2. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  3. Endogenous Metabolite
  4. Protocatechuic acid

Protocatechuic acid  (Synonyms: 3,4-Dihydroxybenzoic acid)

Cat. No.: HY-N0294 Purity: 99.98%
SDS
COA
Handling Instructions Technical Support

Protocatechuic acid is a phenolic compound which exhibits neuroprotective effect.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Protocatechuic acid Chemical Structure

Protocatechuic acid Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 99-50-3

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Solid + Solvent (Highly Recommended)
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO
ready for reconstitution
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10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO In-stock
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200 mg In-stock
1 g In-stock
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Customer Review

Based on 6 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Protocatechuic acid:

Protocatechuic acid Related Antibodies

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

  • Biological Activity

  • Protocol

  • Purity & Documentation

  • References

  • Customer Review

Description

Protocatechuic acid is a phenolic compound which exhibits neuroprotective effect.

IC50 & Target

Microbial Metabolite

 

In Vitro

Protocatechuic acid inhibits the aggregation of Aβ and αS and destabilizes their preformed fibrils. Protocatechuic acid prevents the death of PC12 cells triggered by Aβ- and αS-induced toxicity[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Protocatechuic acid Related Antibodies
In Vivo

Protocatechuic acid is able to prevent stress induced immobility time in forced swim test without altering locomotor activity in mice. Further, Protocatechuic acid treatment attenuates the elevation of serum corticosterone, lipid peroxidation and restores enzymatic antioxidants in cerebral cortex and hippocampus in ARS mice[1]. Rat administered cadmium and treated with prostigmine and doses of Protocatechuic acid (10 20 mg/kg) has significantly reduced BChE activity. Cadmium and either Prostigmine or Protocatechuic acid (10 20 mg/kg) treated rats shows significant reduction in MDA level[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Molecular Weight

154.12

Formula

C7H6O4
CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

White to off-white

SMILES

O=C(O)C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1
Structure Classification
Initial Source
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years
4°C 2 years
In solvent -80°C 6 months
-20°C 1 month
Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : 100 mg/mL (648.85 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

H2O : 10 mg/mL (64.88 mM; Need ultrasonic)

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 6.4885 mL 32.4423 mL 64.8845 mL
5 mM 1.2977 mL 6.4885 mL 12.9769 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

  • Molarity Calculator

  • Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass
=
Concentration
×
Volume
×
Molecular Weight *

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

Concentration (start)

C1

×
Volume (start)

V1

=
Concentration (final)

C2

×
Volume (final)

V2

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (16.22 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

    Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
  • Protocol 2

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (16.22 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

    Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.

For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly. It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  PBS

    Solubility: 16.67 mg/mL (108.16 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

g

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
%
DMSO +
% 
+
%
Tween-80 +
%
Saline
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).
The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
 If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation

Purity: 99.98%

SDS (393 KB)

COA (248 KB) HNMR (117 KB) RP-HPLC (190 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
Kinase Assay
[2]

AChE activity investigation is carried out in a reaction mixture containing 50 μL of tissue homogenate, 50 μL of 5, 5'-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic) acid (DTNB), 1175 μL of 0.1 M phosphate-buffered solution, pH 8.0. After incubation for 20 min at 25°C, 25 μL of acetylthiocholine iodide solution is added as the substrate. The AChE activity is determined as changes in absorbance reading at 412 nm for 3 min at 25°C and using a UV/Visible spectrophotometer.

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Cell Assay
[3]

Dilutions of Protocatechuic acid (2, 5, 10, 20, 50, and 100 μM) are prepared from stock solutions, with serum-free culture medium. Equal volumes of each solution are mixed with Aβ1-42 (10 μM), then incubated for 24 h on a thermoblock, with continuous agitation, and then exposed to PC12 cells for 24 h to test whether Protocatechuic acid can prevent cell death triggered by Aβ. Cell viability is determined by MTT reduction assay. Cells are treated with 200 μL per well of MTT solution (final concentration, 0.5 mg/mL in DMEM-Glutamax medium) for 3 h, at 37°C, with 5% CO2. The dark blue formazan crystals that formed are solubilized with 100 μL per well of DMSO, for 30 min. Absorbance is measured at 540 nm, with a microplate reader. Results are expressed as the percentage of MTT reduction in relation to the absorbance of control cells at 100%.

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
H2O / DMSO 1 mM 6.4885 mL 32.4423 mL 64.8845 mL 162.2113 mL
5 mM 1.2977 mL 6.4885 mL 12.9769 mL 32.4423 mL
10 mM 0.6488 mL 3.2442 mL 6.4885 mL 16.2211 mL
15 mM 0.4326 mL 2.1628 mL 4.3256 mL 10.8141 mL
20 mM 0.3244 mL 1.6221 mL 3.2442 mL 8.1106 mL
25 mM 0.2595 mL 1.2977 mL 2.5954 mL 6.4885 mL
30 mM 0.2163 mL 1.0814 mL 2.1628 mL 5.4070 mL
40 mM 0.1622 mL 0.8111 mL 1.6221 mL 4.0553 mL
50 mM 0.1298 mL 0.6488 mL 1.2977 mL 3.2442 mL
60 mM 0.1081 mL 0.5407 mL 1.0814 mL 2.7035 mL
DMSO 80 mM 0.0811 mL 0.4055 mL 0.8111 mL 2.0276 mL
100 mM 0.0649 mL 0.3244 mL 0.6488 mL 1.6221 mL

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

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Protocatechuic acid Related Classifications

Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

Protocatechuic acid99-50-33,4-Dihydroxybenzoic acidEndogenous MetaboliteInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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