SHMT2 Antibody (YA7793)

SHMT2 (serine hydroxymethyltransferase 2) is the mitochondrial isoform of serine hydroxymethyltransferase and catalyzes the conversion of serine to glycine while generating one-carbon units that enter mitochondrial folate-mediated one-carbon metabolism^[1][2]. This reaction supports nucleotide biosynthesis, methylation-related metabolism, redox homeostasis, and other anabolic processes required for cellular growth and proliferation^[1][3][4]. Mechanistically, SHMT2 functions at the entry point of the mitochondrial serine catabolic pathway and supplies tetrahydrofolate-conjugated one-carbon units that contribute to downstream metabolic reactions and mitochondrial homeostasis^[1][5]. Therefore, SHMT2 has emerged as a central regulator of mitochondrial one-carbon metabolism, a pathway increasingly linked to metabolic adaptation in rapidly proliferating cells and tumors^[4][6]. In disease contexts, elevated SHMT2 expression has been reported across multiple cancers and is associated with tumor progression, cellular proliferation, and unfavorable clinical features^[3][7][8]. Experimental studies further demonstrate that SHMT2 supports mitochondrial respiration and proliferation under metabolic stress conditions, whereas SHMT2 inhibition compromises mitochondrial function and suppresses tumor growth in vitro and in vivo^[5][8][9]. Compared with the related cytosolic isoform SHMT1, which primarily operates in the cytoplasm, SHMT2 is localized to mitochondria and is considered the dominant enzyme driving serine catabolism and growth-associated one-carbon flux in many cancer models^[2][7]. For experimental applications, SHMT2 has attracted substantial interest as a therapeutic target, and both small-molecule and RNA-based inhibitory strategies have shown the ability to disrupt SHMT2-dependent metabolism and reduce cancer cell viability or tumor progression in preclinical models^[6][10].