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  5. Complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)

Complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) is an immunoadjuvant emulsified with antigen by its discoverer Jules T. Freund to enhance an animal's immune response to an antigen. Complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) is also an inducer of the Th1 immune response and a ligand of TLRs. Complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) contains heat-killed inactive tuberculosis bacilli and consists of a paraffin oil-in-water emulsion. Complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) stimulates a strong and durable immune response and can be used to induce persistent inflammatory pain models in mice, experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM) models, and more. Incomplete Freund's adjuvant (IFA) (HY-153808A) is another type of Freund's Adjuvant that stimulates a weaker immune response.

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Complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) Chemical Structure

Complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 9007-81-2

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Based on 1 publication(s) in Google Scholar

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Complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) Related Antibodies

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Description

Complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) is an immunoadjuvant emulsified with antigen by its discoverer Jules T. Freund to enhance an animal's immune response to an antigen. Complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) is also an inducer of the Th1 immune response and a ligand of TLRs. Complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) contains heat-killed inactive tuberculosis bacilli and consists of a paraffin oil-in-water emulsion. Complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) stimulates a strong and durable immune response and can be used to induce persistent inflammatory pain models in mice, experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM) models, and more. Incomplete Freund's adjuvant (IFA) (HY-153808A) is another type of Freund's Adjuvant that stimulates a weaker immune response[1][2].

In Vitro

Complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) contains numerous microbial TLR ligands (such as TLRs 2, 4, and 9), is a potent inducer of a Th1-type immune response[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) Related Antibodies
In Vivo

Complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) can elicit a robust antibody response to T-cell-dependent antigens in TLR-deficient mice, which is an T-cell-dependent, antigen-specific antibody response[1].
Complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) emulsified with Myosin or Myocarditogenic peptide, then subcutaneously injected (two injections with 7 days apart) into A/J, BALB/c, and IL6KO BALB/c male mice to induce experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM) mouse model[1].
Complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) widely involves in modeling immunization-induced animal models such as collagen-induced arthritis (CIA), experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), experimental autoimmune thyroiditis (EAT), experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU), and EAM[1].
Complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) plus Thyroglobulin to induce thyroiditis, whereas Incomplete Freund's adjuvant (IFA) (HY-153808A) serves as a sufficient adjuvant for thyroid lesions[1].
Complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) is injected into the plantar area of the hind paw of C57BL/6J mice to induce inflammatory pain mouse model[2].
Complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) injection on the side contralateral results optogenetic inhibition of ventral pallidum (VP) cholinergic (ChAT) system neurons, and significantly reduces the number of c-Fos-positive neurons in the VP on the photo-inhibited side[2].
Complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) has low plasma clearance (22%) in normal rats[4]. Complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) has low plasma clearance (22%)[4].
1. Induction of experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM)[1]
Background
Complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) induces myocarditis by activating the immune system and enhancing the antigen-specific immune response.
Specific Mmodeling Methods
Mice: A/J, BALB/c, and IL6KO BALB/c • male • 6-8-week-old
Administration: 5mg/ml • s.c. • twice
Note
(1) On day 0, all mice additionally received 500 ng of pertussis toxin (HY-112779) (i.p.)
(2) On days 0 and 7, mice received subcutaneous injections peptide emulsified in CFA supplemented with 5 mg/mL of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, strain H37Ra.


Modeling Indicators
Histological analysis: Myocarditis severity was assessed by histology and relative heart weight.
Molecular changes: Test serum levels of total IgG, IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b, IL-1b and IL6.
Correlated Product(s): Incomplete Freund's adjuvant (IFA) (HY-153808A)
Opposite Product(s):
2. Induction of Neuropathic Pain[2][3]
Background
Complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) releases inflammatory mediators TNF-α and IL-6 in body which can activate peripheral nerve endings and act on pain nerve endings, resulting in neuropathic pain[2][3].
Specific Mmodeling Methods
Mice: C57BL/6J • male • 8-week-old
Administration: 20 μl • s.c. • once
Note
(1) Inject Complete Freund’s Adjuvant (CFA) without dilution into the plantar area of the hind paw.
(2) Tests PWT and PWL for both hind paws corresponding to before and 24, 48, 72 h after CFA injection.


Modeling Indicators
Behavior Observation:Detect paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) and paw withdrawal latency (PWL).
Correlated Product(s): Galantamine (HY-76299)
Opposite Product(s): Mecamylamine (HY-B1395A)

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model: A/J, BALB/c, and IL6KO BALB/c male mice[1]
Dosage:
Administration: Subcutaneous Injectionon (sc); injected at days 0 and 7. EAM severity was analyzed by histology on day 21 (Repeated administration of CFA to animals can cause multiple injection-site effects, the most often observed are on site granulomas and pain)
Result: Increased the relative proportion of CD11b+F4/80−monocytes and CD11b+Gr1+ granulocytes.
Expanded monocytes in the heart and in the spleen and those monocytes in the spleen make less IL-10 as well as more IL-6.
CAS No.
Appearance

Liquid

Color

Colorless to light yellow

SMILES

[Complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)]
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage

4°C, protect from light

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)

Purity & Documentation

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Complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) Related Classifications

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Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

Complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)9007-81-2Toll-like Receptor (TLR)immunologic adjuvantimmunityinflammationimmunization-induced animal modelscollagen-induced arthritisCIAexperimental autoimmune encephalomyelitisEAEexperimental autoimmune thyroiditisEATexperimental autoimmune uveitisEAUexperimental autoimmune myocarditisEAMInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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