Cat. No.: HY-B0451

Dopamine

(Synonyms: ASL279 free base)

29 Cited Publications

Customer Review

Based on 29 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Dopamine is a catecholamine neurotransmitter that is produced in the substantia nigra, ventral tegmental area, and hypothalamus of the brain. Dopamine plays several important roles in the brain and body. Dopamine acts through D2 dopamine receptors to induce endocytosis of VEGFR2, which is critical for promoting angiogenesis.

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Purity: 98.56%
CAS No.: 51-61-6
Formula: C₈H₁₁NO₂
Molecular Weight:153.18

Storage:

-20°C, protect from light, stored under nitrogen

* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light, stored under nitrogen)

Dopamine Chemical Structure

CAS No.: 51-61-6

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Fluorescent Dye

Strong Fluorescence Signal / Multi-Disciplinary Applications / High Fluorescence Specificity

Biological Activity
- Description
- IC₅₀ & Target
- Cellular Effect
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
- Clinical Trial
Chemical Information
Publications (29)
Solvent & Solubility
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
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Biological Activity

Description

Dopamine is a catecholamine neurotransmitter that is produced in the substantia nigra, ventral tegmental area, and hypothalamus of the brain. Dopamine plays several important roles in the brain and body^[1]. Dopamine acts through D2 dopamine receptors to induce endocytosis of VEGFR2, which is critical for promoting angiogenesis^[1].

IC₅₀ & Target

Microbial Metabolite

D2 Dopamine Receptor

All Dopamine Receptor Isoforms :

All Endogenous Metabolite Isoforms :

Cellular Effect

Cell Line	Type	Value	Description	References
AtT20	EC₅₀	8.53 nM Compound: DA, dopamine	Agonist activity at human cloned dopamine D3 receptor expressed in AtT-20 cells assessed as stimulation of [35S]GTP-gamma-S binding Agonist activity at human cloned dopamine D3 receptor expressed in AtT-20 cells assessed as stimulation of [35S]GTP-gamma-S binding	[PMID: 18072730]
AtT20	EC₅₀	8.53 nM Compound: dopamine	Agonist activity at human dopamine D3 receptor expressed in mouse AtT-20 cells assessed as stimulation of [35S]GTPgamma binding Agonist activity at human dopamine D3 receptor expressed in mouse AtT-20 cells assessed as stimulation of [35S]GTPgamma binding	[PMID: 20038106]
CHO	EC₅₀	209 nM Compound: DA, dopamine	Agonist activity at human cloned dopamine D2L receptor expressed in CHO cells assessed as stimulation of [35S]GTPgammaS binding Agonist activity at human cloned dopamine D2L receptor expressed in CHO cells assessed as stimulation of [35S]GTPgammaS binding	[PMID: 18072730]
CHO	EC₅₀	35 nM Compound: dopamine	Agonist activity at human recombinant dopamine D1 receptor expressed in CHO cells assessed as stimulation of cAMP production Agonist activity at human recombinant dopamine D1 receptor expressed in CHO cells assessed as stimulation of cAMP production	[PMID: 18313303]
CHO	EC₅₀	43 nM Compound: dopamine	Agonist activity at human dopamine D2 receptor expressed in CHO cells assessed as inhibition of forskolin-stimulated cAMP production Agonist activity at human dopamine D2 receptor expressed in CHO cells assessed as inhibition of forskolin-stimulated cAMP production	[PMID: 18313303]
CHO	EC₅₀	209 nM Compound: Dopamine	Agonist activity at human dopamine D2L receptor expressed in CHO cells assessed as stimulation of [35S]GTPgammaS binding Agonist activity at human dopamine D2L receptor expressed in CHO cells assessed as stimulation of [35S]GTPgammaS binding	[PMID: 18410082]
CHO	EC₅₀	209 nM Compound: Dopamine	Activity at human dopamine D2L receptor expressed in CHO cells assessed as stimulation of [35S]GTPgammaS binding Activity at human dopamine D2L receptor expressed in CHO cells assessed as stimulation of [35S]GTPgammaS binding	[PMID: 19427222]
CHO	EC₅₀	209 nM Compound: dopamine	Agonist activity at human dopamine D2L receptor expressed in CHO cells assessed as stimulation of [35S]GTPgamma binding Agonist activity at human dopamine D2L receptor expressed in CHO cells assessed as stimulation of [35S]GTPgamma binding	[PMID: 20038106]
CHO	EC₅₀	209 nM Compound: dopamine	Agonist activity at human dopamine D2 receptor expressed in CHO cells by [35S]GTPgammaS binding assay Agonist activity at human dopamine D2 receptor expressed in CHO cells by [35S]GTPgammaS binding assay	[PMID: 20146482]
CHO	EC₅₀	4.76 nM Compound: dopamine	Agonist activity at human dopamine D3 receptor expressed in CHO cells by [35S]GTPgammaS binding assay Agonist activity at human dopamine D3 receptor expressed in CHO cells by [35S]GTPgammaS binding assay	[PMID: 20146482]
CHO	EC₅₀	209 nM Compound: Dopamine	Agonist activity at human dopamine D2 receptor expressed in CHO cells assessed as stimulation of [35S]GTPgammaS binding Agonist activity at human dopamine D2 receptor expressed in CHO cells assessed as stimulation of [35S]GTPgammaS binding	[PMID: 20605099]
CHO	EC₅₀	4.76 nM Compound: Dopamine	Agonist activity at human dopamine D3 receptor expressed in CHO cells assessed as stimulation of [35S]GTPgammaS binding Agonist activity at human dopamine D3 receptor expressed in CHO cells assessed as stimulation of [35S]GTPgammaS binding	[PMID: 20605099]
CHO	EC₅₀	227 nM Compound: DA	Agonist activity at human cloned dopamine D2 receptor expressed in CHO cells by [35S]GTPgammaS binding assay Agonist activity at human cloned dopamine D2 receptor expressed in CHO cells by [35S]GTPgammaS binding assay	[PMID: 22642365]
CHO	EC₅₀	8.57 nM Compound: DA	Agonist activity at human cloned dopamine D3 receptor expressed in CHO cells by [35S]GTPgammaS binding assay Agonist activity at human cloned dopamine D3 receptor expressed in CHO cells by [35S]GTPgammaS binding assay	[PMID: 22642365]
CHO	EC₅₀	240 nM Compound: Dopamine	Agonist activity at human cloned dopamine D2 receptor expressed in CHO cells by [35S]GTP gammaS binding assay Agonist activity at human cloned dopamine D2 receptor expressed in CHO cells by [35S]GTP gammaS binding assay	[PMID: 23275802]
CHO	EC₅₀	5.8 nM Compound: Dopamine	Agonist activity at human cloned dopamine D3 receptor expressed in CHO cells by [35S]GTP gammaS binding assay Agonist activity at human cloned dopamine D3 receptor expressed in CHO cells by [35S]GTP gammaS binding assay	[PMID: 23275802]
CHO	EC₅₀	227 nM Compound: DA	Agonist activity at human dopamine D2L receptor expressed in CHO cells assessed as stimulation of [35S]GTPgammaS binding after 60 mins by scintillation counting analysis Agonist activity at human dopamine D2L receptor expressed in CHO cells assessed as stimulation of [35S]GTPgammaS binding after 60 mins by scintillation counting analysis	[PMID: 23623679]
CHO	EC₅₀	7.64 nM Compound: DA	Agonist activity at human dopamine D3 receptor expressed in CHO cells assessed as stimulation of [35S]GTPgammaS binding after 60 mins by scintillation counting analysis Agonist activity at human dopamine D3 receptor expressed in CHO cells assessed as stimulation of [35S]GTPgammaS binding after 60 mins by scintillation counting analysis	[PMID: 23623679]
CHO	EC₅₀	36 nM Compound: Dopamine	Agonist activity at human dopamine D2 receptor expressed in CHO cells assessed as increase of forskolin-induced cAMP production after 20 mins Agonist activity at human dopamine D2 receptor expressed in CHO cells assessed as increase of forskolin-induced cAMP production after 20 mins	[PMID: 24296012]
CHO	EC₅₀	39 nM Compound: Dopamine	Agonist activity at human recombinant dopamine D1 receptor expressed in CHO cells assessed as cAMP production after 20 mins Agonist activity at human recombinant dopamine D1 receptor expressed in CHO cells assessed as cAMP production after 20 mins	[PMID: 24296012]
CHO	EC₅₀	10.6 nM Compound: Dopamine	Agonist activity at human dopamine D3 receptor expressed in CHO cells assessed as stimulation of [35S]GTPgammaS binding Agonist activity at human dopamine D3 receptor expressed in CHO cells assessed as stimulation of [35S]GTPgammaS binding	[PMID: 24471976]
CHO	EC₅₀	218 nM Compound: Dopamine	Agonist activity at human dopamine D2 receptor expressed in CHO cells assessed as stimulation of [35S]GTPgammaS binding Agonist activity at human dopamine D2 receptor expressed in CHO cells assessed as stimulation of [35S]GTPgammaS binding	[PMID: 24471976]
CHO	EC₅₀	183 nM Compound: DA	Agonist activity at human D2 receptor expressed in CHO cells by [35S]GTPgammaS binding assay Agonist activity at human D2 receptor expressed in CHO cells by [35S]GTPgammaS binding assay	[PMID: 26555041]
CHO	EC₅₀	5.34 nM Compound: DA	Agonist activity at human D3 receptor expressed in CHO cells by [35S]GTPgammaS binding assay Agonist activity at human D3 receptor expressed in CHO cells by [35S]GTPgammaS binding assay	[PMID: 26555041]
CHO	EC₅₀	376 nM Compound: Dopamine	Agonist activity at human D2 dopamine receptor expressed in CHO cells by [35S]GTPgammaS binding assay Agonist activity at human D2 dopamine receptor expressed in CHO cells by [35S]GTPgammaS binding assay	[PMID: 27591013]
CHO	EC₅₀	7.26 nM Compound: Dopamine	Agonist activity at human D3 dopamine receptor expressed in CHO cells by [35S]GTPgammaS binding assay Agonist activity at human D3 dopamine receptor expressed in CHO cells by [35S]GTPgammaS binding assay	[PMID: 27591013]
CHO-K1	EC₅₀	1425 nM Compound: Dopamine	Agonist activity at rat dopamine D2short receptor expressed in CHO-K1 cells assessed as stimulation of [35S]GTPgammaS binding by liquid scintillation counting Agonist activity at rat dopamine D2short receptor expressed in CHO-K1 cells assessed as stimulation of [35S]GTPgammaS binding by liquid scintillation counting	[PMID: 19454369]
CHO-K1	EC₅₀	1.8 nM Compound: Dopamine	Agonist activity at dopamine D3 receptor (unknown origin) expressed in CHOK1 cells coexpressing Galpha15 by FLIPR assay Agonist activity at dopamine D3 receptor (unknown origin) expressed in CHOK1 cells coexpressing Galpha15 by FLIPR assay	[PMID: 23675993]
CHO-K1	EC₅₀	6.7 nM Compound: Dopamine	Agonist activity at dopamine D2 receptor (unknown origin) expressed in CHOK1 cells coexpressing Galpha15 by FLIPR assay Agonist activity at dopamine D2 receptor (unknown origin) expressed in CHOK1 cells coexpressing Galpha15 by FLIPR assay	[PMID: 23675993]
CHO-K1	EC₅₀	0.69 nM Compound: Dopamine	Agonist activity at D2 receptor (unknown origin) expressed in CHOK1 cells co-expressing G-alpha 15 by fluo-4 dye based FLIPR assay Agonist activity at D2 receptor (unknown origin) expressed in CHOK1 cells co-expressing G-alpha 15 by fluo-4 dye based FLIPR assay	[PMID: 27487565]
COS-7	IC₅₀	111 nM Compound: Dopamine	Displacement of [3H]nemonapride from Rattus norvegicus (rat) wild type dopamine D3 receptor transfected in african green monkey COS7 cells after 1 hr by beta scintillation counting Displacement of [3H]nemonapride from Rattus norvegicus (rat) wild type dopamine D3 receptor transfected in african green monkey COS7 cells after 1 hr by beta scintillation counting	10.1007/s00044-004-0006-x
COS-7	IC₅₀	124 nM Compound: Dopamine	Displacement of [3H]nemonapride from Rattus norvegicus (rat) chimeric dopamine D3 trunk/D3 tail receptor transfected in african green monkey COS7 cells after 1 hr by beta scintillation counting Displacement of [3H]nemonapride from Rattus norvegicus (rat) chimeric dopamine D3 trunk/D3 tail receptor transfected in african green monkey COS7 cells after 1 hr by beta scintillation counting	10.1007/s00044-004-0006-x
COS-7	IC₅₀	3140 nM Compound: Dopamine	Displacement of [3H]nemonapride from Rattus norvegicus (rat) wild type dopamine D2 receptor transfected in african green monkey COS7 cells after 1 hr by beta scintillation counting Displacement of [3H]nemonapride from Rattus norvegicus (rat) wild type dopamine D2 receptor transfected in african green monkey COS7 cells after 1 hr by beta scintillation counting	10.1007/s00044-004-0006-x
COS-7	IC₅₀	3260 nM Compound: Dopamine	Displacement of [3H]nemonapride from Rattus norvegicus (rat) chimeric dopamine D2 trunk/D2 tail receptor transfected in african green monkey COS7 cells after 1 hr by beta scintillation counting Displacement of [3H]nemonapride from Rattus norvegicus (rat) chimeric dopamine D2 trunk/D2 tail receptor transfected in african green monkey COS7 cells after 1 hr by beta scintillation counting	10.1007/s00044-004-0006-x
COS-7	IC₅₀	483 nM Compound: Dopamine	Displacement of [3H]nemonapride from Rattus norvegicus (rat) chimeric dopamine D3 trunk/D2 tail receptor transfected in african green monkey COS7 cells after 1 hr by beta scintillation counting Displacement of [3H]nemonapride from Rattus norvegicus (rat) chimeric dopamine D3 trunk/D2 tail receptor transfected in african green monkey COS7 cells after 1 hr by beta scintillation counting	10.1007/s00044-004-0006-x
COS-7	IC₅₀	582 nM Compound: Dopamine	Displacement of [3H]nemonapride from Rattus norvegicus (rat) chimeric dopamine D2 trunk/D3 tail receptor transfected in african green monkey COS7 cells after 1 hr by beta scintillation counting Displacement of [3H]nemonapride from Rattus norvegicus (rat) chimeric dopamine D2 trunk/D3 tail receptor transfected in african green monkey COS7 cells after 1 hr by beta scintillation counting	10.1007/s00044-004-0006-x
HEK293	IC₅₀	460 nM Compound: Dopamine	Inhibition of [3H]dopamine uptake in HEK cells expressing human DAT Inhibition of [3H]dopamine uptake in HEK cells expressing human DAT	[PMID: 14592523]
HEK293	IC₅₀	6.63 nM Compound: Dopamine	Inhibition of [3H]norepinephrine uptake in HEK cells expressing human NET Inhibition of [3H]norepinephrine uptake in HEK cells expressing human NET	[PMID: 14592523]
HEK293	IC₅₀	>30000 nM Compound: Dopamine	Inhibition of [3H]5-HT uptake in HEK cells expressing human SERT Inhibition of [3H]5-HT uptake in HEK cells expressing human SERT	[PMID: 14592523]
HEK293	EC₅₀	1.1 nM Compound: Dopamine	In vitro effective concentration tested on HEK293 cells co-transfected with rat Dopamine receptor D2 using FLIPR assay In vitro effective concentration tested on HEK293 cells co-transfected with rat Dopamine receptor D2 using FLIPR assay	[PMID: 15239663]
HEK293	EC₅₀	18 nM Compound: Dopamine	In vitro effective concentration tested on HEK293 cells co-transfected with human Dopamine receptor D2 using FLIPR assay In vitro effective concentration tested on HEK293 cells co-transfected with human Dopamine receptor D2 using FLIPR assay	[PMID: 15239663]
HEK293	EC₅₀	2.2 nM Compound: Dopamine	In vitro effective concentration tested on HEK293 cells co-transfected with human Dopamine receptor D4 using FLIPR assay In vitro effective concentration tested on HEK293 cells co-transfected with human Dopamine receptor D4 using FLIPR assay	[PMID: 15239663]
HEK293	EC₅₀	2.4 nM Compound: Dopamine	In vitro effective concentration tested on HEK293 cells co-transfected with rat Dopamine receptor D4 using FLIPR assay In vitro effective concentration tested on HEK293 cells co-transfected with rat Dopamine receptor D4 using FLIPR assay	[PMID: 15239663]
HEK293	EC₅₀	2.7 nM Compound: Dopamine	In vitro effective concentration tested on HEK293 cells co-transfected with ferret Dopamine receptor D4 using FLIPR assay In vitro effective concentration tested on HEK293 cells co-transfected with ferret Dopamine receptor D4 using FLIPR assay	[PMID: 15239663]
HEK293	EC₅₀	8 nM Compound: Dopamine	In vitro effective concentration tested on HEK293 cells co-transfected with ferret Dopamine receptor D2 using FLIPR assay In vitro effective concentration tested on HEK293 cells co-transfected with ferret Dopamine receptor D2 using FLIPR assay	[PMID: 15239663]
HEK293	EC₅₀	1.1 nM Compound: dopamine	Agonist activity at rat D2 receptor in HEK293 cells coexpressing G-alpha-qo5 by FLIPR Agonist activity at rat D2 receptor in HEK293 cells coexpressing G-alpha-qo5 by FLIPR	[PMID: 17149874]
HEK293	EC₅₀	18 nM Compound: dopamine	Agonist activity at human D2 receptor in HEK293 cells coexpressing G-alpha-qo5 by FLIPR Agonist activity at human D2 receptor in HEK293 cells coexpressing G-alpha-qo5 by FLIPR	[PMID: 17149874]
HEK293	EC₅₀	2.2 nM Compound: dopamine	Agonist activity at human D4.4 receptor in HEK293 cells coexpressing G-alpha-qo5 by FLIPR Agonist activity at human D4.4 receptor in HEK293 cells coexpressing G-alpha-qo5 by FLIPR	[PMID: 17149874]
HEK293	EC₅₀	2.4 nM Compound: dopamine	Agonist activity at rat D4 receptor in HEK293 cells coexpressing G-alpha-qo5 by FLIPR Agonist activity at rat D4 receptor in HEK293 cells coexpressing G-alpha-qo5 by FLIPR	[PMID: 17149874]
HEK293	EC₅₀	2.7 nM Compound: dopamine	Agonist activity at ferret D4 receptor in HEK293 cells coexpressing G-alpha-qo5 by FLIPR Agonist activity at ferret D4 receptor in HEK293 cells coexpressing G-alpha-qo5 by FLIPR	[PMID: 17149874]
HEK293	EC₅₀	8 nM Compound: dopamine	Agonist activity at ferret D2 receptor in HEK293 cells coexpressing Galphaqo5 by FLIPR Agonist activity at ferret D2 receptor in HEK293 cells coexpressing Galphaqo5 by FLIPR	[PMID: 17149874]
HEK293	EC₅₀	10 nM Compound: dopamine	Activity at human dopamine D4.4 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as inhibition of forskolin-stimulated cAMP production Activity at human dopamine D4.4 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as inhibition of forskolin-stimulated cAMP production	[PMID: 17154515]
HEK293	EC₅₀	120 nM Compound: dopamine	Activity at human dopamine D1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of cAMP production Activity at human dopamine D1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of cAMP production	[PMID: 17154515]
HEK293	EC₅₀	5 nM Compound: dopamine	Activity at rat dopamine D2L receptor expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as inhibition of forskolin-stimulated cAMP production Activity at rat dopamine D2L receptor expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as inhibition of forskolin-stimulated cAMP production	[PMID: 17154515]
HEK293	EC₅₀	470 nM Compound: Dopamine	Agonist activity at human dopamine D2 short receptor transiently expressed in HEK293 cells co-expressing Galphai2 after 30 mins by [35S]GTPgammaS binding assay Agonist activity at human dopamine D2 short receptor transiently expressed in HEK293 cells co-expressing Galphai2 after 30 mins by [35S]GTPgammaS binding assay	[PMID: 24831693]
HEK293	EC₅₀	9.3 nM Compound: Dopamine	Agonist activity at human dopamine D3 receptor transiently expressed in HEK293 cells co-expressing Galphao1 after 30 mins by [35S]GTPgammaS binding assay Agonist activity at human dopamine D3 receptor transiently expressed in HEK293 cells co-expressing Galphao1 after 30 mins by [35S]GTPgammaS binding assay	[PMID: 24831693]
HEK293	EC₅₀	0.8 nM Compound: 1; DA	Agonist activity at D2R (unknown origin) expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as effect on cAMP accumulation incubated for 10 mins by Gi-cAMP Glosensor assay Agonist activity at D2R (unknown origin) expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as effect on cAMP accumulation incubated for 10 mins by Gi-cAMP Glosensor assay	[PMID: 31098001]
HEK293	EC₅₀	1.8 nM Compound: 1; DA	Agonist activity at D4R (unknown origin) expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as effect on cAMP accumulation incubated for 10 mins by Gi-cAMP Glosensor assay Agonist activity at D4R (unknown origin) expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as effect on cAMP accumulation incubated for 10 mins by Gi-cAMP Glosensor assay	[PMID: 31098001]
HEK293	EC₅₀	1400 nM Compound: 1; DA	Agonist activity at wild type human D1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as effect on beta-arrestin2 recruitment by PRESTO-Tango beta-arrestin2 recruitment assay Agonist activity at wild type human D1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as effect on beta-arrestin2 recruitment by PRESTO-Tango beta-arrestin2 recruitment assay	[PMID: 31098001]
HEK293	EC₅₀	2 nM Compound: 1; DA	Agonist activity at D5R (unknown origin) expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as effect on cAMP accumulation incubated for 10 mins by Gs-cAMP Glosensor assay Agonist activity at D5R (unknown origin) expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as effect on cAMP accumulation incubated for 10 mins by Gs-cAMP Glosensor assay	[PMID: 31098001]
HEK293	EC₅₀	44 nM Compound: 1; DA	Agonist activity at wild type human D1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as effect on cAMP accumulation incubated for 10 mins by Gs-cAMP Glosensor assay Agonist activity at wild type human D1R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as effect on cAMP accumulation incubated for 10 mins by Gs-cAMP Glosensor assay	[PMID: 31098001]
HEK293	EC₅₀	1.1 nM Compound: DA	Agonist activity at RLuc8-fused Go-coupled human D3R expressed in HEK293 cells untagged beta1 and mVenus-tagged gamma2 measured after 5 mins in presence of coelenterazine H by BRET assay Agonist activity at RLuc8-fused Go-coupled human D3R expressed in HEK293 cells untagged beta1 and mVenus-tagged gamma2 measured after 5 mins in presence of coelenterazine H by BRET assay	[PMID: 32342685]
HEK293	EC₅₀	2.3 nM Compound: DA	Agonist activity at RLuc8-fused human D3R expressed in HEK293 cells co-expressing N-terminal Venus-tagged beta-arrestin2 and GRK3 assessed as induction of beta-arrestin2 recruitment measured after 5 mins in presence of coelenterazine H by BRET assay Agonist activity at RLuc8-fused human D3R expressed in HEK293 cells co-expressing N-terminal Venus-tagged beta-arrestin2 and GRK3 assessed as induction of beta-arrestin2 recruitment measured after 5 mins in presence of coelenterazine H by BRET assay	[PMID: 32342685]
HEK293	EC₅₀	3.5 nM Compound: DA	Agonist activity at human D3R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as inhibition of forskolin-stimulated cAMP production measured after 5 mins in presence of beta-adrenergic blocker propranolol and coelenterazine H by CAMYEL BRET assay Agonist activity at human D3R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as inhibition of forskolin-stimulated cAMP production measured after 5 mins in presence of beta-adrenergic blocker propranolol and coelenterazine H by CAMYEL BRET assay	[PMID: 32342685]
HEK293	EC₅₀	33 nM Compound: DA	Agonist activity at RLuc8-fused human D3R Y365A mutant expressed in HEK293 cells co-expressing N-terminal Venus-tagged beta-arrestin2 and GRK3 assessed as induction of beta-arrestin2 recruitment measured after 5 mins in presence of coelenterazine H by BRE Agonist activity at RLuc8-fused human D3R Y365A mutant expressed in HEK293 cells co-expressing N-terminal Venus-tagged beta-arrestin2 and GRK3 assessed as induction of beta-arrestin2 recruitment measured after 5 mins in presence of coelenterazine H by BRE	[PMID: 32342685]
HEK293	EC₅₀	55 nM Compound: DA	Agonist activity at RLuc8-fused human D3R Y198A mutant expressed in HEK293 cells co-expressing N-terminal Venus-tagged beta-arrestin2 and GRK3 assessed as induction of beta-arrestin2 recruitment measured after 5 mins in presence of coelenterazine H by BRE Agonist activity at RLuc8-fused human D3R Y198A mutant expressed in HEK293 cells co-expressing N-terminal Venus-tagged beta-arrestin2 and GRK3 assessed as induction of beta-arrestin2 recruitment measured after 5 mins in presence of coelenterazine H by BRE	[PMID: 32342685]
HEK293	EC₅₀	820 nM Compound: DA	Agonist activity at RLuc8-fused human D3R Y198A/Y365A double mutant expressed in HEK293 cells co-expressing N-terminal Venus-tagged beta-arrestin2 and GRK3 assessed as induction of beta-arrestin2 recruitment measured after 5 mins in presence of coelentera Agonist activity at RLuc8-fused human D3R Y198A/Y365A double mutant expressed in HEK293 cells co-expressing N-terminal Venus-tagged beta-arrestin2 and GRK3 assessed as induction of beta-arrestin2 recruitment measured after 5 mins in presence of coelentera	[PMID: 32342685]
HEK-293T	EC₅₀	1.8 nM Compound: DA	Agonist activity at human D3 receptor transfected in HEK293T cells by BRET based G0 activation assay Agonist activity at human D3 receptor transfected in HEK293T cells by BRET based G0 activation assay	[PMID: 27035329]
HEK-293T	EC₅₀	5 nM Compound: DA	Agonist activity at human D2 receptor transfected in HEK293T cells by BRET based G0 activation assay Agonist activity at human D2 receptor transfected in HEK293T cells by BRET based G0 activation assay	[PMID: 27035329]
HEK-293T	EC₅₀	160 nM Compound: Dopamine	Partial agonist activity at human D2SR expressed in HEK293T cells co-expressing (EA)beta-arrestin2 and GRK2 assessed as induction of beta-arrestin2 recruitment after 5 hrs by chemiluminescence assay Partial agonist activity at human D2SR expressed in HEK293T cells co-expressing (EA)beta-arrestin2 and GRK2 assessed as induction of beta-arrestin2 recruitment after 5 hrs by chemiluminescence assay	[PMID: 28489379]
HEK-293T	EC₅₀	200 nM Compound: Dopamine	Agonist activity at human D2S receptor expressed in HEK293T cell membranes coexpressing Galphao1 assessed as induction of nucleotide exchange preincubated for 30 mins followed by addition of [35S]GTPgammaS measured after 30 mins by [35S]GTPgammaS binding Agonist activity at human D2S receptor expressed in HEK293T cell membranes coexpressing Galphao1 assessed as induction of nucleotide exchange preincubated for 30 mins followed by addition of [35S]GTPgammaS measured after 30 mins by [35S]GTPgammaS binding	[PMID: 28489379]
HEK-293T	EC₅₀	390 nM Compound: Dopamine	Partial agonist activity at human D2SR expressed in HEK293T cells co-expressing (EA)beta-arrestin2 assessed as induction of beta-arrestin2 recruitment after 5 hrs by chemiluminescence assay Partial agonist activity at human D2SR expressed in HEK293T cells co-expressing (EA)beta-arrestin2 assessed as induction of beta-arrestin2 recruitment after 5 hrs by chemiluminescence assay	[PMID: 28489379]
HRPE	IC₅₀	2300 μM Compound: Dopamine	TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of TEA uptake (TEA: 20 uM) in OCT2-expressing HRPE cells TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of TEA uptake (TEA: 20 uM) in OCT2-expressing HRPE cells	[PMID: 9830022]
HRPE	IC₅₀	384 μM Compound: Dopamine	TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of TEA uptake (TEA: 20 uM) in OCT3-expressing HRPE cells TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of TEA uptake (TEA: 20 uM) in OCT3-expressing HRPE cells	[PMID: 9830022]
HRPE	IC₅₀	62 μM Compound: Dopamine	TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of MPP+ uptake (MPP+: 1 uM) in OCT3-expressing HRPE cells TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of MPP+ uptake (MPP+: 1 uM) in OCT3-expressing HRPE cells	[PMID: 9830022]
MRC5	IC₅₀	68.9 μM Compound: 35	Cytotoxicity against human MRC5 cells assessed as inhibition of cell proliferation measured after 72 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human MRC5 cells assessed as inhibition of cell proliferation measured after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 27155468]
RAW264.7	EC₅₀	18 μM Compound: 11	Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production measured after 24 hrs by Griess assay Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production measured after 24 hrs by Griess assay	[PMID: 29517238]
Sf21	IC₅₀	>1000 μM Compound: Dopamine	Inhibition of human BSEP expressed in plasma membrane vesicles of Sf21 cells assessed as inhibition of ATP-dependent [3H]taurocholate uptake Inhibition of human BSEP expressed in plasma membrane vesicles of Sf21 cells assessed as inhibition of ATP-dependent [3H]taurocholate uptake	[PMID: 21965623]
Sf21	IC₅₀	>1000 μM Compound: Dopamine	Inhibition of Sprague-Dawley rat Bsep expressed in plasma membrane vesicles of Sf21 cells assessed as inhibition of ATP-dependent [3H]taurocholate uptake Inhibition of Sprague-Dawley rat Bsep expressed in plasma membrane vesicles of Sf21 cells assessed as inhibition of ATP-dependent [3H]taurocholate uptake	[PMID: 21965623]

In Vitro

Vascular permeability factor/vascular endothelial growth factor (VPF/VEGF) strongly stimulates human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) proliferation. The stimulatory effect of VPF/VEGF is abrogated by Dopamine (1 μM; 24hours)^[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Cell Proliferation Assay^[2]

Cell Line:

HUVECs
Concentration:

1 µM
Incubation Time:

24 hours
Result:

Inhibited VPF/VEGF-induced HUVEC proliferation specifically through its D2 receptor.

In Vivo

Dopamine (50 mg/kg; i.p. injection; days 1-7) strongly and selectively inhibits the vascular permeabilizing and angiogenic activities of VPF/VEGF^[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model:

Syngeneic C3Heb/FeJ mice with MOT ascites tumors^[2]
Dosage:

50 mg/kg
Administration:

I.p. injection; 7 days
Result:

Corresponding to ~5% of the median lethal dose (LD₅₀) in mice) beginning at 24 hours after tumor-cell injection and continuing daily for 7 days.

Clinical Trial

NCT Number	Sponsor	Condition	Start Date	Phase A549
NCT01329991	Plexxikon\|		2011-05	PHASE1

Chemical Information

CAS No. 51-61-6
Appearance Solid
Molecular Weight 153.18
Formula C₈H₁₁NO₂
Color Light brown to gray
SMILES

OC1=CC=C(CCN)C=C1O
Synonyms

ASL279 free base
Structure Classification
- Phenols
- Polyphenols
Initial Source
- Endogenous metabolite
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage

-20°C, protect from light, stored under nitrogen

* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light, stored under nitrogen)

Publications (29)

All Histological Imaging/Staining

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Journal Impact Factor

Immunity

Spatiotemporal dynamics of CXCL10 encode contextual immune information revealed by the genetically encoded fluorescent sensor. [Abstract]

2025 Sep 9;58(9):2320-2335.e9. PMID: 40818452
Cell Res

Light sensing enhances thermotolerance and competitive fitness via serotonergic signaling in an eyeless organism. [Abstract]

2026 Apr;36(4):286-299. PMID: 41764323
Nat Commun

Drug inhibition and substrate transport mechanisms of human VMAT2. [Abstract]

2025 Jan 2;16(1):323. PMID: 39747030
Nat Commun

AAV-delivered muscone-induced transgene system for treating chronic diseases in mice via inhalation. [Abstract]

2024 Feb 6;15(1):1122. PMID: 38321056
J Clin Invest

A midbrain-cortical circuit mediated by a claustrum neuronal ensemble orchestrates drug-paired context memory processing. [Abstract]

2026 Jan 15;136(5):e196944. PMID: 41538288
Sci Adv

Surficial nano-deposition locoregionally yielding bactericidal super CAR-macrophages expedites periprosthetic osseointegration. [Abstract]

2023 Jun 2;9(22):eadg3365. PMID: 37256944
Int J Biol Macromol

Oral pH-responsive sodium alginate microspheres co-delivering Musca domestica cecropin and eugenol for anti-inflammatory therapy in sepsis. [Abstract]

2026 May:362:152049. PMID: 41997316
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces

Multifunctional Inorganic-Nanosheets-Based Nanohydrogel for Periodontal Bone Regeneration via Antibacterial and Anti-Ferroptotic Immunomodulation. [Abstract]

2025 Nov 26;17(47):64149-64167. PMID: 41250788
Biomed Pharmacother

Dopamine delays articular cartilage degradation in osteoarthritis by negative regulation of the NF-κB and JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathways. [Abstract]

2019 Nov:119:109419. PMID: 31563117
Anal Chem

High-Throughput Reactive Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry for Targeted Derivatization and Analysis of Poorly Ionized Small Molecules. [Abstract]

2026 Jun 16;98(23):16962-16970. PMID: 42223360
Int J Nanomedicine

Polydopamine-Based Nanoparticles for Synergistic Chemotherapy of Prostate Cancer. [Abstract]

2024 Jul 3:19:6717-6730. PMID: 38979530
Elife

Dopamine and its receptor DcDop2 are involved in the coevolution between ' Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus' and Diaphorina citri. [Abstract]

2026 Jun 22:15:RP109081. PMID: 42329805
Phytother Res

Hordenine improves Parkinsonian-like motor deficits in mice and nematodes by activating dopamine D2 receptor-mediated signaling. [Abstract]

2023 Aug;37(8):3296-3308. PMID: 36883794
Microchem J

2025 Dec 18;220:116650.
Int J Mol Sci

Polydopamine Copolymers for Stable Drug Nanoprecipitation. [Abstract]

2022 Oct 17;23(20):12420. PMID: 36293275
Eur J Pharmacol

Establishment of a novel model of depression caused by olfactory dysfunction through intranasal administration of 3-methylindole. [Abstract]

2026 Jul 10:1029:178996. PMID: 42167669
Eur J Pharmacol

Parishin A alleviates insomnia by regulating hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis homeostasis and directly targeting orexin receptor OX2. [Abstract]

2025 Jul 5:998:177498. PMID: 40064224
Eur J Pharmacol

A novel dopamine D2 receptor-NR2B protein complex might contribute to morphine use disorders. [Abstract]

2023 Dec 15:961:176174. PMID: 37939993
Structure

2026 Jun 8.
Results Chem

2026 Apr 21;26:103342.
Microorganisms

Dopamine Is a Key Regulatory Molecule for Escherichia coli and May Serve as a Xenosiderophore. [Abstract]

2026 Jan 30;14(2):327. PMID: 41753614
J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater

Immunomodulation and Oxidative Stress Mitigation Mediate Enhanced Bone Regeneration by a Platelet-Rich Plasma-Loaded Composite Scaffold. [Abstract]

2026 Jan;114(1):e70037. PMID: 41555765
J Solid State Electrochem

2025 Jan 17.
New J Chem

03 Aug 2022.
SSRN

2026 Jun 16.
bioRxiv

2026 Mar 7.
bioRxiv

2025 Oct 12.
bioRxiv

2025 Oct 22.
bioRxiv

2023 Oct 13.

Dopamine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: bioRxiv. 2023 Oct 13.

Representative images of fluorescence of TR-D3 in the anterior and posterior brain sections, brainstem, the cervical, thoracic and lumbar spinal cord, and liver in control and in the presence of dopamine (DA).

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

DMSO : 100 mg/mL (652.83 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Preparing Stock Solutions

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Concentration Solvent Mass

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

Concentration

Solvent

Mass

1 mM

6.5283 mL

32.6413 mL

65.2827 mL

5 mM

1.3057 mL

6.5283 mL

13.0565 mL

10 mM

0.6528 mL

3.2641 mL

6.5283 mL

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light, stored under nitrogen). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Molarity Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass Mass

Concentration Concentration

Volume Volume

Molecular Weight Molecular Weight

Dilution Calculator

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

Concentration _(start) Concentration _(start)

Volume _(start) Volume _(start)

Concentration _(final) Concentration _(final)

Volume _(final) Volume _(final)

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

Stock Solution Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (16.32 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage Dosage
mg/kg
Animal Weight (Per Animal) Animal Weight (Per Animal)
g
Dosing Volume (Per Animal) Dosing Volume (Per Animal)
μL
Number of Animals Number of Animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Please enter your animal formula composition:

%
DMSO +

Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
%
+
+
%
Tween-80 + +
%
Saline +

The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).

Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL

Purity & Documentation

Select Batch:

Purity: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Data Sheet (273 KB)
SDS (393 KB)
- English - EN (393 KB)
- Français - FR (393 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (393 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (393 KB)
- Español - ES (393 KB)
- Swedish - SV (393 KB)
- Italian - IT (393 KB)
- Korean - KR (393 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (393 KB)
COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Juárez Olguín H, et al. The Role of Dopamine and Its Dysfunction as a Consequence of Oxidative Stress. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2016;2016:9730467. [Content Brief]

[2]. Basu S, et al. The neurotransmitter dopamine inhibits angiogenesis induced by vascular permeability factor/vascular endothelial growth factor. Nat Med. 2001 May;7(5):569-74. [Content Brief]

Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg
DMSO	1 mM	6.5283 mL	32.6413 mL	65.2827 mL	163.2067 mL
	5 mM	1.3057 mL	6.5283 mL	13.0565 mL	32.6413 mL
	10 mM	0.6528 mL	3.2641 mL	6.5283 mL	16.3207 mL
	15 mM	0.4352 mL	2.1761 mL	4.3522 mL	10.8804 mL
	20 mM	0.3264 mL	1.6321 mL	3.2641 mL	8.1603 mL
	25 mM	0.2611 mL	1.3057 mL	2.6113 mL	6.5283 mL
	30 mM	0.2176 mL	1.0880 mL	2.1761 mL	5.4402 mL
	40 mM	0.1632 mL	0.8160 mL	1.6321 mL	4.0802 mL
	50 mM	0.1306 mL	0.6528 mL	1.3057 mL	3.2641 mL
	60 mM	0.1088 mL	0.5440 mL	1.0880 mL	2.7201 mL
	80 mM	0.0816 mL	0.4080 mL	0.8160 mL	2.0401 mL
	100 mM	0.0653 mL	0.3264 mL	0.6528 mL	1.6321 mL

Keywords

Product Name:
Cat. No.:
Quantity:
MCE Japan Authorized Agent:

Product Name:
CAS No.:
Species:
Purity:
Quantity:

Dopamine

Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Dopamine

All Dopamine Receptor Isoforms

All Endogenous Metabolite Isoforms

Biological Activity

Chemical Information

Publications (29)

Solvent & Solubility

Purity & Documentation

References

Help & FAQs

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Dopamine Related Classifications

HY-B0451 Related Classifications