2. Induced Disease Models Products Membrane Transporter/Ion Channel
  3. Immunology and Inflammatory Disease Models Aquaporin
  4. Encephalomyelitis Models
  5. AQP4 (201-220) TFA

AQP4 (201-220) TFA is an encephalitogenic epitope of AQP-4. AQP4 (201-220) TFA can induce experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) (characterized by midline lesions in the brain, retinal pathology, and lesions at the grey matter/white matter border zone in the spinal cord). AQP-4 is a target antigen in neuromyelitis optica.

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AQP4 (201-220) TFA

AQP4 (201-220) TFA Chemical Structure

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Based on 1 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of AQP4 (201-220) TFA:

AQP4 (201-220) TFA Related Antibodies

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Description

AQP4 (201-220) TFA is an encephalitogenic epitope of AQP-4. AQP4 (201-220) TFA can induce experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) (characterized by midline lesions in the brain, retinal pathology, and lesions at the grey matter/white matter border zone in the spinal cord). AQP-4 is a target antigen in neuromyelitis optica[1].

In Vivo

Note:
Please do not refer to only one article to determine the experimental conditions. It is recommended to determine the optimal experimental conditions (animal strain, age, dosage, frequency and cycle, detection time and indicators, etc.) through preliminary experiments before the formal experiment.

AQP4 (201-220) TFA can be used to induce experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) models[1][2][3][4].

Induction of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis[1][2][3][4]
Background
AQP4 (201-220) TFA breaks through immune tolerance and activates specific T cells. The AQP4 (201-220)-specific T cells directionally migrate to the regions with high AQP4 expression in the central nervous system (CNS), directly kill AQP4+ astrocytes or activate glial cells, thereby triggering autoimmune inflammatory damage.
Specific Modeling Methods
1. Mice: C57BL/6J, Aqp4⁻/⁻ mice
Administration: AQP4 (201-220) 200 μg • s.c. (the base of the mouse's tail) • single dose
Note
(1) AQP4 (201-220) needs to be emulsified with Complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) (HY-153808) containing 250/500 μg of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra into a 200 μL emulsion for administration.
(2) At the same time as the administration, pertussis toxin (200 ng per mouse) is injected intravenously, and another dose is given on the second day.
Modeling Indicators
Clinical score: 0 point: No symptoms of any disease; 1 point: Loss of tail tension (tail drooping, no voluntary movement); 2 points: Impaired ability to turn over (unable to voluntarily turn from supine to prone position); 3 points: Paraplegia of both hind limbs (hind limbs unable to support body weight, dragging while walking); 4 points: Quadriplegia (loss of motor function in both forelimbs and hind limbs); 5 points: Moribund state (no voluntary activity, weak breathing). Clinical symptoms start to appear around day 11 after immunization (mostly 1 or 2 points), reach the peak around day 18 (scores are mostly 2-3 points), and enter the recovery period on day 30 (scores decrease); if the clinical score is ≥1 point, it indicates successful modeling.
Histological analysis: Scattered or focal inflammatory lesions appear in the gray-white matter junction area; inflammatory lesions appear in the diencephalic midline area (near the third ventricle) and around the fourth ventricle; inflammatory infiltration appears in the inner layer of the retina, accompanied by loss of retinal ganglion cells.
Cellular analysis: Significant infiltration of CD45+ immune cells and CD4+ T cells in the CNS (brain, spinal cord, retina), and an increase in the number of Iba-1 and GAFP positive cells in the lesion area.
Molecular changes: Decreased expression of AQP4; increased expression of IFN-γ, IL-17, CXCL10, and CCL20.

Correlated Product(s): Aquaporin 4 Antibody (HY-P83459A); Complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) (HY-153808); Anti-Mouse IFN gamma Antibody (XMG1.2) (HY-P990798)
Opposite Product(s): Anti-Mouse IL-6R Antibody (15A7) (HY-P990211); Anti-Mouse/Rat IL-17A Antibody (17F3) (HY-P990222)

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Molecular Weight

2151.40 (free acid)

Formula

C97H143N27O27S·xC2HF3O2
Appearance

Solid

Color

White to off-white

Sequence

His-Leu-Phe-Ala-Ile-Asn-Tyr-Thr-Gly-Ala-Ser-Met-Asn-Pro-Ala-Arg-Ser-Phe-Gly-Pro
Sequence Shortening

HLFAINYTGASMNPARSFGP
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage

Sealed storage, away from moisture

Powder -80°C 2 years
-20°C 1 year

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)

Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : 100 mg/mL (Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

H2O : 50 mg/mL (Need ultrasonic)

  • Molarity Calculator

  • Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

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Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

Concentration (start)

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V1

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C2

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V2

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL; Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

    Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
  • Protocol 2

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL; Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

    Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

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g

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(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
This product has good water solubility, please refer to the measured solubility data in water/PBS/Saline for details.
The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only.If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Purity & Documentation
References
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AQP4 (201-220) TFA Related Classifications

Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

AQP4 (201-220)AquaporinAQPEAEneuromyelitis opticaexperimental autoimmune encephalomyelitisInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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