IL-15 Protein, Human

IL-15 Protein, Human modulates immune cells of both the innate and adaptive immune systems, induces the production of chemokines and cytokines, stimulates the proliferation of natural killer cells, T-cells and B-cells. IL-15 Protein, Human triggers both pro-inflammatory and protective immune responses. IL-15 Protein, Human is the recombinant human-derived IL-15 Protein, expressed by E. coli.

Interleukin 15 is a cytokine that shares many biological properties with IL-2, including T, B and NK cell-stimulatory activities. Interleukin-15 has significant potential in cancer immunotherapy as an activator of antitumor CD8 T and natural killer (NK) cells^[1]. Interleukin-15 (IL-15) is a pleiotropic cytokine and a member of the four α-helix bundle family of cytokines which include IL-2, IL-4, IL-7, IL-9, IL-15 and IL-21. IL-15 exhibits a broad biological activity and induces the differentiation and proliferation of T, B and natural killer (NK) cells. As a potent pro-inflammatory cytokine, IL-15 plays an important and complex role in autoimmune disease and inflammation. IL-15 plays a pivotal role in some hematological malignancies and presents anti-tumor effects. The direct administration of IL-15 has shown anti-tumor effects in several preclinical mouse tumor models^[2].

IL-15 Protein (Human, 100 ng/mL, 8 days) increases myotube thickness, nuclear fusion index and myonuclei number in primary human myoblasts, promotes the expression of myogenesis-related genes myomaker, MYOD and MYOG^[3].
IL-15 Protein (Human, 10-500 ng/mL, 12-24 h) induces the expression of chemokines (such as MIP-1α, MIP-1β and RANTES) and their receptors (such as CCR1, CCR4, CCR5, etc.) in peripheral blood T lymphocytes. IL-15 Protein promotes the entry and replication of mononuclear tropic HIV in T lymphocytes^[4].

IL-15 Protein (10-50 µg/kg/day, iv, once daily for 12 days) exhibits immunostimulatory property, exhibits toxicity that leads to neutropenia in rhesus macaques. IL-15 Protein causes adverse reactions such as loss of appetite, diarrhea and vomiting with a high dose of 50 µg/kg/day^[5].

1. The ED₅₀ is <0.5 ng/mL as measured by CTLL-2 cells, corresponding to a specific activity of >2 × 10⁶ units/mg.
2.The ED₅₀ is less than 2 ng/mL, as measured in a cell proliferation assay using MO7e human megakaryocytic leukemic cells.

• 
  The ED₅₀ is 2 ng/mL, as measured in a cell proliferation assay using MO7e human megakaryocytic leukemic cells.

Human

E. coli

Tag Free

P40933-1 (N49-S162)

3600  [NCBI]

Full Length of Mature Protein

NWVNVISDLKKIEDLIQSMHIDATLYTESDVHPSCKVTAMKCFLLELQVISLESGDASIHDTVENLIILANNSLSSNGNVTESGCKECEELEEKNIKEFLQSFVHIVQMFINTS

Approximately 13 kDa, based on SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions.

• 
  ≥ 95%, as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE.

Lyophilized powder

1.Lyophilized from a 0.22 μm filtered solution of PBS.
2.Lyophilized from a 0.22 μm filtered solution of PBS, pH 7.4, 8% trehalose.
Please refer to the lot-specific COA for specific buffer information.

<1 EU/μg, determined by LAL method.

It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100 μg/mL in ddH₂O. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% BSA, 5% HSA, 10% FBS or 5% Trehalose).

Stored at -20°C for 2 years from date of receipt. After reconstitution, it is stable at 4°C for 1 week or -20°C for longer (with carrier protein). It is recommended to freeze aliquots at -20°C or -80°C for extended storage.

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

• [1]. Conlon KC, et al. Redistribution, hyperproliferation, activation of natural killer cells and CD8 T cells, and cytokine production during first-in-human clinical trial of recombinant human interleukin-15 in patients with cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2015 Jan 1;33(1):74-82.  [Content Brief]

  [2]. Sun W, et al. High level expression and purification of active recombinant human interleukin-15 in Pichiapastoris. J Immunol Methods. 2016 Jan;428:50-7.  [Content Brief]

  [3]. O'Leary MF, et al., IL-15 promotes human myogenesis and mitigates the detrimental effects of TNFα on myotube development. Sci Rep. 2017 Oct 11;7(1):12997.  [Content Brief]

  [4]. Perera L P, et al., IL-15 induces the expression of chemokines and their receptors in T lymphocytes[J]. The Journal of Immunology, 1999, 162(5): 2606-2612.

  [5]. Waldmann TA, et al., Safety (toxicity), pharmacokinetics, immunogenicity, and impact on elements of the normal immune system of recombinant human IL-15 in rhesus macaques. Blood. 2011 May 5;117(18):4787-95.  [Content Brief]