sarcoma-180 cells)[3]
Dosage: 100 mg/kg
Administration: p.o.; daily; 7 days via drinking water
Result: Caused minimal ascitic tumour inhibition and a median survival time of 12.5 days in mice on complete diet.
Caused marked ascitic tumour inhibition and a median survival time of 11 days in mice on pyridoxine-deficient diet.
Animal Model: CF1 white Swiss male mice (initial weight 20 g; subcutaneous implantation of 1×106 ascitic sarcoma-180 cells)[3]
Dosage: 25, 50, 100 mg/kg (s.c.); 100 mg/kg (i.p.); 25, 50, 100 mg/kg (p.o. stomach intubation); 25, 50, 100, 200 mg/kg (p.o. drinking water)
Administration: s.c.; daily; 7 days;
i.p.; daily; 7 days;
p.o. (stomach intubation); daily; 7 days;
p.o. (drinking water); ad libitum daily; 7 days
Result: Caused 21% tumour inhibition at 25 mg/kg, 24% at 50 mg/kg, 60% at 100 mg/kg via subcutaneous administration; 200 mg/kg daily was 100% lethal.
Caused 39% tumour inhibition at 100 mg/kg via intraperitoneal administration.
Caused 24% tumour inhibition at 25 mg/kg, 42% at 50 mg/kg, 47% at 100 mg/kg via stomach intubation; 200 mg/kg daily was 100% lethal.
Caused 26% tumour inhibition at 25 mg/kg, 35% at 50 mg/kg, 46% at 100 mg/kg, 44% at 200 mg/kg via oral drinking water with 0 mortality.
Molecular Weight

149.22

Formula

C5H11NO2S
CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

White to off-white

Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage

Store at room temperature 3 years

In solvent -80°C 2 years
-20°C 1 year
Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

H2O : 33.33 mg/mL (223.36 mM; Need ultrasonic)

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 6.7015 mL 33.5076 mL 67.0151 mL
5 mM 1.3403 mL 6.7015 mL 13.4030 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

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Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

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In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
This product has good water solubility, please refer to the measured solubility data in water/PBS/Saline for details.
The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only.If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Purity & Documentation

Purity: 99.71%

SDS (761 KB)

COA (247 KB) HNMR (192 KB) MS (74 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
H2O 1 mM 6.7015 mL 33.5076 mL 67.0151 mL 167.5379 mL
5 mM 1.3403 mL 6.7015 mL 13.4030 mL 33.5076 mL
10 mM 0.6702 mL 3.3508 mL 6.7015 mL 16.7538 mL
15 mM 0.4468 mL 2.2338 mL 4.4677 mL 11.1692 mL
20 mM 0.3351 mL 1.6754 mL 3.3508 mL 8.3769 mL
25 mM 0.2681 mL 1.3403 mL 2.6806 mL 6.7015 mL
30 mM 0.2234 mL 1.1169 mL 2.2338 mL 5.5846 mL
40 mM 0.1675 mL 0.8377 mL 1.6754 mL 4.1884 mL
50 mM 0.1340 mL 0.6702 mL 1.3403 mL 3.3508 mL
60 mM 0.1117 mL 0.5585 mL 1.1169 mL 2.7923 mL
80 mM 0.0838 mL 0.4188 mL 0.8377 mL 2.0942 mL
100 mM 0.0670 mL 0.3351 mL 0.6702 mL 1.6754 mL

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

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L-Penicillamine Related Classifications

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  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

L-Penicillamine1113-41-3AcyltransferaseDiacylglycerol acyltransferaseDiglyceride acyltransferaseacyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferasemono- acylglycerol acyltransferasepyridoxal-5'-phosphatesphingolipid biosynthesissarcoma-180pyridoxinevitamin B6PLP-dependent enzymeserine palmitoyltransferasecervical cancerhuman papillomavirus 16 E6 oncoproteinSphingomonas paucimobilisInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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