Taurocholic acid
Based on 31 publication(s) in Google Scholar
Taurocholic acid (N-Choloyltaurine) has marked bioactive effects such as an inhibitory potential against hepatic artery ligation induced biliary damage by upregulation of VEGF-A expression. Taurocholic acid has immunoregulation effect.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity: 99.83%
- CAS No.: 81-24-3
- Formula: C26H45NO7S
- Molecular Weight:515.70
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Storage:Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 6 months , -20°C, 1 month
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Taurocholic acid
More- Nature. 2026 Mar;651(8104):251-259. [Abstract]
- Nature. 2025 Jul;643(8070):192-200. [Abstract]
- Science. 2024 Mar 22;383(6689):eadj4591. [Abstract]
- Nat Commun. 2025 Aug 30;16(1):8124. [Abstract]
- Adv Sci (Weinh). 2025 Feb 3:e2411719. [Abstract]
- Microbiome. 2025 Jun 18;13(1):145. [Abstract]
- Plant Commun. 2025 Jan 13;6(1):101181. [Abstract]
- Research (Wash D C). 2022 Nov 2:2022:9784081. [Abstract]
- Adv Healthc Mater. 2024 Dec 4:e2402773. [Abstract]
- Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2025 Dec 2;122(48):e2524436122. [Abstract]
- J Transl Med. 2024 Dec 20;22(1):1124. [Abstract]
- Aging Cell. 2026 Jan;25(1):e70295. [Abstract]
- Cell Death Discov. 2025 Jul 23;11(1):338. [Abstract]
- J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem. 2025 Dec;40(1):2501743. [Abstract]
- Food Funct. 2024 Sep 30;15(19):9916-9927. [Abstract]
- Food Funct. 2024 May 7;15(9):5088-5102. [Abstract]
- Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Feb 22;26(5):1899. [Abstract]
- Biomolecules. 2022 Jul 31;12(8):1063. [Abstract]
- Int Immunopharmacol. 2024 Dec 10:145:113739. [Abstract]
- RSC Adv. 2018 Feb 23;8(16):8469-8483. [Abstract]
- Poult Sci. 2025 Jun 25;104(9):105489. [Abstract]
- FASEB J. 2022 May;36(5):e22305. [Abstract]
- Antiviral Res. 2019 Sep:169:104544. [Abstract]
- Biomedicines. 2025 Apr 4;13(4):874. [Abstract]
- Sci Rep. 2024 Oct 31;14(1):26216. [Abstract]
- Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids. 2025 Oct 3;1871(1):159692. [Abstract]
- J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2025 Jul 15:259:116760. [Abstract]
- Placenta. 2024 Mar 25:148:20-30. [Abstract]
- Research Square Preprint. 2024 Feb 13.
- Research Square Print. 2022 Aug.
- SSRN. 2022 Jan 26.
Customer Validation & Images
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RT-PCR
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WB
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ELISA
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All Endogenous Metabolite Isoforms
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Biological Activity
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Microbial Metabolite |
Human Endogenous Metabolite |
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Cell Line
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Type | Value | Description | References |
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| CHO | EC50 |
4.95 μM
Compound: 5a, tauro
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Agonist activity at human TGR5 expressed in CHO cells by luciferase assay
Agonist activity at human TGR5 expressed in CHO cells by luciferase assay
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[PMID: 18307294] |
| HEK293 | IC50 |
250 μM
Compound: Cholate
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TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of E217betaG uptake in membrane vesicles from MRP4-expressing HEK-293 cells
TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of E217betaG uptake in membrane vesicles from MRP4-expressing HEK-293 cells
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[PMID: 14643890] |
| HEK293 | IC50 |
350 μM
Compound: Taurocholate
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TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of E217betaG uptake in membrane vesicles from MRP4-expressing HEK-293 cells
TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of E217betaG uptake in membrane vesicles from MRP4-expressing HEK-293 cells
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[PMID: 12523936] |
| HEK293 | IC50 |
40 μM
Compound: Taurocholate
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TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of E217betaG uptake (E217betaG: 0.4 uM) in membrane vesicles from MRP3-expressing HEK cells
TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of E217betaG uptake (E217betaG: 0.4 uM) in membrane vesicles from MRP3-expressing HEK cells
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[PMID: 12924948] |
| HeLa | IC50 |
5.3 μM
Compound: Cholate
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TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of Taurocholate uptake in NTCP-expressing HeLa cells
TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of Taurocholate uptake in NTCP-expressing HeLa cells
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[PMID: 10565843] |
| Hepatocyte | IC50 |
6 μM
Compound: TCA
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Inhibition of [3H]taurocholate uptake in rat hepatocytes
Inhibition of [3H]taurocholate uptake in rat hepatocytes
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[PMID: 15261266] |
| Oocyte | IC50 |
1480 μM
Compound: Taurocholate
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TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of Digoxin uptake in Xenopus laevis oocytes
TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of Digoxin uptake in Xenopus laevis oocytes
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[PMID: 11561088] |
Taurocholic acid (100 μM, 24 h) decreases the proportion of CD3+CD8+ T and NK cells in isolated PBMCs from HBeAg-positive CHB patients[2].
Taurocholic acid (100 μM, 24 h) decreases IFN-α stimulated cytokine and cytotoxic granule levels (IFN-γ, TNF-α, granzyme B) in CD3+CD8+ T and NK cells[2].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Taurocholic acid (1% in diet, 1 week) sodium prevents hepatic artery ligation (HAL)-induced cholangiocyte damage in rats by upregulation of VEGF-A expression[3].
Taurocholic acid can be used in animal modeling to create stress-induced gastric injury models and pancreatitis models[3][4][5].
Note:
Please do not refer to only one article to determine the experimental conditions. It is recommended to determine the optimal experimental conditions (animal strain, age, dosage, frequency and cycle, detection time and indicators, etc.) through preliminary experiments before the formal experiment.
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Animal Model:C57BL/6 mice[2]
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Dosage:100-mg/kg
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Administration:oral gavage, for 2 weeks after tail vein injection with rAAV8-1.3HBV for 6 weeks
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Result:Reduced the percentage of NK and CD3+CD8+ T cells.
Increases serum HBsAg, HBeAg, and HBV DNA levels.
Administration: 30-300 mg/kg • p.o • single dose.
The pylorus-ligated rats are then placed in cages with restricted movement.
Subsequently, the cages are immersed in a water bath maintained at 23°C until the water level reaches the xiphoid process of the rats, lasting for 7 hours.
Seven hours later, the animals are sacrificed under ether anesthesia, and the stomach of each animal is removed. The gastric contents are collected through the esophagus and analyzed for volume and acidity.
Administration: 1 mL/kg • retrograde infusion into the common pancreaticobiliary duct • at a speed of 0.25 mL/min[4]
Mice: Balb/c and Wistar • male • weighing 25-30 g and 250-300 g[5]
Administration: 1 mL/kg • retrograde infusion • perfusion for 8 h[5]
(2) Pancreatic acinar cells were isolated freshly from Balb/c or C57/BL6J mice using a collagenase IV. Cells were treated under room temperature, and used within 4 hours after isolation[2].
Biochemical Analysis: Taurocholic acid administration increased serum amylase and lipase activities[1].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 81-24-3
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 515.70
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Formula C26H45NO7S
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Color White to off-white
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SMILES
O[C@H](C[C@]1([H])C[C@@H]2O)[C@@]([C@@](C[C@@H]3O)([H])[C@]1(CC2)C)([H])[C@@](CC[C@]4([H])[C@H](C)CCC(NCC[S](=O)(O)=O)=O)([H])[C@@]43C
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Synonyms
N-Choloyltaurine
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Structure Classification
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Initial Source
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Publications (31)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Nature
2026 Mar;651(8104):251-259. PMID: 41606314 -
Nature
2025 Jul;643(8070):192-200. PMID: 39695227
Taurocholic acid purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nature. 2025 Jul;643(8070):192-200. [Abstract]
Taurocholic acid (TCA, 100 μM, 4 h) activated AMPK depending on the cAMP–Epac–MEK pathway in primary hepatocytes.
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Science
Structure and function of the Arabidopsis ABC transporter ABCB19 in brassinosteroid export. [Abstract]2024 Mar 22;383(6689):eadj4591. PMID: 38513023 -
Nat Commun
2025 Aug 30;16(1):8124. PMID: 40885756 -
Adv Sci (Weinh)
Targeting FDFT1 Reduces Cholesterol and Bile Acid Production and Delays Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression Through the HNF4A/ALDOB/AKT1 Axis. [Abstract]2025 Feb 3:e2411719. PMID: 39899681
Taurocholic acid purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Adv Sci (Weinh). 2025 Feb 3:e2411719. [Abstract]
The mRNA levels of ALDOB in Huh7 or HCCLM3 cells treated with various bile acids (100 μM, 24 h). All data are presented as mean ± SD. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni multiple-comparison correction. CA, cholic acid; TCA, taurocholic acid; GCA, glycocholic acid; TCDCA, taurochenodeoxycholic acid; GCDCA, glycochenodeoxycholic acid; LCA, lithocholic acid; TLCA, taurolithocholic acid; GLCA, glycolithocholic acid; DCA, deoxycholic acid; TDCA, taurodeoxycholic acid; GDCA, glycodeoxycholic acid; UDCA, ursodeoxycholic acid; TUDCA, tauroursodeoxycholic acid; GUDCA, glycoursodeoxycholic acid.
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Microbiome
Maternal intestinal L. vaginalis facilitates embryo implantation and survival through enhancing uterine receptivity in sows. [Abstract]2025 Jun 18;13(1):145. PMID: 40533850 -
Plant Commun
Structural insights into brassinosteroid export mediated by the Arabidopsis ABC transporter ABCB1. [Abstract]2025 Jan 13;6(1):101181. PMID: 39497419 -
Research (Wash D C)
Activation of Pancreatic Acinar FXR Protects against Pancreatitis via Osgin1-Mediated Restoration of Efficient Autophagy. [Abstract]2022 Nov 2:2022:9784081. PMID: 36405253 -
Adv Healthc Mater
Sodium Butyrate-Loaded Microspheres With Enhanced Bioavailability for Targeted Treatment of Intestinal Barrier Injury. [Abstract]2024 Dec 4:e2402773. PMID: 39629540 -
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
Antibiotics accumulate in Klebsiella pneumoniae liver abscesses but fail to eliminate antibiotic-tolerant populations. [Abstract]2025 Dec 2;122(48):e2524436122. PMID: 41296732 -
J Transl Med
Conjugated bile acids alleviate acute pancreatitis through inhibition of TGR5 and NLRP3 mediated inflammation. [Abstract]2024 Dec 20;22(1):1124. PMID: 39707318 -
Aging Cell
Human Umbilical Cord Plasma Metabolomics Uncover Potential Metabolites for Combating Aging. [Abstract]2026 Jan;25(1):e70295. PMID: 41299210 -
Cell Death Discov
RBM17 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression by regulating lipid metabolism and immune microenvironment: implications for therapeutic targeting. [Abstract]2025 Jul 23;11(1):338. PMID: 40702000 -
J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem
Natural product sennoside B disrupts liquid-liquid phase separation of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein by inhibiting its RNA-binding activity. [Abstract]2025 Dec;40(1):2501743. PMID: 40371698 -
Food Funct
Arachidonic acid enhances hepatocyte bile acid uptake and alleviates cholestatic liver disease by upregulating OATP1 expression. [Abstract]2024 Sep 30;15(19):9916-9927. PMID: 39258405 -
Food Funct
Taurocholic acid ameliorates hypertension through the activation of TGR5 in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus. [Abstract]2024 May 7;15(9):5088-5102. PMID: 38666497
Taurocholic acid purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Food Funct. 2024 May 7;15(9):5088-5102. [Abstract]
Taurocholic acid (TCA, infused into the PVN at 10 μg per day for 28 days) reduced systolic blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats.
Taurocholic acid purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Food Funct. 2024 May 7;15(9):5088-5102. [Abstract]
Taurocholic acid (TCA, infused into the PVN at 10 μg per day for 28 days) reduced plasma levels of norepinephrine in spontaneously hypertensive rats.
Taurocholic acid purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Food Funct. 2024 May 7;15(9):5088-5102. [Abstract]
Taurocholic acid (TCA, infused into the PVN at 10 μg per day for 28 days) reduced cardiomyocyte dilation (A-B) and fibrosis (C-D) in spontaneously hypertensive rats.
Taurocholic acid purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Food Funct. 2024 May 7;15(9):5088-5102. [Abstract]
Taurocholic acid (TCA, infused into the PVN at 10 μg per day for 28 days) reduced the average fluorescence intensity of DHE in cardiomyocytes of spontaneously hypertensive rats.
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Int J Mol Sci
MGST1 Protects Pancreatic Ductal Cells from Inflammatory Damage in Acute Pancreatitis by Inhibiting Ferroptosis: Bioinformatics Analysis with Experimental Validation. [Abstract]2025 Feb 22;26(5):1899. PMID: 40076525 -
Biomolecules
The Rabep1-Mediated Endocytosis and Activation of Trypsinogen to Promote Pancreatic Stellate Cell Activation. [Abstract]2022 Jul 31;12(8):1063. PMID: 36008957 -
Int Immunopharmacol
Detection of serum lactate dehydrogenase A and its metabolites on placental function in patients with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. [Abstract]2024 Dec 10:145:113739. PMID: 39662271 -
RSC Adv
Cytosolic β-glucosidase inhibition and renal blood flow suppression are leading causes for the enhanced systemic exposure of salidroside in hypoxic rats. [Abstract]2018 Feb 23;8(16):8469-8483. PMID: 35539855 -
Poult Sci
Molecular mechanisms of photoperiod regulation of bile acid metabolism in Taihe silky fowls based on the gut-liver axis. [Abstract]2025 Jun 25;104(9):105489. PMID: 40592289 -
FASEB J
The metabolomic profiling identifies N, N-dimethylglycine as a facilitator of dorsal root ganglia neuron axon regeneration after injury. [Abstract]2022 May;36(5):e22305. PMID: 35394692 -
Antiviral Res
A HTRF based competitive binding assay for screening specific inhibitors of HIV-1 capsid assembly targeting the C-Terminal domain of capsid. [Abstract]2019 Sep:169:104544. PMID: 31254557 -
Biomedicines
2025 Apr 4;13(4):874. PMID: 40299495 -
Sci Rep
Resveratrol improved mitochondrial biogenesis by activating SIRT1/PGC-1α signal pathway in SAP. [Abstract]2024 Oct 31;14(1):26216. PMID: 39482340 -
Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids
Integrated proteomic and metabolomic analysis reveals lipid metabolic dysregulation and ferroptosis as potential drivers of placental dysfunction in intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. [Abstract]2025 Oct 3;1871(1):159692. PMID: 41047095 -
J Pharm Biomed Anal
Integrating 16S rDNA sequencing analysis and targeted metabolomics to explore the mechanism of Xiexin Tang in treating atherosclerosis mice induced by high-fat diet. [Abstract]2025 Jul 15:259:116760. PMID: 40014894 -
Placenta
The role of ERp29/FOS/EMT pathway in excessive apoptosis of placental trophoblast cells in intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. [Abstract]2024 Mar 25:148:20-30. PMID: 38346375 -
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Solvent & Solubility
DMSO : 100 mg/mL (193.91 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
H2O : 100 mg/mL (193.91 mM; Need ultrasonic)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: 2.5 mg/mL (4.85 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic
This protocol yields a suspended solution of 2.5 mg/mL. Suspended solution can be used for oral and intraperitoneal injection.
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (4.85 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
This product has good water solubility, please refer to the measured solubility data in water/PBS/Saline for details.
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (286 KB)
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SDS (393 KB)
- English - EN (393 KB)
- Français - FR (393 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (393 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (393 KB)
- Español - ES (393 KB)
- Swedish - SV (393 KB)
- Italian - IT (393 KB)
- Korean - KR (393 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (393 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Mooranian A, et al. The effect of a tertiary bile acid, taurocholic acid, on the morphology and physical characteristics of microencapsulated probucol: potential applications in diabetes: a characterization study. Drug Deliv Transl Res. 2015 Oct;5(5):511-22. [Content Brief]
[2]. Xun Z,et al. Taurocholic acid inhibits the response to interferon-α therapy in patients with HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B by impairing CD8+ T and NK cell function. Cell Mol Immunol. 2021 Feb;18(2):461-471. [Content Brief]
[3]. Glaser S, et al. Taurocholic acid prevents biliary damage induced by hepatic artery ligation in cholestatic rats. Dig Liver Dis. 2010 Oct;42(10):709-17. [Content Brief]
[4]. Mo J, Yang A, et al. Neuronostatin ameliorates sodium taurocholate-induced acute pancreatitis in rats. Dig Dis Sci. 2013 Oct;58(10):2903-7. [Content Brief]
[5]. Du D, Yao L, et al. Protective effects of flavonoids from Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt. on experimental acute pancreatitis via Nrf-2/ARE-mediated antioxidant pathways. J Ethnopharmacol. 2018 Oct 5;224:261-272. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DMSO / H2O | 1 mM | 1.9391 mL | 9.6956 mL | 19.3911 mL | 48.4778 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.3878 mL | 1.9391 mL | 3.8782 mL | 9.6956 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1939 mL | 0.9696 mL | 1.9391 mL | 4.8478 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.1293 mL | 0.6464 mL | 1.2927 mL | 3.2319 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.0970 mL | 0.4848 mL | 0.9696 mL | 2.4239 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.0776 mL | 0.3878 mL | 0.7756 mL | 1.9391 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.0646 mL | 0.3232 mL | 0.6464 mL | 1.6159 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.0485 mL | 0.2424 mL | 0.4848 mL | 1.2119 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.0388 mL | 0.1939 mL | 0.3878 mL | 0.9696 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.0323 mL | 0.1616 mL | 0.3232 mL | 0.8080 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0242 mL | 0.1212 mL | 0.2424 mL | 0.6060 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0194 mL | 0.0970 mL | 0.1939 mL | 0.4848 mL |
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
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