Asteraceae

α-Ionone (alpha-Ionone) is an activator of the olfactory receptor OR10A6. α-Ionone induces apoptosis by activating OR10A6 and increasing the phosphorylation of the LATS-YAP-TAZ signaling axis in the Hippo pathway. α-Ionone can inhibit tumor formation both in vivo and in vitro.

Undec-10-yn-1-ol is a PROTAC linker that can be used in the synthesis of PROTACs.

Farfugin A (Compound 2) is a benzofuran derivative.

Alloocimene is a diterpenoid that activates defense genes and induces resistance to Botrytis cinerea in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Vernodalin is an orally active, cytotoxic sesquiterpene lactone with a K_d value of 9.55 μM for p38 MAPK. Vernodalin downregulates the expression of phosphorylated ERK, JNK, AKT, PI3K, mTOR, p38MAPK, FAK, MMP-2, MMP-9, and uPA, while upregulates the expression of TIMP-1 and TIMP-2. Vernodalin increases ROS production, upregulates the expression of Bax and caspase 3, downregulates the expression of Bcl-2, and induces apoptosis (apoptosis), oxidative stress response and cell cycle arrest. Vernodalin inhibits the proliferation, adhesion and metastasis of cancer cells. Vernodalin enhances the activity of VEGF-B, AMPK and eNOS signaling pathways. Vernodalin alleviates myocardial injury and restores hemodynamic parameters. Vernodalin inhibits the growth of Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense. Vernodalin can be used in research related to various cancers including gastric cancer, colorectal cancer and lung cancer, as well as African human trypanosomiasis and myocardial infarction.

Isofraxoside is a coumarin glycoside found in Diervilla lonicera Mill. of the Caprifoliaceae family.

2,5-Dicaffeoylglucaric acid is a depside of caffeic acid with glucaric acid that can be found in the dried aerial parts of Eupatorium perfoliatum L. (Asteraceae).

2′,3′-Dihydroxypuberulin is a naturally derived inhibitor of the FcεRI β-chain with FcεRI expression inhibitory activity in mast cells. 2′,3′-Dihydroxypuberulin suppresses the mRNA level of the FcεRI β-chain, blocks the assembly of the FcεRI tetramer, and reduces the cell surface expression level of FcεRI. 2′,3′-Dihydroxypuberulin can be used in studies related to type I allergic diseases.

Artemisinin B is an orally active sesquiterpene natural product with anti-neuroinflammatory activity, which can be found in Artemisia annua Linn.. Artemisinin B suppresses the TLR4-MyD88-NF-κB signaling pathway by reducing the protein levels of TLR4 and MyD88, as well as inhibiting the mRNA expression of NF-κB p65. Artemisinin B reduces the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and attenuates synaptic loss, which can be used for the research of cognitive and behavioral impairments in Alzheimer's disease. Artemisinin B shows no cytotoxicity against human cardiomyocytes and exhibits very weak binding to hERG, suggesting its potential for cardioprotective property research.

Cichorioside B (Compound 9) is a sesquiterpene lactone glycoside that can be isolated from Lactuca sativa L var. anagustata.

(4E,6E,12E)-4,6,12-Tetradecatriene-8,10-diyn-1-ol (Compound 4a) is a natural product that can be isolated from the rhizomes of Atractylis koreana.

(2R)-Naringenin-5-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (Compound 4) is a flavonoid glucoside found in the aerial parts of Helichrysum zivojinii.

(E/Z)-6'-Hydroxy-3,4,2',3',4'-pentamethoxychalcone (Compound 5) is a chalcone found in Chromolaena odorata (L.) King & Robinson.

Caffeoyltartaric acid is an allelochemical. Caffeoyltartaric acid can be isolated from the residues of Agave lechuguilla. Caffeoyltartaric acid exhibits allelopathic activity.

Hispidulin 7-O-glucuronide methyl ester is a flavone glycoside. Hispidulin 7-O-glucuronide methyl ester can be found in the aerial part of Centaurea furfuracea.

Arctinol B is a sulfur-containing acetylenic compound that can be isolated from the roots of Arctium lappa L.

6’-O-Caffeoyl-(6S,9R)-roseoside is a caffeoyl glucoside derivative. 6’-O-Caffeoyl-(6S,9R)-roseoside inhibits the production of NO and PGE₂.

5,3′-Dihydroxy-3,6,7,8,4′-pentamethoxyflavone (compound 4e) is a flavonoid found in the aerial parts of Heliopsis helianthoides.

Deoxymikanolide is an orally active antibacterial agent that inhibits catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities. Deoxymikanolide increases glycan metabolism, phosphorus metabolism, electric conductivity, intrabacterial reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, causes cell shrinkage, cytoplasmic damage, and cell disruption in Ralstonia solanacearum. Deoxymikanolide inhibits Acetic acid-induced writhing in mice. Deoxymikanolide can be used for the research of bacterial wilt.