Cat. No.: HY-B0332

Menadione

(Synonyms: Vitamin K3)

30 Cited Publications

Customer Review

Based on 30 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Menadione is a naphthoquinone that is converted into active vitamin K2 in the body. Menadione is a potential anticancer agent and radiosensitizer.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Purity: 99.82%
CAS No.: 58-27-5
Formula: C₁₁H₈O₂
Molecular Weight:172.18

Storage:

4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture and light

* In solvent : -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months (sealed storage, away from moisture and light)

Menadione Chemical Structure

CAS No.: 58-27-5

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Fluorescent Dye

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Biological Activity
- Description
- IC₅₀ & Target
- Cellular Effect
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
- Clinical Trial
Chemical Information
Publications (30)
Solvent & Solubility
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Purity & Documentation
References
Help & FAQs
Bioz

Biological Activity

Description

Menadione is a naphthoquinone that is converted into active vitamin K2 in the body. Menadione is a potential anticancer agent and radiosensitizer^[1].

IC₅₀ & Target

Human Endogenous Metabolite

All Endogenous Metabolite Isoforms :

Cellular Effect

Cell Line	Type	Value	Description	References
A2058	IC₅₀	13.4 μM Compound: Menadione	Cytotoxicity against human A2058 cells assessed as inhibition of formazan formation at day 5 by measuring absorbance at 430 nm Cytotoxicity against human A2058 cells assessed as inhibition of formazan formation at day 5 by measuring absorbance at 430 nm	[PMID: 19969400]
A2780	IC₅₀	2.6 μM Compound: 13	Antiproliferative activity against human A2780 cells after 2 days by alamar-blue assay Antiproliferative activity against human A2780 cells after 2 days by alamar-blue assay	[PMID: 19028102]
A549	IC₅₀	15.89 μM Compound: VK3	Cytotoxicity in human A549 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity in human A549 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 35085721]
A549	IC₅₀	25.1 μM Compound: 18	Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by CellTiter-Glo luminescent cell viability assay Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by CellTiter-Glo luminescent cell viability assay	[PMID: 31563013]
DBTRG-05MG	IC₅₀	13 μM Compound: Menadione	Antiproliferative activity against human DBTRG-05MG cells assessed as inhibition of cell growth incubated for 72 hrs in presence of sodium orthovanadate by cell counting kit method Antiproliferative activity against human DBTRG-05MG cells assessed as inhibition of cell growth incubated for 72 hrs in presence of sodium orthovanadate by cell counting kit method	[PMID: 38458106]
DBTRG-05MG	IC₅₀	22 μM Compound: Menadione	Antiproliferative activity against human DBTRG-05MG cells assessed as inhibition of cell growth incubated for 72 hrs by cell counting kit method Antiproliferative activity against human DBTRG-05MG cells assessed as inhibition of cell growth incubated for 72 hrs by cell counting kit method	[PMID: 38458106]
DU-145	IC₅₀	11 μM Compound: mnd	Antiproliferative activity against human androgen-independent prostate carcinoma DU145 cell line by colorimetric assay Antiproliferative activity against human androgen-independent prostate carcinoma DU145 cell line by colorimetric assay	[PMID: 16216500]
DU-145	IC₅₀	9.86 μM Compound: Menadione	Cytotoxicity against human DU145 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 72 hrs by MTS assay Cytotoxicity against human DU145 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 72 hrs by MTS assay	[PMID: 23791367]
GES1	IC₅₀	16.85 μM Compound: VK3	Toxicity in human GES1 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay Toxicity in human GES1 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 35085721]
HaCaT	IC₅₀	15.8 μM Compound: MD	Antihyperproliferative activity against human HaCaT cells after 48 hrs by phase contrast microscopic analysis Antihyperproliferative activity against human HaCaT cells after 48 hrs by phase contrast microscopic analysis	[PMID: 26840368]
HaCaT	IC₅₀	15.8 μM Compound: menadione	Antihyperproliferative activity against human HaCaT cells after 48 hrs by phase contrast microscopy Antihyperproliferative activity against human HaCaT cells after 48 hrs by phase contrast microscopy	[PMID: 22845014]
HaCaT	IC₅₀	15.8 μM Compound: Menadione	Antihyperproliferative activity against human HaCaT cells assessed as inhibition of cell growth after 48 hrs by phase contrast microscopy Antihyperproliferative activity against human HaCaT cells assessed as inhibition of cell growth after 48 hrs by phase contrast microscopy	[PMID: 24964246]
HaCaT	IC₅₀	15.8 μM Compound: Menadione	Antihyperproliferative activity against human HaCaT cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay Antihyperproliferative activity against human HaCaT cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 28410493]
HCT-116	IC₅₀	12.37 μM Compound: VK3	Cytotoxicity in human HCT-116 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity in human HCT-116 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 35085721]
HeLa	EC₅₀	3.7 μM Compound: Menadione	Cytotoxicity against HeLa cell lines Cytotoxicity against HeLa cell lines	[PMID: 15369400]
HeLa	IC₅₀	18 μM Compound: 1d	Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 24913712]
HeLa	IC₅₀	24 μM Compound: 13	Inhibition of histidine-tagged mouse MKP1 catalytic domain expressed in human Hela cells Inhibition of histidine-tagged mouse MKP1 catalytic domain expressed in human Hela cells	[PMID: 19028102]
HeLa	IC₅₀	24.7 μM Compound: Menadione	Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells assessed as inhibition of formazan formation at day 6 by measuring absorbance at 430 nm Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells assessed as inhibition of formazan formation at day 6 by measuring absorbance at 430 nm	[PMID: 19969400]
HFF-1	IC₅₀	>50 μM Compound: 3	Cytotoxicity against HFF-1 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition measured after 24 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against HFF-1 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition measured after 24 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 34438124]
HGC-27	IC₅₀	9.7 μM Compound: VK3	Cytotoxicity in human HGC-27 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity in human HGC-27 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 35085721]
HL-60	IC₅₀	5.6 μM Compound: 18	Cytotoxicity against human HL60 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by CellTiter-Glo luminescent cell viability assay Cytotoxicity against human HL60 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by CellTiter-Glo luminescent cell viability assay	[PMID: 31563013]
HL-60	IC₅₀	7.51 μM Compound: VK3	Cytotoxicity in human HL-60 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity in human HL-60 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 35085721]
HT-29	IC₅₀	13.6 μM Compound: VK3	Cytotoxicity in human HT-29 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity in human HT-29 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 35085721]
HT-29	IC₅₀	9.69 μM Compound: Menadione	Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 72 hrs by MTS assay Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 72 hrs by MTS assay	[PMID: 23791367]
Jurkat	IC₅₀	5 μM Compound: 18	Cytotoxicity against human Jurkat cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by CellTiter-Glo luminescent cell viability assay Cytotoxicity against human Jurkat cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by CellTiter-Glo luminescent cell viability assay	[PMID: 31563013]
LS174T	IC₅₀	26.6 μM Compound: 18	Cytotoxicity against human LS174T cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by CellTiter-Glo luminescent cell viability assay Cytotoxicity against human LS174T cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by CellTiter-Glo luminescent cell viability assay	[PMID: 31563013]
MCF7	IC₅₀	9 μM Compound: 18	Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by CellTiter-Glo luminescent cell viability assay Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by CellTiter-Glo luminescent cell viability assay	[PMID: 31563013]
MDA-MB-231	IC₅₀	12.68 μM Compound: Menadione	Cytotoxicity against human MDA-MB-231 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 72 hrs by MTS assay Cytotoxicity against human MDA-MB-231 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 72 hrs by MTS assay	[PMID: 23791367]
MGC-803	IC₅₀	11.85 μM Compound: VK3	Cytotoxicity in human MGC-803 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity in human MGC-803 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 35085721]
MIA PaCa-2	IC₅₀	6.2 μM Compound: mnd	Antiproliferative activity against human pancreatic carcinoma Mia PaCa2 cell line by colorimetric assay Antiproliferative activity against human pancreatic carcinoma Mia PaCa2 cell line by colorimetric assay	[PMID: 16216500]
MONO-MAC-6	IC₅₀	6.2 μM Compound: 18	Cytotoxicity against human MONO-MAC-6 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by CellTiter-Glo luminescent cell viability assay Cytotoxicity against human MONO-MAC-6 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by CellTiter-Glo luminescent cell viability assay	[PMID: 31563013]
N2a	IC₅₀	2.688 μM Compound: Menadione	Inhibition of reactive oxygen species production in mouse Neuro2a cells assessed as decrease in H2O2 levels after 6 hrs by ROS-Glo luminescence assay Inhibition of reactive oxygen species production in mouse Neuro2a cells assessed as decrease in H2O2 levels after 6 hrs by ROS-Glo luminescence assay	[PMID: 28152427]
PBMC	IC₅₀	14.5 μM Compound: 18	Cytotoxicity against human PBMC cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by CellTiter-Glo luminescent cell viability assay Cytotoxicity against human PBMC cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by CellTiter-Glo luminescent cell viability assay	[PMID: 31563013]
SAS	IC₅₀	14 μM Compound: 1d	Cytotoxicity against human SAS cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human SAS cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 24913712]
SW982	IC₅₀	9.3 μM Compound: 18	Cytotoxicity against human SW982 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by CellTiter-Glo luminescent cell viability assay Cytotoxicity against human SW982 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by CellTiter-Glo luminescent cell viability assay	[PMID: 31563013]
THP-1	IC₅₀	6.3 μM Compound: 18	Cytotoxicity against human THP1 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by CellTiter-Glo luminescent cell viability assay Cytotoxicity against human THP1 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by CellTiter-Glo luminescent cell viability assay	[PMID: 31563013]
U-937	IC₅₀	6.3 μM Compound: 18	Cytotoxicity against human U937 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by CellTiter-Glo luminescent cell viability assay Cytotoxicity against human U937 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by CellTiter-Glo luminescent cell viability assay	[PMID: 31563013]
Vero	IC₅₀	6.5 μg/mL Compound: 21, menadione	Cytotoxicity against Vero cells after 48 hrs by XTT method Cytotoxicity against Vero cells after 48 hrs by XTT method	[PMID: 17888665]

In Vitro

Menadione (0-100 μM, 24-72 h) induces necrosis at high concentrations (100 μM) and apoptosis at low concentrations (10-20 μM) in AR4-2J cells^[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Cell Proliferation Assay^[2]

Cell Line:

AR4-2J cells
Concentration:

0-100 μM
Incubation Time:

24-72 h
Result:

Inhibited cell proliferation in time- and dose-dependently manner at lower concentrations (1-20 μM).

Western Blot Analysis^[2]

Cell Line:

AR4-2J cells
Concentration:

0-100 μM
Incubation Time:

24 h
Result:

Induced wild-type P53 at the dose of 1-20 μM.
Induced a low level of wild-type P53 at the dose of 100 μM.

In Vivo

Menadione (25-150 mg/kg, i.v., once time or every other day for five times) produces more severe lesionsin male Wister rats with a single injection than five injections ^[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model:

Male Wister rats^[1]
Dosage:

25-150 mg/kg
Administration:

i.v., once time or every other day for five times
Result:

Showed microgranular degeneration of renal tubular cells at the dose of 25 mg/kg.
Observed microgranular degeneration of renal tubular cells and mild pulmonary hemorrhage at the dose of 50 mg/kg.
Produced lesions in the kidney, heart, liver and lung at the dose of 100-150 mg/kg.
Showed kidney apoptosis at the dose of 100-150 mg/kg.

Clinical Trial

NCT Number	Sponsor	Condition	Start Date	Phase A549
NCT01329991	Plexxikon\|		2011-05	PHASE1

Chemical Information

CAS No. 58-27-5
Appearance Solid
Molecular Weight 172.18
Formula C₁₁H₈O₂
Color Light yellow to green yellow
SMILES

O=C1C(C)=CC(C2=C1C=CC=C2)=O
Synonyms

Vitamin K3
Structure Classification
- Quinones
- Naphthalene Quinones
Initial Source
- Microorganisms
- Endogenous metabolite
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage

4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture and light

* In solvent : -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months (sealed storage, away from moisture and light)

Publications (30)

All Flow CytometryIn Vivo Efficacy StudyOthersCell Proliferation/Viability Assay

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Journal Impact Factor

Cell Res

SMYD5 is a ribosomal methyltransferase that catalyzes RPL40 lysine methylation to enhance translation output and promote hepatocellular carcinoma. [Abstract]

2024 Sep;34(9):648-660. PMID: 39103523
Cell Stem Cell

RARG variant predictive of doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity identifies a cardioprotective therapy. [Abstract]

2021 Dec 2;28(12):2076-2089.e7. PMID: 34525346
Cell Mol Immunol

γδ T-cell autoresponses to ectopic membrane proteins: a new type of pattern recognition. [Abstract]

2025 Apr;22(4):356-370. PMID: 39939816

Menadione purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Mol Immunol. 2025 Apr;22(4):356-370. [Abstract]

Ectopic expression of TGM1 in Menadione (0-40 μM; 0-24 h)-treated 293 T cells was upregulated in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner.

Menadione purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Mol Immunol. 2025 Apr;22(4):356-370. [Abstract]

Short-term high-dose Menadione (50 µM; 15 min) treatment also upregulated the ectopic expression of NCL in 293 T cells.
Nat Microbiol

2026 May 13.
Nat Commun

Identification of purine biosynthesis as an NADH-sensing pathway to mediate energy stress. [Abstract]

2022 Nov 17;13(1):7031. PMID: 36396642

Menadione purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Commun. 2022 Nov 17;13(1):7031. [Abstract]

Menadione treatment group as a positive control. Cells were counted after treatment with Dox (1 µg/ml) or menadione (50 µM) and antioxidants for 48 h.
Nat Commun

Large-scale and high-resolution mass spectrometry-based proteomics profiling defines molecular subtypes of esophageal cancer for therapeutic targeting. [Abstract]

2021 Aug 16;12(1):4961. PMID: 34400640

Menadione purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Commun. 2021 Aug 16;12(1):4961. [Abstract]

Tumor growth curves are shown in the figure for KYSE30-derived tumor xenograft mouse models treated with DMSO or three drugs (GW8510, 5 mg/kg; Menadione, 10 mg/kg; suconazole, 10 mg/kg; ip; once every three days for thirty days).

Menadione purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Commun. 2021 Aug 16;12(1):4961. [Abstract]

Colony formation assays were performed on KYSE30 cells by treating them with DMSO or three different drugs for 24 hours. The drugs were: Succinazole, 50 μM; Menadione, 20 μM; and GW8510, 15 μM.
Autophagy

Oxidation of multiple MiT/TFE transcription factors links oxidative stress to transcriptional control of autophagy and lysosome biogenesis. [Abstract]

2020 Sep;16(9):1683-1696. PMID: 31826695
Cell Death Dis

CDC25A inhibition sensitizes melanoma cells to doxorubicin and NK cell therapy. [Abstract]

2025 Apr 11;16(1):276. PMID: 40216745
Cell Death Dis

Targeting PPARγ via SIAH1/2-mediated ubiquitin-proteasomal degradation as a new therapeutic approach in luminal-type bladder cancer. [Abstract]

2024 Dec 18;15(12):908. PMID: 39695138
J Pharm Anal

Screen of FDA-approved drug library identifies vitamin K as anti-ferroptotic drug for osteoarthritis therapy through Gas6. [Abstract]

2025 May;15(5):101092. PMID: 40496065
Int J Biol Macromol

Identification of Vitamin K3 and its analogues as covalent inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro. [Abstract]

2021 Jul 31:183:182-192. PMID: 33901557
Acta Pharmacol Sin

Ginsenoside (20)S-APPT induces ferroptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma by targeting FSP1. [Abstract]

2025 Jun 23. PMID: 40550962
J Med Chem

Activity and Safety Optimization of Mesoricin: A Dual-Domain Antifungal Peptide from Mesorhizobium sp. [Abstract]

2025 Apr 8. PMID: 40198836
Antioxidants (Basel)

Characterization of the Inducible and Slow-Releasing Hydrogen Sulfide and Persulfide Donor P*: Insights into Hydrogen Sulfide Signaling. [Abstract]

2021 Jun 29;10(7):1049. PMID: 34209813
Respir Res

HMGB1-induced activation of ER stress contributes to pulmonary artery hypertension in vitro and in vivo. [Abstract]

2023 Jun 2;24(1):149. PMID: 37268944
Nat Prod Bioprospect

Exploring anti-SARS-CoV-2 natural products: dual-viral target inhibition by delphinidin and the anti-coronaviral efficacy of deapio platycodin D. [Abstract]

2025 Jun 13;15(1):39. PMID: 40512442
Int J Mol Sci

Identifying Exifone as a Dual-Target Agent Targeting Both SARS-CoV-2 3CL Protease and the ACE2/S-RBD Interaction Among Clinical Polyphenolic Compounds. [Abstract]

2025 Mar 2;26(5):2243. PMID: 40076865
Int Immunopharmacol

Argatroban and Menadione exert protective effects in ultraviolet-irradiated skin inflammation: A transcriptomic analysis based on identification of iron overload related biomarkers. [Abstract]

2025 Apr 4:151:114334. PMID: 40020462
Int Immunopharmacol

Methylene blue targets PHD3 expression in murine microglia to mitigate lipopolysaccharide-induced neuroinflammation and neurocognitive impairments. [Abstract]

2023 Jul:120:110349. PMID: 37210913
Biosci Rep

Identification of potential core genes and pathways predicting pathogenesis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. [Abstract]

2021 May 28;41(5):BSR20204148. PMID: 33982750
Int J Antimicrob Agents

SU3327: A multi-target compound targeting bacterial menaquinone and DNA. [Abstract]

2025 Nov 25;67(1):107679. PMID: 41308844
Transl Stroke Res

Carbonyl Reductase 1 Attenuates Ischemic Brain Injury by Reducing Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation. [Abstract]

2021 Oct;12(5):711-724. PMID: 33964000
FEBS J

Naturally occurring UBIAD1 mutations differentially affect menaquinone biosynthesis and vitamin K-dependent carboxylation. [Abstract]

2022 May;289(9):2613-2627. PMID: 34813684
Acta Trop

Echinococcus granulosus cyst fluid inhibits the type I interferon response by promoting ROS in macrophages. [Abstract]

2024 Feb:250:107101. PMID: 38101763
bioRxiv

2026 May 7.
bioRxiv

2026 May 21.
bioRxiv

Widespread genomic heterogeneity at the type II NAD(P)H dehydrogenase locus predisposes Cryptosporidium to clofazimine resistance. [Abstract]

2025 Oct 7:2025.10.07.680968. PMID: 41279571
Res Sq

2024 Jun 09.
J Tradit Chinese Medical Sci

31 July 2022.
Patent

US20220016148A1.

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

DMSO : 125 mg/mL (725.98 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Ethanol : 9.09 mg/mL (52.79 mM; Need ultrasonic)

H₂O : 0.1 mg/mL (0.58 mM; Need ultrasonic)

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Preparing Stock Solutions

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Concentration Solvent Mass

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

Concentration

Solvent

Mass

1 mM

5.8079 mL

29.0394 mL

58.0788 mL

5 mM

1.1616 mL

5.8079 mL

11.6158 mL

10 mM

0.5808 mL

2.9039 mL

5.8079 mL

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months (sealed storage, away from moisture and light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

Molarity Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass Mass

Concentration Concentration

Volume Volume

Molecular Weight Molecular Weight

Dilution Calculator

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

Concentration _(start) Concentration _(start)

Volume _(start) Volume _(start)

Concentration _(final) Concentration _(final)

Volume _(final) Volume _(final)

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

Stock Solution Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline

Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (12.08 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (12.08 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

Protocol 3

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil

Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (12.08 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage Dosage
mg/kg
Animal Weight (Per Animal) Animal Weight (Per Animal)
g
Dosing Volume (Per Animal) Dosing Volume (Per Animal)
μL
Number of Animals Number of Animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Please enter your animal formula composition:

%
DMSO +

Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
%
+
+
%
Tween-80 + +
%
Saline +

The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).

Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL

Purity & Documentation

Select Batch:

Purity: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Data Sheet (280 KB)
SDS (762 KB)
- English - EN (762 KB)
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- Portuguese - PT (762 KB)
COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Chiou TJ, et al. Cardiac and renal toxicity of menadione in rat. Toxicology. 1997 Dec 31;124(3):193-202. [Content Brief]

[2]. Sata N, et al. Menadione induces both necrosis and apoptosis in rat pancreatic acinar AR4-2J cells. Free Radic Biol Med. 1997;23(6):844-50. [Content Brief]

Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg
Ethanol / DMSO	1 mM	5.8079 mL	29.0394 mL	58.0788 mL	145.1969 mL
	5 mM	1.1616 mL	5.8079 mL	11.6158 mL	29.0394 mL
	10 mM	0.5808 mL	2.9039 mL	5.8079 mL	14.5197 mL
	15 mM	0.3872 mL	1.9360 mL	3.8719 mL	9.6798 mL
	20 mM	0.2904 mL	1.4520 mL	2.9039 mL	7.2598 mL
	25 mM	0.2323 mL	1.1616 mL	2.3232 mL	5.8079 mL
	30 mM	0.1936 mL	0.9680 mL	1.9360 mL	4.8399 mL
	40 mM	0.1452 mL	0.7260 mL	1.4520 mL	3.6299 mL
	50 mM	0.1162 mL	0.5808 mL	1.1616 mL	2.9039 mL
DMSO	60 mM	0.0968 mL	0.4840 mL	0.9680 mL	2.4199 mL
	80 mM	0.0726 mL	0.3630 mL	0.7260 mL	1.8150 mL
	100 mM	0.0581 mL	0.2904 mL	0.5808 mL	1.4520 mL

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

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Cat. No.: HY-B0332