Membrane Dyes

DiR is a long-chain carbocyanine dye. Carbocyanine dyes are widely used as Di to label cells, organelles, liposomes, viruses and lipoproteins.

DiI is a long-chain carbocyanine dye. Carbocyanine dyes are widely used as Di to label cells, organelles, liposomes, viruses and lipoproteins.

DiO is a long-chain carbocyanine dye. Carbocyanine dyes are widely used as Di to label cells, organelles, liposomes, viruses and lipoproteins.

DiD is a long-chain carbocyanine dye. Carbocyanine dyes are widely used as Di to label cells, organelles, liposomes, viruses and lipoproteins (Ex/Em = 633/665 nm).

PKH67 is a fluorescent cell binding dye with green fluorescence. PKH67 can stain the cell membrane and the Ex/Em is 490/502 nm. PKH67 is often used in combination with the non-specific red fluorescent dye PKH26 (Ex/Em=551/567 nm) to label cells, detect cell proliferation in vitro, and trace cells in vitro and in vivo.

IR-775 chloride is a cyanine dye with near-infrared absorption (Ex/Em = 775/795 nm). IR-775 chloride acts as a photosensitizer or photothermal agent, and induces apoptosis via generating ROS or exerting photothermal effects upon irradiation; its combination with 2-methoxyestradiol (HY-12033) inhibits SOD2 to enhance photodynamic therapy (PDT) efficacy, and its liposomal encapsulation enables phytotherapy-photothermal therapy (PTT) synergy. IR-775 chloride is applicable for investigating PDT/PTT and near-infrared fluorescence imaging in ovarian cancer and breast cancer.

SGC5 is a fluorescence enhancer and membrane dissociator with millisecond-scale membrane dissociation kinetics, with an emission spectrum of 500-650 nm. SGC5 produces strong fluorescence upon binding to lipid membranes, exhibits fast partitioning dissociation kinetics at higher temperatures, and is unaffected by pH or cholesterol. SGC5 does not belong to the FM dye family and shows the highest membrane-bound fluorescence intensity among the tested styryl/FM dyes. SGC5 can be used to study synaptic vesicle cycling in neurons.

DiD is a long-chain carbocyanine dye. Carbocyanine dyes are widely used as Di to label cells, organelles, liposomes, viruses and lipoproteins (Ex/Em = 633/665 nm) .

Dansyl chloride is a reagent that produces stable blue or blue-green fluorescent sulfonamide adducts in the reaction of aliphatic and aromatic amines with primary amino groups, and is widely used for modified amino acids, protein sequencing and amino acid analysis.

TMA-DPH is a hydrophobic fluorescent membrane probe (Ex=355 nm; Em=430 nm). TMA-DPH is able to anchor on the cell surface and localize to different regions of the phospholipid bilayer. By analyzing the fluorescence polarization values of TMA-DPH in the plasma membrane and membrane substructures, the fluidity of the cell membrane can be determined.

CellTracker CM-DiI (CM-DiI) is a lipophilic fluorochrome that can be used for tracking the migration of lymphocytes. CellTracker CM-DiI is feasible to detect labeled cells in histological sections (excitation 553 nm; emission 570 nm).

Di-8-ANEPPS is a naphthylstyryl voltage-sensitive dye, shifting both their fluorescence excitation and emission spectra upon changes in V_m .

Octadecyl Rhodamine B chloride is an amphiphilic fluorescent probe with both membrane-binding ability and fluorescent properties, which easily forms aggregates in aqueous phase leading to self-quenching. Octadecyl Rhodamine B chloride can be used for cell membrane staining and further applied in membrane biology research. The maximum absorption/emission wavelengths of Octadecyl Rhodamine B chloride monomer in Triton X-100 are 565 nm/585 nm; the absorption peaks of aggregates in water are blue-shifted to 524 nm and 574 nm, with significantly quenched fluorescence.

Di-4-ANEPPS is a voltage-sensitive dye that acts on voltage-gated ion channels (such as sodium channels) and inhibits sodium current, significantly reducing sodium current density, although specific values like IC₅₀ remain unclear. It mainly binds to the voltage-sensitive regions on the cell membrane, changing its fluorescence properties to reflect membrane potential changes and thus affecting the function of ion channels to exert its activity. This substance can be used in cardiovascular research, such as the electrophysiology of cardiomyocytes, myocardial ischemia, and the effects of drugs on cardiomyocytes. It is of great value in evaluating drug cardiotoxicity and exploring the mechanisms of arrhythmias.

Prodan, a solvatochromic fluorophore, has been used as a microenvironment-sensitive membrane reporter. Based on the chemistry of Prodan, fluorescent nucleosides are designed and synthesized.The fluorescent nucleosides sensitively varied the Stokes shift values depending on the orientational polarizability of the solvent.

5-Dodecanoylaminofluorescein is an amphipathic (amphoteric) fluorescent probe (Ex/Em = 485 nm/515-535 nm), which consists of a hydrophilic fluorescein core and a hydrophobic dodecanoyl group (C12 fatty acid chain) linked by an amide bond. 5-Dodecanoylaminofluorescein is mainly used as an interface-localized radical trapping/indicator probe. Dodecanoylaminofluorescein can be used for the determination of the antioxidant properties of emulsions, or can serve as a lipophilic drug model for the study of passive skin penetration when encapsulated in tyrosine-derived nanospheres.

Merocyanin 540 is a fluorescent membrane probe that selectively stains the membranes of a wide variety of electrically excitable cells, but not those of nonexcitable cells (Ex/Em: 540/580 nm).

ANTS is a fluorescent dye (Excitation wavelength: 380 nm; Emission wavelength: 520 nm). ANTS and DPX are encapsulated in liposomes can be an effective approach for measuring membrane leakage.

4-Di-10-ASP is a fluorescent lipophilic tracer (Excitation 485 nm; Emission 620 nm). 4-Di-10-ASP can be used to stain phospholipid membranes in a specific manner.

DiIC16(3) is a long-chain carbocyanine dye. Carbocyanine dyes are widely used as Di to label cells, organelles, liposomes, viruses and lipoproteins.