IR-775 chloride

IR-775 (2-10 μM; 24-72 h) chloride is a potent photosensitizer in proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). It reduces the viability of human ovarian adenocarcinoma cell line (SKOV-3) and human breast adenocarcinoma cell line (MDA-MB-231) in a time-dependent manner, and exhibits stronger cytotoxicity when combined with 2-methoxyestradiol plus irradiation^[1].
IR-775 (6 μM; 2-24 h) chloride accumulates in non-nuclear organelles of human ovarian adenocarcinoma cell line (SKOV-3) and human breast adenocarcinoma cell line (MDA MB-231), and an increase in uptake is observed during the 2 h to 24 h incubation period^[1].
IR-775 (6 μM; 24-72 h) chloride, when combined with 2-methoxyestradiol in a photodynamic reaction, induces oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum-mediated apoptosis in human ovarian adenocarcinoma cell line (SKOV-3) and human breast adenocarcinoma cell line (MDA MB-231), which is evidenced by altered SOD2 expression and increased caspase-12 expression after irradiation^[1].
IR-775 (1 mg/mL) chloride can be efficiently encapsulated into spherical Hyptis suaveolens-IR-775-Liposome (HIL) NPs (141 nm), with an encapsulation efficiency of 69.13% and a drug loading rate of 17.29%. These nanoparticles exhibit characteristic near-infrared absorption/emission properties and degrade upon near-infrared laser irradiation^[2].
The system of HIL nanoparticles loaded with IR-775 chloride exhibits high intracellular uptake efficiency in 4T1 cells. After irradiation with an 808 nm NIR laser, it induces significant reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and causes over 85% of 4T1 cell death through a synergistic photothermal-photodynamic effect (CI = 0.6)^[2].
HIL-loaded nanoparticles with IR-775 chloride induce > 85% cell death in 4T1 three-dimensional spheroids under 808 nm NIR laser irradiation, and can deeply penetrate into the tumor core^[2].
HIL NPs loaded with IR-775 chloride disrupt the mitochondrial membrane potential of 4T1 cells, accumulate in lysosomes, and upregulate γ-H2AX, Cathepsin B, and p53 under 808 nm NIR laser irradiation, thereby inducing DNA damage and apoptosis^[2].

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