Cat. No.: HY-15162

Monomethyl auristatin E

(Synonyms: MMAE; SGD-1010)

61 Cited Publications

Customer Review

Based on 61 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE; SGD-1010) is a synthetic derivative of dolastatin 10 and functions as a potent mitotic inhibitor by inhibiting tubulin polymerization. MMAE is widely used as a cytotoxic component of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) to treat several different cancer types.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Purity: 99.97%
CAS No.: 474645-27-7
Formula: C₃₉H₆₇N₅O₇
Molecular Weight:717.98

Storage:

-20°C, sealed storage, away from moisture and light

* The compound is unstable in solutions, freshly prepared is recommended.

Monomethyl auristatin E Chemical Structure

CAS No.: 474645-27-7

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Biological Activity
- Description
- IC₅₀ & Target
- Cellular Effect
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
- Clinical Trial
Chemical Information
Publications (61)
Solvent & Solubility
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Protocol
Purity & Documentation
References
Help & FAQs
Classifications
Bioz

Biological Activity

Description

IC₅₀ & Target

Auristatin

All ADC Payloads Isoforms :

Cellular Effect

Cell Line	Type	Value	Description	References
A549	IC₅₀	0.59 nM Compound: MMAE	Antiproliferative activity against human A549 cells after 4 days by XTT assay Antiproliferative activity against human A549 cells after 4 days by XTT assay	[PMID: 23845743]
A549	EC₅₀	0.0005 μM Compound: Monomethyl auristatin E	Antiproliferative activity against human A549 cells after 72 hrs by MTS assay Antiproliferative activity against human A549 cells after 72 hrs by MTS assay	[PMID: 28972755]
A549	EC₅₀	0.5 nM Compound: Monomethyl auristatin E	Antiproliferative activity against human A549 cells after 72 hrs by MTS assay Antiproliferative activity against human A549 cells after 72 hrs by MTS assay	[PMID: 28972755]
A549	IC₅₀	1.3 nM Compound: 2; MMAE	Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells after 2 days by cell titer 96 aqueous one solution based assay Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells after 2 days by cell titer 96 aqueous one solution based assay	[PMID: 29454703]
BT-474	GI₅₀	0.22 nM Compound: 4, MMAE	Cytotoxicity against human BT474 cells assessed as cell viability incubated fore 4 days by MTS assay Cytotoxicity against human BT474 cells assessed as cell viability incubated fore 4 days by MTS assay	[PMID: 25431858]
BXPC-3	GI₅₀	>1.39 nM Compound: 2b	Growth inhibition of human BxPC3 cells incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay Growth inhibition of human BxPC3 cells incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 28211277]
BXPC-3	GI₅₀	>1.39 nM Compound: Desmethylauristatin E	Growth inhibition of human BxPC3 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay Growth inhibition of human BxPC3 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 28895394]
BXPC-3	GI₅₀	>1.39 nM Compound: Desmethylauristatin E	Growth inhibition of human BxPC3 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay Growth inhibition of human BxPC3 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 28926240]
CWR22R	CC₅₀	1.44 nM Compound: MMAE	Cytotoxicity against human 22Rv1 cells expressing PMSA measured using MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human 22Rv1 cells expressing PMSA measured using MTT assay	[PMID: 34797052]
DU-145	GI₅₀	0.418 nM Compound: 2b	Growth inhibition of human DU145 cells incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay Growth inhibition of human DU145 cells incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 28211277]
DU-145	GI₅₀	0.418 nM Compound: Desmethylauristatin E	Growth inhibition of human DU145 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay Growth inhibition of human DU145 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 28895394]
DU-145	GI₅₀	0.418 nM Compound: Desmethylauristatin E	Growth inhibition of human DU145 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay Growth inhibition of human DU145 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 28926240]
DU-145	IC₅₀	0.55 nM Compound: MMAE	Cytotoxicity against human DU-145 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 72 hrs by CellTiter-96 assay Cytotoxicity against human DU-145 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 72 hrs by CellTiter-96 assay	[PMID: 36327103]
DU-145	IC₅₀	0.62 nM Compound: MMAE	Cytotoxicity against human DU-145 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 72 hrs in presence of TTR by CellTiter-96 assay Cytotoxicity against human DU-145 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 72 hrs in presence of TTR by CellTiter-96 assay	[PMID: 36327103]
H3396	IC₅₀	0.1 nM Compound: 3; MMAE	Cytotoxicity against human H3396 cells assessed as inhibition of cell growth incubated for 96 hrs by Alamar blue assay Cytotoxicity against human H3396 cells assessed as inhibition of cell growth incubated for 96 hrs by Alamar blue assay	[PMID: 39068862]
HEK-293T	IC₅₀	0.068 nM Compound: MMAE	Cytotoxicity against HEK293T cells assessed as inhibition in cell growth Cytotoxicity against HEK293T cells assessed as inhibition in cell growth	[PMID: 33974423]
HeLa	IC₅₀	1 nM Compound: MMAE	Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 72 hrs in presence of TTR by CellTiter-96 assay Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 72 hrs in presence of TTR by CellTiter-96 assay	[PMID: 36327103]
HeLa	IC₅₀	1.1 nM Compound: MMAE	Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 72 hrs by CellTiter-96 assay Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 72 hrs by CellTiter-96 assay	[PMID: 36327103]
HGC-27	IC₅₀	7.18 nM Compound: MMAE	Cytotoxicity against KK-LC-1-negative human HGC-27 cells incubated for 72 hrs by CCK-8 assay Cytotoxicity against KK-LC-1-negative human HGC-27 cells incubated for 72 hrs by CCK-8 assay	[PMID: 35932567]
KB	IC₅₀	0.19 nM Compound: MMAE	Antiproliferative activity against human KB cells after 4 days by XTT assay Antiproliferative activity against human KB cells after 4 days by XTT assay	[PMID: 23845743]
KM-20L2	GI₅₀	0.599 nM Compound: 2b	Growth inhibition of human KM20L2 cells incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay Growth inhibition of human KM20L2 cells incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 28211277]
KM-20L2	GI₅₀	0.599 nM Compound: Desmethylauristatin E	Growth inhibition of human KM20L2 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay Growth inhibition of human KM20L2 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 28895394]
KM-20L2	GI₅₀	0.599 nM Compound: Desmethylauristatin E	Growth inhibition of human KM20L2 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay Growth inhibition of human KM20L2 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 28926240]
L1210	IC₅₀	2.1 nM Compound: 2; MMAE	Cytotoxicity against mouse L1210 cells after 2 days by cell titer 96 aqueous one solution based assay Cytotoxicity against mouse L1210 cells after 2 days by cell titer 96 aqueous one solution based assay	[PMID: 29454703]
LNCaP	IC₅₀	0.71 nM Compound: MMAE	Cytotoxicity against human LNCaP cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 72 hrs in presence of TTR by CellTiter-96 assay Cytotoxicity against human LNCaP cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 72 hrs in presence of TTR by CellTiter-96 assay	[PMID: 36327103]
LNCaP	IC₅₀	0.79 nM Compound: MMAE	Cytotoxicity against human LNCaP cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 72 hrs by CellTiter-96 assay Cytotoxicity against human LNCaP cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 72 hrs by CellTiter-96 assay	[PMID: 36327103]
MCF7	GI₅₀	0.404 nM Compound: 2b	Growth inhibition of human MCF7 cells incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay Growth inhibition of human MCF7 cells incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 28211277]
MCF7	GI₅₀	0.404 nM Compound: Desmethylauristatin E	Growth inhibition of human MCF7 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay Growth inhibition of human MCF7 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 28895394]
MCF7	GI₅₀	0.404 nM Compound: Desmethylauristatin E	Growth inhibition of human MCF7 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay Growth inhibition of human MCF7 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 28926240]
MDA-MB-231	IC₅₀	0.25 nM Compound: MMAE	Antiproliferative activity against human MDA-MB-231 cells after 4 days by XTT assay Antiproliferative activity against human MDA-MB-231 cells after 4 days by XTT assay	[PMID: 23845743]
MDA-MB-361	GI₅₀	0.49 nM Compound: 4, MMAE	Cytotoxicity against human MDA-MB-361 cells assessed as cell viability incubated fore 4 days by MTS assay Cytotoxicity against human MDA-MB-361 cells assessed as cell viability incubated fore 4 days by MTS assay	[PMID: 25431858]
MES-SA	IC₅₀	0.096 nM Compound: MMAE	Cytotoxicity against human MES-SA cells assessed as inhibition in cell growth Cytotoxicity against human MES-SA cells assessed as inhibition in cell growth	[PMID: 33974423]
MES-SA/Dx5	IC₅₀	88.19 nM Compound: MMAE	Cytotoxicity against human MES-SA/Dx5 cells assessed as inhibition in cell growth Cytotoxicity against human MES-SA/Dx5 cells assessed as inhibition in cell growth	[PMID: 33974423]
MKN-45	IC₅₀	10.7 nM Compound: MMAE	Cytotoxicity against KK-LC-1-positive human MKN-45 cells incubated for 72 hrs by CCK-8 assay Cytotoxicity against KK-LC-1-positive human MKN-45 cells incubated for 72 hrs by CCK-8 assay	[PMID: 35932567]
NCI-H460	GI₅₀	0.683 nM Compound: 2b	Growth inhibition of human NCI-H460 cells incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay Growth inhibition of human NCI-H460 cells incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 28211277]
NCI-H460	GI₅₀	0.683 nM Compound: Desmethylauristatin E	Growth inhibition of human NCI-H460 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay Growth inhibition of human NCI-H460 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 28895394]
NCI-H460	GI₅₀	0.683 nM Compound: Desmethylauristatin E	Growth inhibition of human NCI-H460 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay Growth inhibition of human NCI-H460 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 28926240]
NCI-H524	IC₅₀	3.7 nM Compound: MMAE	Cytotoxicity in human NCI-H524 cells pre-incubated for 2 hrs followed by compound wash out and subsequently incubated for 70 hrs by Cell Titer Glo assay Cytotoxicity in human NCI-H524 cells pre-incubated for 2 hrs followed by compound wash out and subsequently incubated for 70 hrs by Cell Titer Glo assay	[PMID: 30735385]
NCI-N87	GI₅₀	0.54 nM Compound: 4, MMAE	Cytotoxicity against human NCI-N87 cells assessed as cell viability incubated fore 4 days by MTS assay Cytotoxicity against human NCI-N87 cells assessed as cell viability incubated fore 4 days by MTS assay	[PMID: 25431858]
NUGC-4	IC₅₀	10.97 nM Compound: MMAE	Cytotoxicity against KK-LC-1-positive human NUGC-4 cells incubated for 72 hrs by CCK-8 assay Cytotoxicity against KK-LC-1-positive human NUGC-4 cells incubated for 72 hrs by CCK-8 assay	[PMID: 35932567]
PC-3	CC₅₀	0.97 nM Compound: MMAE	Cytotoxicity against human PC-3 cells not expressing PMSA measured using MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human PC-3 cells not expressing PMSA measured using MTT assay	[PMID: 34797052]
SF-268	GI₅₀	0.432 nM Compound: 2b	Growth inhibition of human SF268 cells incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay Growth inhibition of human SF268 cells incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 28211277]
SF-268	GI₅₀	0.432 nM Compound: Desmethylauristatin E	Growth inhibition of human SF268 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay Growth inhibition of human SF268 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 28895394]
SF-268	GI₅₀	0.432 nM Compound: Desmethylauristatin E	Growth inhibition of human SF268 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay Growth inhibition of human SF268 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 28926240]
SK-OV-3	IC₅₀	0.66 nM Compound: 2; MMAE	Cytotoxicity against human SKOV3 cells after 2 days by cell titer 96 aqueous one solution based assay Cytotoxicity against human SKOV3 cells after 2 days by cell titer 96 aqueous one solution based assay	[PMID: 29454703]
U-87MG ATCC	EC₅₀	0.0002 μM Compound: Monomethyl auristatin E	Antiproliferative activity against human U87 cells after 72 hrs by MTS assay Antiproliferative activity against human U87 cells after 72 hrs by MTS assay	[PMID: 28972755]
U-87MG ATCC	EC₅₀	0.2 nM Compound: Monomethyl auristatin E	Antiproliferative activity against human U87 cells after 72 hrs by MTS assay Antiproliferative activity against human U87 cells after 72 hrs by MTS assay	[PMID: 28972755]

In Vitro

Monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) is efficiently released from SGN-35 within CD30⁺ cancer cells and, due to its membrane permeability, is able to exert cytotoxic activity on bystander cells^[1].
MMAE sensitizes colorectal and pancreatic cancer cells to IR in a schedule and dose dependent manner correlating with mitotic arrest. Radiosensitization is evidenced by decreased clonogenic survival and increased DNA double strand breaks in irradiated cells^[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

In Vivo

Monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) in combination with IR results in tumor growth delay, tumor-targeted ACPP-cRGD-MMAE with IR produces a more robust and significantly prolongs tumor regression in xenograft models^[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Clinical Trial

NCT Number	Sponsor	Condition	Start Date	Phase A549
NCT01329991	Plexxikon\|		2011-05	PHASE1

Chemical Information

CAS No. 474645-27-7
Appearance Solid
Molecular Weight 717.98
Formula C₃₉H₆₇N₅O₇
Color White to off-white
SMILES

CC(C)[C@H](NC)C(N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(N(C)[C@H]([C@@H](CC(N1[C@]([C@H](OC)[C@H](C(N[C@@H]([C@H](C2=CC=CC=C2)O)C)=O)C)(CCC1)[H])=O)OC)[C@H](CC)C)=O)=O
Synonyms

MMAE; SGD-1010
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage

-20°C, sealed storage, away from moisture and light

* The compound is unstable in solutions, freshly prepared is recommended.

Publications (61)

All Cell Proliferation/Viability AssayIHCHistological Imaging/Staining

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Journal Impact Factor

Signal Transduct Target Ther

An aptamer-drug conjugate for promising cancer therapy with comprehensive evaluation from rodents to non-human primates. [Abstract]

2025 Sep 24;10(1):316. PMID: 40987771

Monomethyl auristatin E purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2025 Sep 24;10(1):316. [Abstract]

Tumor-bearing mice were dosed by i.v. every four days for 5–6 cycles with 7 mg/kg Sgc8c-M or 0.359 mg/kg MMAE. PTK7 IHC characterization staining on these tumors showed the differences in PTK7 expression and tissue structure.

Monomethyl auristatin E purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2025 Sep 24;10(1):316. [Abstract]

Tumor-bearing mice were dosed by i.v. every four days for 5–6 cycles with 7 mg/kg Sgc8c-M or 0.359 mg/kg MMAE. PTK7 hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining on these tumors showed the differences in PTK7 expression and tissue structure.
Nature

TRBC1-targeting antibody-drug conjugates for the treatment of T cell cancers. [Abstract]

2024 Apr;628(8007):416-423. PMID: 38538786
Cancer Res

Radiation-Triggered Payload Release Enhances Bispecific Antibody Efficacy. [Abstract]

2025 Oct 9. PMID: 41066595
J Extracell Vesicles

Chemoradiotherapy-Integrated Tumor Cell-Derived Microparticles Mediate Tumor Eradication in Malignant Pleural Effusion. [Abstract]

2026 Apr;15(4):e70277. PMID: 41944389
Sci Transl Med

Adoptive cell therapy with macrophage-drug conjugates facilitates cytotoxic drug transfer and immune activation in glioblastoma models. [Abstract]

2025 Jun 18;17(803):eadr4058. PMID: 40531966
Cell Rep Med

A bispecific nanobody-drug conjugate targeting TROP2 and c-Met for low-concentration, single-dose treatment of pancreatic cancer. [Abstract]

2026 Apr 21;7(4):102688. PMID: 41856115
J Control Release

Antibody polymer drug conjugates with increased drug to antibody ratio: CD38-targeting nanomedicines for innovative therapy of relapsed lymphomas. [Abstract]

2025 Aug 10:384:113876. PMID: 40409372
J Control Release

In vivo activation of FAP-cleavable small molecule-drug conjugates for the targeted delivery of camptothecins and tubulin poisons to the tumor microenvironment. [Abstract]

2024 Mar:367:779-790. PMID: 38346501
Cell Commun Signal

A novel process for transcellular hemoglobin transport from macrophages to cancer cells. [Abstract]

2024 Nov 27;22(1):570. PMID: 39605056
J Pharm Anal

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for quantification of MMAE-conjugated ADCs and total antibodies in cynomolgus monkey sera. [Abstract]

2022 Aug;12(4):645-652. PMID: 36105165
Clin Cancer Res

Bystander effects, pharmacokinetics, and linker-payload stability of EGFR-targeting antibody-drug conjugates Losatuxizumab vedotin and Depatux-M in glioblastoma models. [Abstract]

2024 Aug 1;30(15):3287-3297. PMID: 38743766

Monomethyl auristatin E purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Clin Cancer Res. 2024 Aug 1;30(15):3287-3297. [Abstract]

Cytotoxicity of unconjugated MMAE (10^-5-10² nM) in GBM6, GBM39, GBM108, and GBM10 was determined in a CellTiter-Glo assay
Int J Biol Macromol

Targeting HER2 and FGFR-positive cancer cells with a bispecific cytotoxic conjugate combining anti-HER2 Affibody and FGF2. [Abstract]

2024 Jan;254(Pt 1):127657. PMID: 38287563
Int J Biol Macromol

Cyclic and dimeric fibroblast growth factor 2 variants with high biomedical potential. [Abstract]

2022 Oct 1:218:243-258. PMID: 35878661
JACS Au

2026 Feb 23.
Cancer Immunol Res

Discovery of podofilox as a potent cGAMP-STING signaling enhancer with antitumor activity. [Abstract]

2023 May 3;11(5):583-599. PMID: 36921097
Br J Cancer

CD30 and ALK combination therapy has high therapeutic potency in RANBP2-ALK-rearranged epithelioid inflammatory myofibroblastic sarcoma. [Abstract]

2020 Sep;123(7):1101-1113. PMID: 32684628
J Med Chem

A Small-Molecule Drug Conjugate Targeting FAP Exhibits Potent Activity in Dogs with Spontaneous Tumors. [Abstract]

2026 May 28;69(10):12634-12646. PMID: 42142054
J Med Chem

Innately Fluorescent Tetravalent Cytotoxic Conjugate TetraFHER2-vcMMAE Engages Aggregation-Dependent Endocytosis of HER2 for Enhanced Intracellular Drug Delivery. [Abstract]

2025 Jul 10;68(13):13872-13886. PMID: 40581863
J Med Chem

MMAE-Based Peptide-Drug Conjugates Targeting GPC3 for Precision Chemoradiotherapy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. [Abstract]

2025 Jun 26;68(12):12950-12968. PMID: 40513081
Mol Cancer Ther

Preclinical characterization of XB010: a novel antibody-drug conjugate for the treatment of solid tumors that targets tumor-associated antigen 5T4. [Abstract]

2025 Aug 21. PMID: 40836888
Mol Cancer Ther

Payload-binding Fab fragments increase the therapeutic index of MMAE antibody-drug conjugates. [Abstract]

2023 Apr 3;22(4):459-470. PMID: 36723609
Pharmaceutics

Tumor-Specific Monomethyl Auristatin E (MMAE) Prodrug Nanoparticles for Safe and Effective Chemotherapy. [Abstract]

2022 Oct 7;14(10):2131. PMID: 36297566
Biomater Adv

Development of a HER1/CP2c dual-targeting biopharmaceutical for HER1-overexpressing head and neck cancer. [Abstract]

2026 Feb 18:183:214782. PMID: 41722284
Mol Ther Nucleic Acids

Targeted Delivery of Auristatin-Modified Toxins to Pancreatic Cancer Using Aptamers. [Abstract]

2018 Mar 2:10:227-236. PMID: 29499935
Biomater Sci

Affinity of plant viral nanoparticle potato virus X (PVX) towards malignant B cells enables cancer drug delivery. [Abstract]

2020 Jul 21;8(14):3935-3943. PMID: 32662788
Cells

Tubulin Resists Degradation by Cereblon-Recruiting PROTACs. [Abstract]

2020 Apr 27;9(5):1083. PMID: 32349222
Biomacromolecules

Intrinsically Fluorescent Oligomeric Cytotoxic Conjugates Toxic for FGFR1-Overproducing Cancers. [Abstract]

2021 Dec 13;22(12):5349-5362. PMID: 34855396
Biomacromolecules

Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 Conjugated with Monomethyl Auristatin E Inhibits Tumor Growth in a Mouse Model. [Abstract]

2021 Oct 11;22(10):4169-4180. PMID: 34542998
Int J Mol Sci

Generation and Characterization of SORT1-Targeted Antibody-Drug Conjugate for the Treatment of SORT1-Positive Breast Tumor. [Abstract]

2023 Dec 18;24(24):17631. PMID: 38139459
ACS Omega

Delivery of Monomethyl Auristatin E Using Ionizable Lipid Nanoparticles for B‑Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Treatment. [Abstract]

2026 May 25;11(22):32321-32335. PMID: 42294239
ACS Omega

Cytotoxic Conjugates of Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 (FGF2) with Monomethyl Auristatin E for Effective Killing of Cells Expressing FGF Receptors. [Abstract]

2017 Jul 31;2(7):3792-3805. PMID: 30023704
Sci Rep

A murine proof-of-concept study of polatuzumab vedotin in combination with venetoclax in experimental therapy of BCL2-positive aggressive lymphomas. [Abstract]

2026 Jun 8. PMID: 42259859
Mol Pharm

Identification of 5-Carboxyfluorescein as a Probe Substrate of SLC46A3 and Its Application in a Fluorescence-Based In Vitro Assay Evaluating the Interaction with SLC46A3. [Abstract]

2023 Jan 2;20(1):491-499. PMID: 36458938
Mol Pharm

Novel Method for Preparation of Site-Specific, Stoichiometric-Controlled Dual Warhead Conjugate of FGF2 via Dimerization Employing Sortase A-Mediated Ligation. [Abstract]

2019 Aug 5;16(8):3588-3599. PMID: 31244217
Sci Rep

Chemotherapy payload of anti-insoluble fibrin antibody-drug conjugate is released specifically upon binding to fibrin. [Abstract]

2018 Sep 21;8(1):14211. PMID: 30242282
Sci Rep

Immunoregulation by IL-7R-targeting antibody-drug conjugates: overcoming steroid-resistance in cancer and autoimmune disease. [Abstract]

2017 Sep 6;7(1):10735. PMID: 28878234
Sci Rep

Imaging mass spectrometry for the precise design of antibody-drug conjugates. [Abstract]

2016 Apr 21:6:24954. PMID: 27098163

Monomethyl auristatin E purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Sci Rep. 2016 Apr 21:6:24954. [Abstract]

LC-MS/MS analysis quantified the MMAE concentration in the tumors 3, 24, and 72 h after the administration of MMAE alone. The contents of MMAE in the tumor tissues 3, 24, and 72 h after administration are 1155 ± 609, 736 ± 319, and 413 ± 88 fmol/g (mean ± SD, N = 5 for each group), respectively.
Int J Cancer

Antitumor effect of antitissue factor antibody-MMAE conjugate in human pancreatic tumor xenografts. [Abstract]

2015 Sep 15;137(6):1457-66. PMID: 25704403
Bioconjug Chem

Modular Synthesis of Anti-HER2 Dual-Drug Antibody-Drug Conjugates Demonstrating Improved Toxicity. [Abstract]

2025 Feb 19;36(2):190-202. PMID: 39841105
Toxicol Appl Pharmacol

A mouse model of sensory neuropathy induced by a long course of monomethyl-auristatin E treatment. [Abstract]

2023 Sep 1:474:116624. PMID: 37419214
ACS Chem Biol

Toward a Microparticle-Based System for Pooled Assays of Small Molecules in Cellular Contexts. [Abstract]

2018 Mar 16;13(3):761-771. PMID: 29365249
Cancer Med

Improved targeting of an anti-TAG-72 antibody drug conjugate for the treatment of ovarian cancer. [Abstract]

2020 Jul;9(13):4756-4767. PMID: 32368864
Cancer Med

A novel chemotherapeutic protocol for peritoneal metastasis and inhibition of relapse in drug resistant ovarian cancer. [Abstract]

2018 Aug;7(8):3630-3641. PMID: 29926538
Chem Biol Drug Des

Cytotoxic activity and cell specificity of a novel LHRH peptide drug conjugate, D-Cys6-LHRH vedotin, against ovarian cancer cell lines. [Abstract]

2024 Apr;103(4):e14516. PMID: 38618710
Adv Ther (Weinh)

2020 Jul 27.
Anal Methods

2018,10, 938-941 .
J Pharm Innov

2026 Apr 18;21(4):443.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun

Engineered MAP30ER: A plant toxin-derived platform for EGFR-Targeted delivery of protein and chemotherapeutic payloads. [Abstract]

2025 Aug 30:776:152184. PMID: 40517671
SSRN

2026 Jun 8.
chemRxiv

2026 May 3.
Biomed Pharmacother

Biomimetic bispecific antibody-drug conjugates based on albumin binding domain fusing nanobodies targeting EGFR and HER2. [Abstract]

2026 Feb:195:119016. PMID: 41592520
bioRxiv

2024 Feb 23.
Research Square Preprint

2023 Dec 4.
Patent

US20230372526A1.
bioRxiv

2023 Sep 18.
bioRxiv

2023 Feb 14.
Patent

US20220356169A1.
University of Minnesota

2022 Sep.
Patent

US20220184222A1.
Pharmaceutical Sciences

2020 Aug.
University of the Pacific

2019, Mar.

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

Ethanol : 50 mg/mL (69.64 mM; Need ultrasonic)

DMSO : ≥ 48 mg/mL (66.85 mM; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

H₂O : < 0.1 mg/mL (insoluble)

* "≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Preparing Stock Solutions

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Concentration Solvent Mass

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

Concentration

Solvent

Mass

1 mM

1.3928 mL

6.9640 mL

13.9280 mL

5 mM

0.2786 mL

1.3928 mL

2.7856 mL

10 mM

0.1393 mL

0.6964 mL

1.3928 mL

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. The compound is unstable in solutions, freshly prepared is recommended.

Molarity Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass Mass

Concentration Concentration

Volume Volume

Molecular Weight Molecular Weight

Dilution Calculator

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

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In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

Stock Solution Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 5% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 50% Saline

Solubility: 2.62 mg/mL (3.65 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic

Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 5% DMSO 95% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

Solubility: ≥ 2.62 mg/mL (3.65 mM); Clear solution

Protocol 3

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline