BMP/SMAD signaling

Pathways Recommended:	TGF-beta/Smad Neuronal Signaling JAK/STAT Signaling

By Targets:	TGF-beta/Smad (9) Akt (3) AMPK (2) Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) (1) Apoptosis (5) c-Myc (2) Casein Kinase (2) CDK (1) E1/E2/E3 Enzyme (1) ERK (1) JAK (2) JNK (1) NF-κB (4) PI3K (1) Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) (2) Reference Standards (2) RUNX (1) TGF-β Receptor (5) VEGFR (2)
By Research Areas:	Cancer (7) Cardiovascular Disease (4) Inflammation/Immunology (3) Metabolic Disease (7) Neurological Disease (2)

Targets Recommended: RGS Protein TGF-beta/Smad

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Areas	Chemical Structure

HY-124697

BMP signaling agonist sb4 Maximum Cited Publications 8 Publications Verification	TGF-β Receptor	Cancer
BMP signaling agonist sb4 is a potent benzoxazole bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) signaling agonist with a EC₅₀ value of 74 nM, activates BMP signaling by stabilizing intracellular p-SMAD-1/5/9. BMP signaling agonist sb4 activates BMP4 target genes (inhibitors of DNA binding,?Id1?and?Id3) canonical BMP signaling .

HY-N0316

Mollugin 2 Publications Verification	JAK NF-κB Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Apoptosis VEGFR c-Myc	Cancer
Mollugin is an orally active and potent NF-κB inhibitor. Mollugin induces S-phase arrest of HepG2 cells, and increased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Mollugin induces DNA damage in HepG2 cells, as well as an increase in the expression of p-H2AX. Mollugin shows anti-cancer effect by inhibiting TNF-α-induced NF-κB activation. Mollugin enhances the osteogenic action of BMP-2 (bone morphogenetic protein 2) via the p38-Smad signaling pathway .

HY-P99590A

Sotatercept (mIgG2a) 1 Publications Verification RAP-011	TGF-β Receptor TGF-beta/Smad	Cardiovascular Disease Metabolic Disease
Sotatercept (mIgG2a) (RAP-011), the murine homolog of Sotatercept (ACE-011) (HY-P99590), is a soluble activin receptor type IIA (ActRIIA) ligand trap. Sotatercept (mIgG2a) inhibits the binding of activin A and other members of the TGF-β superfamily (such as Activin A/B, GDF11 and BMP9/10) to their receptors by combining and neutralizing them, thereby regulating cell proliferation and differentiation. Sotatercept (mIgG2a) mainly inhibits the *SMAD2/3* signaling pathway, and can be used in various diseases such as chronic kidney disease. Sotatercept (mIgG2a) reduces the expression of erythropoietic hepcidin (ERFE), regulates iron metabolism, and promotes red blood cell production. Sotatercept (mIgG2a) has a dual effect of promoting bone formation (anabolic) and inhibiting bone resorption (catabolic) .

HY-N0559

Kirenol 1 Publications Verification	Casein Kinase Apoptosis AMPK Akt NF-κB TGF-beta/Smad	Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
Kirenol is a diterpenoid compound, an orally active apoptosis inducer and signaling pathway regulator, with a K_d value of 5.47 μM against the target CK2. Kirenol promotes the cleavage of Bid into tBid, regulates the protein levels/phosphorylation of Bax, Bcl-2, p53 and p21, and induces caspase-independent apoptosis, S-phase cell cycle arrest, ROS accumulation and cytotoxicity in cancer cells. Kirenol activates the CK2/AKT and AMPK-mTOR-ULK1 pathways, inhibits the signaling of NF-κB, *TGF-β/Smads* and NLRP3 inflammasome, and regulates the GSK3β, *BMP* and Wnt/β-catenin pathways. Kirenol induces autophagy, mitophagy and osteoblast differentiation, promotes mitochondrial fusion, and exerts antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic, renoprotective, cardioprotective, neuroprotective and analgesic effects. Kirenol is applicable to research related to chronic myeloid leukemia, ischemic stroke, diabetic nephropathy, heart failure, acute lung injury and osteoporosis .

HY-164145

CDD-1653	TGF-β Receptor	Others Cancer
CDD-1653 is a potent and selective BMPR2 inhibitor (IC₅₀=2.8 nM). CDD-1653 reduces the ability of ATP to bind to the kinase domain of BMPR2, thereby affecting the phosphorylation of SMAD1/5/8 transcription factors, which play a key role in the BMP signaling pathway. CDD-1653 can be used to study diseases related to the BMP signaling pathway .

HY-P99359

Elezanumab ABT-555; AE12-1Y-QL; Anti-RGMA Reference Antibody (elezanumab)	TGF-beta/Smad	Metabolic Disease
Elezanumab (ABT-555; AE12-1Y-QL) is a human monoclonal antibody that selectively targets repulsive guidance molecule A (RGMa). Elezanumab potently inhibited RGMa mediated BMP signalling via the SMAD1/5/8 pathway, with an IC₅₀ around 97 pM. Elezanumab promotes neuroregeneration and neuroprotection in neuronal injury and demyelination models binds N-terminal RGMa, blocks BMP signaling and lacks RGMc cross-reactivity. elezanumab has neuroregenerative and neuroprotective activities without impact on iron metabolism .

HY-148234

M4K2234	Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) TGF-beta/Smad	Cancer
M4K2234, a chemical probe, is an orally active, highly selective inhibitor of ALK1 and ALK2 with IC₅₀ values of 7 nM and 14 nM, respectively. M4K2234 specifically blocks BMP signaling by inhibiting the phosphorylation of *SMAD1/5/8. M4K2234 inhibits BMP7-stimulated reporter gene activity (IC₅₀* = 16 nM). M4K2234 can be used for the investigation of ALK1/2-mediated biological processes and related diseases such as diffuse midline glioma (DMG) and fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) .

HY-147372

SJ000063181	TGF-beta/Smad	Metabolic Disease
SJ000063181 is a potent *BMP* signaling activator. SJ000063181 activates BMP4 and the phosphorylation of *SMAD1/5/8* (p-SMAD1/5/8). SJ000063181 induces ventralization in zebrafish embryos .

HY-P5832

BMP2-derived peptide	TGF-beta/Smad RUNX	Metabolic Disease
BMP2-derived peptide is an osteogenic inducer and *BMP* receptor ligand. BMP2-derived peptide binds to *BMP* receptors on the cell surface to form a complex, activates the downstream *Smad* signaling pathway, and regulates the expression of osteogenic transcription factors. BMP2-derived peptide effectively promotes the adhesion, proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and mineralization of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, significantly up-regulates the mRNA levels of OCN, Runx2 and type I collagen, and increases alkaline phosphatase activity and calcium deposition. BMP2-derived peptide induces osteoblast differentiation and ectopic bone regeneration, and improves cranial bone defect repair. Meanwhile, BMP2-derived peptide enhances the cytocompatibility of mesoporous silica nanoparticles, synergistically increases osteogenic activity with Dexamethasone (HY-14648), serving as an important tool for bone defect repair research .

HY-150795

SY-LB-35	TGF-beta/Smad PI3K Akt ERK JNK	Others
SY-LB-35 is a potent *bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) receptor* agonist. SY-LB-35 can stimulate significant increases in cell number and cell viability in the C2C12 myoblast cell line, and causes shifts towards the S and G2/M phases of the cell cycle. SY-LB-35 stimulates canonical *Smad* and non-canonical PI3K/Akt, ERK, p38 and JNK intracellular signaling pathways .

HY-174416

Smurf1-IN-5	E1/E2/E3 Enzyme	Cardiovascular Disease
Smurf1-IN-5 (Compound cpd-6) is an allosteric SMAD ubiquitin regulatory factor 1 (SMURF1) inhibitor. Smurf1-IN-5 leads to a reduction in the ubiquitylation of substrates such as BMPR2 (bone morphogenetic protein receptor 2) and SMAD1, enhancing the BMP (bone morphogenetic protein) signaling pathway. Smurf1-IN-5 is promising for research of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) .

HY-N0316R

Mollugin (Standard)	JAK Reference Standards NF-κB Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Apoptosis VEGFR c-Myc	Cancer
Mollugin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Mollugin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Mollugin is an orally active and potent NF-κB inhibitor. Mollugin induces S-phase arrest of HepG2 cells, and increased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Mollugin induces DNA damage in HepG2 cells, as well as an increase in the expression of p-H2AX. Mollugin shows anti-cancer effect by inhibiting TNF-α-induced NF-κB activation. Mollugin enhances the osteogenic action of BMP-2 (bone morphogenetic protein 2) via the p38-Smad signaling pathway .

HY-143891

Chromenone 1	TGF-β Receptor	Others
Chromenone 1 is a potent osteogenic bone morphogenetic protein *(BMP)* potentiator. Chromenone 1 exhibits a unique mode of action as it induces a pronounced, kinase-independent, negative TGFβ feedback that enhances nuclear BMP-Smad signaling outputs .

HY-N0559R

Kirenol (Standard)	Reference Standards Casein Kinase Apoptosis AMPK Akt NF-κB TGF-beta/Smad	Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
Kirenol (Standard) is the analytical standard of Kirenol (HY-N0559). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Kirenol is a diterpenoid compound, an orally active apoptosis inducer and signaling pathway regulator, with a K_d value of 5.47 μM against the target CK2. Kirenol promotes the cleavage of Bid into tBid, regulates the protein levels/phosphorylation of Bax, Bcl-2, p53 and p21, and induces caspase-independent apoptosis, S-phase cell cycle arrest, ROS accumulation and cytotoxicity in cancer cells. Kirenol activates the CK2/AKT and AMPK-mTOR-ULK1 pathways, inhibits the signaling of NF-κB, TGF-β/Smads and NLRP3 inflammasome, and regulates the GSK3β, BMP and Wnt/β-catenin pathways. Kirenol induces autophagy, mitophagy and osteoblast differentiation, promotes mitochondrial fusion, and exerts antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic, renoprotective, cardioprotective, neuroprotective and analgesic effects. Kirenol is applicable to research related to chronic myeloid leukemia, ischemic stroke, diabetic nephropathy, heart failure, acute lung injury and osteoporosis.

HY-P991855

RKER-216	TGF-β Receptor	Metabolic Disease
RKER-216 is a human monoclonal IgG antibody inhibitor targeting ALK2 with a K_D of 58.7 pM. RKER-216 reduces hepcidin transcription in Hep3B.RKER-216 competes with BMP ligands for binding to the extracellular domain of ALK2, thereby inhibiting BMP-SMAD signal. RKER-216 mobilizes tissue iron effectively in inflammatory conditions. RKER-216 improves microcytic anemia in a dose-dependent manner by inhibiting SMAD signaling to reduce hepcidin and promote iron absorption and utilization in vivo. RKER-216 can be used for research on anemia of inflammation .

HY-126675G

AS2863619	CDK TGF-beta/Smad Apoptosis	Inflammation/Immunology
AS2863619 GMP is AS2863619 (HY-126675) produced by using GMP guidelines. GMP small molecules works appropriately as an auxiliary reagent for cell therapy manufacture. AS2863619 is an orally active CDK8/19 inhibitor that also inhibits *BMP2, MDA5* and RIG-I receptors. AS2863619 targets Stat5a-CDK8/19 to promote the differentiation of CD4 ⁺ T cells into regulatory T cells and induce FOXP3 expression, thereby restoring immune homeostasis and establishing transplant immune tolerance. AS2863619 also enhances the *BMP2/SMAD* signaling pathway to promote osteogenic differentiation and inhibit adipogenic differentiation. AS2863619 exerts osteoprotective effects by alleviating inflammation-induced impairment of osteogenic function and inducing neutrophil apoptosis (apoptosis). AS2863619 can be applied to research in related fields such as periodontitis-induced bone defects .

Cat. No.	Product Name

HY-L018

TGF-beta/Smad Compound Library	428 compounds
The transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling pathway is involved in many cellular processes in both the adult organism and the developing embryo including cell growth, cell differentiation, apoptosis, cellular homeostasis and other cellular functions. The TGF-β superfamily comprises TGF-βs, bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), activins and related proteins. Signaling begins with the binding of a TGF beta superfamily ligand to a TGF beta type II receptor. The type II receptor is a serine/threonine receptor kinase, which catalyzes the phosphorylation of the Type I receptor. The type I receptor then phosphorylates receptor-regulated SMADs (R-SMADs) which can now bind the coSMAD (e.g. SMAD4). R-SMAD/coSMAD complexes accumulate in the nucleus where they act as transcription factors and participate in the regulation of target gene expression. Deregulation of TGF-β signaling contributes to developmental defects and human diseases, including cancers, some bone diseases, chronic kidney disease, etc. MCE designs a unique collection of 428 TGF-beta/Smad signaling pathway compounds. TGF-beta/Smad Compound Library acts as a useful tool for TGF-beta/Smad-related drug screening and disease research.

TGF-beta/Smad Compound Library

428 compounds

The transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling pathway is involved in many cellular processes in both the adult organism and the developing embryo including cell growth, cell differentiation, apoptosis, cellular homeostasis and other cellular functions. The TGF-β superfamily comprises TGF-βs, bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), activins and related proteins. Signaling begins with the binding of a TGF beta superfamily ligand to a TGF beta type II receptor. The type II receptor is a serine/threonine receptor kinase, which catalyzes the phosphorylation of the Type I receptor. The type I receptor then phosphorylates receptor-regulated SMADs (R-SMADs) which can now bind the coSMAD (e.g. SMAD4). R-SMAD/coSMAD complexes accumulate in the nucleus where they act as transcription factors and participate in the regulation of target gene expression. Deregulation of TGF-β signaling contributes to developmental defects and human diseases, including cancers, some bone diseases, chronic kidney disease, etc.

MCE designs a unique collection of 428 TGF-beta/Smad signaling pathway compounds. TGF-beta/Smad Compound Library acts as a useful tool for TGF-beta/Smad-related drug screening and disease research.

Cat. No.	Product Name	Type

HY-126675G

AS2863619	Fluorescent Dyes
AS2863619 GMP is AS2863619 (HY-126675) produced by using GMP guidelines. GMP small molecules works appropriately as an auxiliary reagent for cell therapy manufacture. AS2863619 is an orally active CDK8/19 inhibitor that also inhibits *BMP2, MDA5* and RIG-I receptors. AS2863619 targets Stat5a-CDK8/19 to promote the differentiation of CD4 ⁺ T cells into regulatory T cells and induce FOXP3 expression, thereby restoring immune homeostasis and establishing transplant immune tolerance. AS2863619 also enhances the *BMP2/SMAD* signaling pathway to promote osteogenic differentiation and inhibit adipogenic differentiation. AS2863619 exerts osteoprotective effects by alleviating inflammation-induced impairment of osteogenic function and inducing neutrophil apoptosis (apoptosis). AS2863619 can be applied to research in related fields such as periodontitis-induced bone defects .

AS2863619

Fluorescent Dyes

AS2863619 GMP is AS2863619 (HY-126675) produced by using GMP guidelines. GMP small molecules works appropriately as an auxiliary reagent for cell therapy manufacture. AS2863619 is an orally active CDK8/19 inhibitor that also inhibits BMP2, MDA5 and RIG-I receptors. AS2863619 targets Stat5a-CDK8/19 to promote the differentiation of CD4 ⁺ T cells into regulatory T cells and induce FOXP3 expression, thereby restoring immune homeostasis and establishing transplant immune tolerance. AS2863619 also enhances the BMP2/SMAD signaling pathway to promote osteogenic differentiation and inhibit adipogenic differentiation. AS2863619 exerts osteoprotective effects by alleviating inflammation-induced impairment of osteogenic function and inducing neutrophil apoptosis (apoptosis). AS2863619 can be applied to research in related fields such as periodontitis-induced bone defects .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Type

HY-126675G

AS2863619	Biochemical Assay Reagents
AS2863619 GMP is AS2863619 (HY-126675) produced by using GMP guidelines. GMP small molecules works appropriately as an auxiliary reagent for cell therapy manufacture. AS2863619 is an orally active CDK8/19 inhibitor that also inhibits *BMP2, MDA5* and RIG-I receptors. AS2863619 targets Stat5a-CDK8/19 to promote the differentiation of CD4 ⁺ T cells into regulatory T cells and induce FOXP3 expression, thereby restoring immune homeostasis and establishing transplant immune tolerance. AS2863619 also enhances the *BMP2/SMAD* signaling pathway to promote osteogenic differentiation and inhibit adipogenic differentiation. AS2863619 exerts osteoprotective effects by alleviating inflammation-induced impairment of osteogenic function and inducing neutrophil apoptosis (apoptosis). AS2863619 can be applied to research in related fields such as periodontitis-induced bone defects .

AS2863619

Biochemical Assay Reagents

AS2863619 GMP is AS2863619 (HY-126675) produced by using GMP guidelines. GMP small molecules works appropriately as an auxiliary reagent for cell therapy manufacture. AS2863619 is an orally active CDK8/19 inhibitor that also inhibits BMP2, MDA5 and RIG-I receptors. AS2863619 targets Stat5a-CDK8/19 to promote the differentiation of CD4 ⁺ T cells into regulatory T cells and induce FOXP3 expression, thereby restoring immune homeostasis and establishing transplant immune tolerance. AS2863619 also enhances the BMP2/SMAD signaling pathway to promote osteogenic differentiation and inhibit adipogenic differentiation. AS2863619 exerts osteoprotective effects by alleviating inflammation-induced impairment of osteogenic function and inducing neutrophil apoptosis (apoptosis). AS2863619 can be applied to research in related fields such as periodontitis-induced bone defects .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Area

HY-P5832

BMP2-derived peptide	TGF-beta/Smad RUNX	Metabolic Disease
BMP2-derived peptide is an osteogenic inducer and *BMP* receptor ligand. BMP2-derived peptide binds to *BMP* receptors on the cell surface to form a complex, activates the downstream *Smad* signaling pathway, and regulates the expression of osteogenic transcription factors. BMP2-derived peptide effectively promotes the adhesion, proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and mineralization of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, significantly up-regulates the mRNA levels of OCN, Runx2 and type I collagen, and increases alkaline phosphatase activity and calcium deposition. BMP2-derived peptide induces osteoblast differentiation and ectopic bone regeneration, and improves cranial bone defect repair. Meanwhile, BMP2-derived peptide enhances the cytocompatibility of mesoporous silica nanoparticles, synergistically increases osteogenic activity with Dexamethasone (HY-14648), serving as an important tool for bone defect repair research .

Cat. No.	Product Name

HY-K6301

Human iPSC/ESC Cortical Brain Organoid Induction Differentiation Kit
MCE Human iPSC/ESC Cortical Brain Organoid Induction Differentiation Kit is a standardized culture system specifically designed to recapitulate the developmental processes and functional features of the human cerebral cortex through forebrain ventralization-based signaling regulation. By sequentially activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and gradually inhibiting BMP/Smad signaling, this system efficiently drives human pluripotent stem cells (PSC) to differentiate into high-purity glutamatergic neurons (VGLUT1/2⁺ > 85%), while simultaneously promoting the formation of Pax6⁺/BLBP⁺ radial glial cells that establish a biomimetic ventricular-zone–like structure.

Human iPSC/ESC Cortical Brain Organoid Induction Differentiation Kit

MCE Human iPSC/ESC Cortical Brain Organoid Induction Differentiation Kit is a standardized culture system specifically designed to recapitulate the developmental processes and functional features of the human cerebral cortex through forebrain ventralization-based signaling regulation. By sequentially activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and gradually inhibiting BMP/Smad signaling, this system efficiently drives human pluripotent stem cells (PSC) to differentiate into high-purity glutamatergic neurons (VGLUT1/2⁺ > 85%), while simultaneously promoting the formation of Pax6⁺/BLBP⁺ radial glial cells that establish a biomimetic ventricular-zone–like structure.

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Area	Image

HY-P99590A

Sotatercept (mIgG2a) 1 Publications Verification RAP-011	TGF-β Receptor TGF-beta/Smad	Cardiovascular Disease Metabolic Disease
Sotatercept (mIgG2a) (RAP-011), the murine homolog of Sotatercept (ACE-011) (HY-P99590), is a soluble activin receptor type IIA (ActRIIA) ligand trap. Sotatercept (mIgG2a) inhibits the binding of activin A and other members of the TGF-β superfamily (such as Activin A/B, GDF11 and BMP9/10) to their receptors by combining and neutralizing them, thereby regulating cell proliferation and differentiation. Sotatercept (mIgG2a) mainly inhibits the *SMAD2/3* signaling pathway, and can be used in various diseases such as chronic kidney disease. Sotatercept (mIgG2a) reduces the expression of erythropoietic hepcidin (ERFE), regulates iron metabolism, and promotes red blood cell production. Sotatercept (mIgG2a) has a dual effect of promoting bone formation (anabolic) and inhibiting bone resorption (catabolic) .

HY-P99359

Elezanumab ABT-555; AE12-1Y-QL; Anti-RGMA Reference Antibody (elezanumab)	TGF-beta/Smad	Metabolic Disease
Elezanumab (ABT-555; AE12-1Y-QL) is a human monoclonal antibody that selectively targets repulsive guidance molecule A (RGMa). Elezanumab potently inhibited RGMa mediated BMP signalling via the SMAD1/5/8 pathway, with an IC₅₀ around 97 pM. Elezanumab promotes neuroregeneration and neuroprotection in neuronal injury and demyelination models binds N-terminal RGMa, blocks BMP signaling and lacks RGMc cross-reactivity. elezanumab has neuroregenerative and neuroprotective activities without impact on iron metabolism .

HY-P991855

RKER-216	TGF-β Receptor	Metabolic Disease
RKER-216 is a human monoclonal IgG antibody inhibitor targeting ALK2 with a K_D of 58.7 pM. RKER-216 reduces hepcidin transcription in Hep3B.RKER-216 competes with BMP ligands for binding to the extracellular domain of ALK2, thereby inhibiting BMP-SMAD signal. RKER-216 mobilizes tissue iron effectively in inflammatory conditions. RKER-216 improves microcytic anemia in a dose-dependent manner by inhibiting SMAD signaling to reduce hepcidin and promote iron absorption and utilization in vivo. RKER-216 can be used for research on anemia of inflammation .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Category	Target	Chemical Structure

HY-N0316

Mollugin 2 Publications Verification	Monophenols Classification of Application Fields Terpenoids Sesquiterpenes Rubiaceae Phenols Plants Disease Research Fields Rubia cordifolia L. Source Classification Cancer	JAK NF-κB Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Apoptosis VEGFR c-Myc
Mollugin is an orally active and potent NF-κB inhibitor. Mollugin induces S-phase arrest of HepG2 cells, and increased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Mollugin induces DNA damage in HepG2 cells, as well as an increase in the expression of p-H2AX. Mollugin shows anti-cancer effect by inhibiting TNF-α-induced NF-κB activation. Mollugin enhances the osteogenic action of BMP-2 (bone morphogenetic protein 2) via the p38-Smad signaling pathway .

HY-N0559

Kirenol 1 Publications Verification	Structural Classification Terpenoids Bituminaria morisiana (Pignatti & Metlesics) Greuter Diterpenoids Plants Compositae Source Classification	Casein Kinase Apoptosis AMPK Akt NF-κB TGF-beta/Smad
Kirenol is a diterpenoid compound, an orally active apoptosis inducer and signaling pathway regulator, with a K_d value of 5.47 μM against the target CK2. Kirenol promotes the cleavage of Bid into tBid, regulates the protein levels/phosphorylation of Bax, Bcl-2, p53 and p21, and induces caspase-independent apoptosis, S-phase cell cycle arrest, ROS accumulation and cytotoxicity in cancer cells. Kirenol activates the CK2/AKT and AMPK-mTOR-ULK1 pathways, inhibits the signaling of NF-κB, *TGF-β/Smads* and NLRP3 inflammasome, and regulates the GSK3β, *BMP* and Wnt/β-catenin pathways. Kirenol induces autophagy, mitophagy and osteoblast differentiation, promotes mitochondrial fusion, and exerts antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic, renoprotective, cardioprotective, neuroprotective and analgesic effects. Kirenol is applicable to research related to chronic myeloid leukemia, ischemic stroke, diabetic nephropathy, heart failure, acute lung injury and osteoporosis .

HY-N0316R

Mollugin (Standard)	Structural Classification Monophenols Terpenoids Sesquiterpenes Rubiaceae Phenols Plants Rubia cordifolia L. Source Classification	JAK Reference Standards NF-κB Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Apoptosis VEGFR c-Myc
Mollugin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Mollugin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Mollugin is an orally active and potent NF-κB inhibitor. Mollugin induces S-phase arrest of HepG2 cells, and increased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Mollugin induces DNA damage in HepG2 cells, as well as an increase in the expression of p-H2AX. Mollugin shows anti-cancer effect by inhibiting TNF-α-induced NF-κB activation. Mollugin enhances the osteogenic action of BMP-2 (bone morphogenetic protein 2) via the p38-Smad signaling pathway .

HY-N0559R

Kirenol (Standard)	Structural Classification Terpenoids Bituminaria morisiana (Pignatti & Metlesics) Greuter Diterpenoids Plants Compositae Source Classification	Reference Standards Casein Kinase Apoptosis AMPK Akt NF-κB TGF-beta/Smad
Kirenol (Standard) is the analytical standard of Kirenol (HY-N0559). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Kirenol is a diterpenoid compound, an orally active apoptosis inducer and signaling pathway regulator, with a K_d value of 5.47 μM against the target CK2. Kirenol promotes the cleavage of Bid into tBid, regulates the protein levels/phosphorylation of Bax, Bcl-2, p53 and p21, and induces caspase-independent apoptosis, S-phase cell cycle arrest, ROS accumulation and cytotoxicity in cancer cells. Kirenol activates the CK2/AKT and AMPK-mTOR-ULK1 pathways, inhibits the signaling of NF-κB, TGF-β/Smads and NLRP3 inflammasome, and regulates the GSK3β, BMP and Wnt/β-catenin pathways. Kirenol induces autophagy, mitophagy and osteoblast differentiation, promotes mitochondrial fusion, and exerts antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic, renoprotective, cardioprotective, neuroprotective and analgesic effects. Kirenol is applicable to research related to chronic myeloid leukemia, ischemic stroke, diabetic nephropathy, heart failure, acute lung injury and osteoporosis.

Targets Recommended: RGS Protein TGF-beta/Smad

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Areas	Chemical Structure

HY-126675G

AS2863619	CDK TGF-beta/Smad Apoptosis	Inflammation/Immunology
AS2863619 GMP is AS2863619 (HY-126675) produced by using GMP guidelines. GMP small molecules works appropriately as an auxiliary reagent for cell therapy manufacture. AS2863619 is an orally active CDK8/19 inhibitor that also inhibits *BMP2, MDA5* and RIG-I receptors. AS2863619 targets Stat5a-CDK8/19 to promote the differentiation of CD4 ⁺ T cells into regulatory T cells and induce FOXP3 expression, thereby restoring immune homeostasis and establishing transplant immune tolerance. AS2863619 also enhances the *BMP2/SMAD* signaling pathway to promote osteogenic differentiation and inhibit adipogenic differentiation. AS2863619 exerts osteoprotective effects by alleviating inflammation-induced impairment of osteogenic function and inducing neutrophil apoptosis (apoptosis). AS2863619 can be applied to research in related fields such as periodontitis-induced bone defects .

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Inhibitors & Agonists

Screening Libraries

Fluorescent Dyes

Biochemical Assay Reagents

Peptides

MCE Kits

Inhibitory Antibodies

Natural
Products

GMP Molecules

BMP/SMAD signaling

Inhibitors & Agonists

Screening Libraries

Fluorescent Dyes

Biochemical Assay Reagents

Peptides

MCE Kits

Inhibitory Antibodies

NaturalProducts

GMP Molecules

Natural
Products