Xist - inactive X specific transcripts Gene

X inactivation is an early developmental process in mammalian females that transcriptionally silences one of the pair of X chromosomes, thus providing dosage equivalence between males and females. The process is regulated by several factors, including a region of chromosome X called the X inactivation center (XIC). The XIC comprises several non-coding and protein-coding genes, and this gene was the first non-coding gene identified within the XIC. This gene is expressed exclusively from the XIC of the inactive X chromosome. It is essential for the initiation and spread of X-inactivation. It silences hundreds of genes by recruiting and tethering repressive chromatin-modifying complexes to the inactive X chromosome. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2012]