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Bacterial toxin

" in MedChemExpress (MCE) Product Catalog:

23

Inhibitors & Agonists

1

Biochemical Assay Reagents

3

Peptides

1

Inhibitory Antibodies

4

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2

Isotope-Labeled Compounds

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Cat. No. Product Name Target Research Areas Chemical Structure
  • HY-B1455
    Clindamycin
    10+ Cited Publications

    		 Bacterial Antibiotic Parasite Infection Cancer
    Clindamycin is an orally active and broad-spectrum bacteriostatic lincosamide antibiotic. Clindamycin can inhibit bacterial protein synthesis, possessing the ability to suppress the expression of virulence factors in Staphylococcus aureus at sub-inhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs). Clindamycin resistance results from enzymatic methylation of the antibiotic binding site in the 50S ribosomal subunit (23S rRNA). Clindamycin decreases the production of Panton-Valentine leucocidin (PVL), toxic-shock-staphylococcal toxin (TSST-1) or alpha-haemolysin (Hla). Clindamycin also can be used for researching malaria .
    Clindamycin
  • HY-137592
    Nicotinamide 1,N6-ethenoadenine dinucleotide

    ε-NAD

    		 Fluorescent Dye Phosphodiesterase (PDE) Glutamate Dehydrogenase (GLDH) Others
    Nicotinamide 1,N6-ethenoadenine dinucleotide (ε-NAD) is a fluorescent analog of NAD. Nicotinamide 1,N6-ethenoadenine dinucleotide can be cleaved by phosphodiesterase I (from C. adamanteus venom) and binds to bovine liver glutamate dehydrogenase. Nicotinamide 1,N6-ethenoadenine dinucleotide can serve as a substrate for G-ADP ribosylation of G proteins catalyzed by bacterial toxins. Nicotinamide 1,N6-ethenoadenine dinucleotide can be used as a fluorescent substrate for the study of ADP ribosylation reactions .
    Nicotinamide 1,N6-ethenoadenine dinucleotide
  • HY-135416
    Streptolysin O
    2 Publications Verification

    		 Endogenous Metabolite Infection
    Streptolysin O, a group A streptococcal toxin, is a well-characterized oxygen-labile prototype of a cholesterol-binding bacterial exotoxin. Streptolysin O causes both lysis of cells and cardiotoxicity. Streptolysin O is widely used for the controlled permeabilization of cell membranes. Streptolysin O exists in two forms, a reduced active state and an oxidized reversibly inactive state .
    Streptolysin O
  • HY-N2387
    Pinosylvin

    		Bacterial Apoptosis Autophagy Infection Cancer
    Pinosylvin is a?pre-infectious stilbenoid toxin?isolated from the heartwood of Pinus species, has anti-bacterial activities . Pinosylvin is a resveratrol analogue, can induce cell apoptosis and autophapy in leukemia cells .
    Pinosylvin
  • HY-P1108
    Astressin 2B
    1 Publications Verification

    		 CRFR Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology
    Astressin 2B is a blood-brain barrier-impermeable, highly selective CRFR2 antagonist (rCRFR2, IC50=0.57 nM). Astressin 2B blocks the protective effects mediated by CRFR2, thereby exacerbating indomethacin (HY-14397)-induced hemorrhagic intestinal injury in rats. Astressin 2B reverses the protective effects of Urocortin 1 against intestinal hypermotility, bacterial invasion and upregulation of inflammatory mediators. Astressin 2B also blocks the anxiogenic effect of Urocortin 2 and attenuates stress-induced anxiety-related behaviors. In the Clostridioides difficile toxin A (C. difficile toxin A)-mediated enteritis model, Astressin 2B mimics the phenotype of CRFR2-deficient mice, significantly exacerbating intestinal epithelial damage, edema, neutrophil migration and the expression of multiple proinflammatory cytokines. Astressin 2B is an important tool molecule for investigating the intestinal protective mechanisms of CRFR2 .
    Astressin 2B
  • HY-P1108A
    Astressin 2B TFA
    1 Publications Verification

    		 CRFR Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology
    Astressin 2B TFA is a blood-brain barrier-impermeable, highly selective CRFR2 antagonist (rCRFR2, IC50=0.57 nM). Astressin 2B TFA blocks the protective effects mediated by CRFR2, thereby exacerbating indomethacin (HY-14397)-induced hemorrhagic intestinal injury in rats. Astressin 2B TFA reverses the protective effects of Urocortin 1 against intestinal hypermotility, bacterial invasion and upregulation of inflammatory mediators. Astressin 2B TFA also blocks the anxiogenic effect of Urocortin 2 and attenuates stress-induced anxiety-related behaviors. In the Clostridioides difficile toxin A (C. difficile toxin A)-mediated enteritis model, Astressin 2B TFA mimics the phenotype of CRFR2-deficient mice, significantly exacerbating intestinal epithelial damage, edema, neutrophil migration and the expression of multiple proinflammatory cytokines. Astressin 2B TFA is an important tool molecule for investigating the intestinal protective mechanisms of CRFR2 .
    Astressin 2B TFA
  • HY-125168
    EGA
    2 Publications Verification

    		 EGFR Infection Inflammation/Immunology
    EGA is an inhibitor that selectively targets the endosomal trafficking pathways. EGA targets the proteins involved in the endosomal trafficking pathways through which multiple toxins and viruses enter cells. EGA exerts its activity by inhibiting the trafficking from early endosomes to late endosomes, blocking the entry of multiple acid-dependent bacterial toxins and viruses into mammalian cells and delaying the lysosomal targeting and degradation of EGFR .
    EGA
  • HY-P9932
    Obiltoxaximab

    ETI 204

    		 Bacterial Infection Cardiovascular Disease
    Obiltoxaximab (ETI 204) is the second and potent anti-protective antigen (PA) monoclonal antibody with immunogenicity. Obiltoxaximab plays a central role in anthrax toxin assembly and target cell intoxication, promoting survival, and inhibiting bacterial spread to the periphery in animal models. Obiltoxaximab can be used in the research of inhalational anthrax, bacteremia and toxemia .
    Obiltoxaximab
  • HY-10320A
    Doramapimod hydrochloride
    Maximum Cited Publications
    51 Publications Verification

    BIRB 796 hydrochloride

    		 Autophagy Raf p38 MAPK Inflammation/Immunology
    Doramapimod hydrochloride (BIRB 796 hydrochloride) is an anti-inflammatory compound with biological activity through inhibition of p38 MAPK. Doramapimod hydrochloride can significantly inhibit the activities of TNF-α and IL-1β induced by LPS, LTA and PGN. Doramapimod hydrochloride showed a stronger inhibitory effect on inflammation induced by all three bacterial toxins, which was more significant compared with the effects of other compounds. Doramapimod hydrochloride can be used in the research of autoimmune diseases .
    Doramapimod hydrochloride
  • HY-135416A
    Streptolysin O (≥1000000 units/mg)
    1 Publications Verification

    		 Endogenous Metabolite Infection
    Streptolysin O (≥1000000 units/mg) is a ≥1000000 units/mg Streptolysin O (HY-135416). Streptolysin O, a group A streptococcal toxin, is a well-characterized oxygen-labile prototype of a cholesterol-binding bacterial exotoxin. Streptolysin O causes both lysis of cells and cardiotoxicity. Streptolysin O is widely used for the controlled permeabilization of cell membranes. Streptolysin O exists in two forms, a reduced active state and an oxidized reversibly inactive state .
    Streptolysin O (≥1000000 units/mg)
  • HY-B1455S1
    Clindamycin-13C,d3

    		Isotope-Labeled Compounds Bacterial Antibiotic Parasite Infection
    Clindamycin- 13C,d3 is the 13C- and deuterium labeled Clindamycin. Clindamycin is an orally active and broad-spectrum bacteriostatic lincosamide antibiotic. Clindamycin can inhibit bacterial protein synthesis, possessing the ability to suppress the expression of virulence factors in Staphylococcus aureus at sub-inhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs). Clindamycin resistance results from enzymatic methylation of the antibiotic binding site in the 50S ribosomal subunit (23S rRNA). Clindamycin decreases the production of Panton-Valentine leucocidin (PVL), toxic-shock-staphylococcal toxin (TSST-1) or alpha-haemolysin (Hla). Clindamycin also can be used for researching malaria .
    Clindamycin-13C,d3
  • HY-178690
    MyD88-IN-4

    		MyD88 IFNAR Infection Inflammation/Immunology
    MyD88-IN-4 is a MyD88 inhibitor. MyD88-IN-4 exerts antiviral effects by up-regulating IFN-β, and anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokine production. MyD88-IN-4 prevents MyD88 homodimer formation and its interaction with IRF3/IRF7. MyD88-IN-4 demonstrates efficacy against encephalitic alphavirus infections by reducing viral replication and improving survival in VEEV TC-83-infected mouse models. MyD88-IN-4 can be used for the study of alphavirus infections, bacterial toxin-related diseases, and sepsis .
    MyD88-IN-4
  • HY-122740
    Retro-1

    		Bacterial Infection
    Retro-1 is a toxin inhibitor. Retro-1 blocks the retrograde transport of STxB to the trans-Golgi network/Golgi. Retro-1 inhibits the cytotoxic effects of Ricin, bacterial toxins Stx1 and Stx2. Retro-1 can also substantially enhance the effectiveness of antisense and splice switching oligonucleotides .
    Retro-1
  • HY-P11004
    A3-APO

    		Bacterial Antibiotic Infection
    A3-APO is an antimicrobial peptide. A3-APO has a significant antimicrobial activity by a dual mode of action with both membrane disintegration and intracellular target inhibition. A3-APO can deactivate bacterial toxins and increase the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines (such as IL-4 and IL-10), without antimicrobial resistance. A3-APO accelerates burn wounds healing in mice infection model of Acinetobacter baumannii and Staphylococcus aureus .
    A3-APO
  • HY-B1455S
    Clindamycin-d3 hydrochloride

    		Bacterial Antibiotic Parasite Infection
    Clindamycin-d3 (hydrochloride) is the deuterium labeled Clindamycin. Clindamycin is an orally active and broad-spectrum bacteriostatic lincosamide antibiotic. Clindamycin can inhibit bacterial protein synthesis, possessing the ability to suppress the expression of virulence factors in Staphylococcus aureus at sub-inhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs). Clindamycin resistance results from enzymatic methylation of the antibiotic binding site in the 50S ribosomal subunit (23S rRNA). Clindamycin decreases the production of Panton-Valentine leucocidin (PVL), toxic-shock-staphylococcal toxin (TSST-1) or alpha-haemolysin (Hla). Clindamycin also can be used for researching malaria .
    Clindamycin-d3 hydrochloride
  • HY-NP015
    SLT/SLT-IIe (O139) protein

    		Bacterial Infection
    SLT/SLT-IIe (O139) protein is a cytotoxin that can be isolated from enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC). SLT/SLT-IIe (O139) protein causes edema in pigs .
    SLT/SLT-IIe (O139) protein
  • HY-N2387R
    Pinosylvin (Standard)

    		Reference Standards Bacterial Apoptosis Autophagy Infection Cancer
    Pinosylvin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Pinosylvin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Pinosylvin is a pre-infectious stilbenoid toxin isolated from the heartwood of Pinus species, has anti-bacterial activities . Pinosylvin is a resveratrol analogue, can induce cell apoptosis and autophapy in leukemia cells .
    Pinosylvin (Standard)
  • HY-168705
    Anti-MRSA agent 20

    		Bacterial Infection
    Anti-MRSA agent 20 (Compound a4) is an anti-microbial agent (MIC: < 0.03125 μg/mL) against MRSA). Anti-MRSA agent 20 binds to the ribosomal peptidyl transferase center and inhibits bacterial survival by inhibiting MRSA toxin synthesis and bacterial division. Anti-MRSA agent 20 significantly reduces the MRSA load in the lungs and attenuates lung injury in the MRSA-infected mice (ED50 = 6.48 mg/kg) .
    Anti-MRSA agent 20
  • HY-B1455R
    Clindamycin (Standard)

    		Reference Standards Bacterial Antibiotic Parasite Infection Cancer
    Clindamycin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Clindamycin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Clindamycin is an orally active and broad-spectrum bacteriostatic lincosamide antibiotic. Clindamycin can inhibit bacterial protein synthesis, possessing the ability to suppress the expression of virulence factors in Staphylococcus aureus at sub-inhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs). Clindamycin resistance results from enzymatic methylation of the antibiotic binding site in the 50S ribosomal subunit (23S rRNA). Clindamycin decreases the production of Panton-Valentine leucocidin (PVL), toxic-shock-staphylococcal toxin (TSST-1) or alpha-haemolysin (Hla). Clindamycin also can be used for researching malaria .
    Clindamycin (Standard)
  • HY-183851
    KKL-55

    		Bacterial mRNA Infection
    KKL-55 is a broad-spectrum antibacterial agent that inhibits the trans-translation pathway and the ClpXP protease. KKL-55 suppresses trans-translation of non-stop mRNA, interferes with the binding of EF-Tu to tmRNA, and inhibits the proteolysis of substrates by ClpXP. KKL-55 blocks spore germination of Bacillus anthracis and protects macrophages from damage induced by anthrax toxin. By virtue of its inhibitory effect on ClpXP, KKL-55 synergistically enhances the antibacterial activity of antibiotics against drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. KKL-55 can be used in studies related to bacterial infections .
    KKL-55
  • HY-DY1108
    Nicotinamide 1,N6-ethenoadenine dinucleotide (solution)

    ε-NAD (solution)

    		 Glutamate Dehydrogenase (GLDH) Phosphodiesterase (PDE) Fluorescent Dye Others
    Nicotinamide 1,N6-ethenoadenine dinucleotide (solution) (ε-NAD (solution)) is a fluorescent analog of NAD. Nicotinamide 1,N6-ethenoadenine dinucleotide can be cleaved by phosphodiesterase I (from C. adamanteus venom) and binds to bovine liver glutamate dehydrogenase. Nicotinamide 1,N6-ethenoadenine dinucleotide can serve as a substrate for G-ADP ribosylation of G proteins catalyzed by bacterial toxins. Nicotinamide 1,N6-ethenoadenine dinucleotide can be used as a fluorescent substrate for the study of ADP ribosylation reactions .
    Solvent and concentration: ddH2O: 20 mM
    Nicotinamide 1,N6-ethenoadenine dinucleotide (solution)
  • HY-179376
    Anti-virulence factor-IN-3

    		Bacterial Infection
    Anti-virulence factor-IN-3 (Compound 21) is a covalent β-aminosulfinyl type anthrax edema factor (EF) inhibitor, with a Ki value of 0.44 μM. Anti-virulence factor-IN-3 generates an active ethylene sulfinyl intermediate, which forms an irreversible covalent bond with the Lys residue at the active center of EF, permanently inhibiting the adenylate cyclase activity of EF. Anti-virulence factor-IN-3 effectively inhibits the cAMP production induced by EF, with an EC50 value of 0.15 μM. Anti-virulence factor-IN-3 can be used for research on anthrax Infection .
    Anti-virulence factor-IN-3
  • HY-182505
    QS-IN-1

    		Bacterial Infection
    QS-IN-1 (Compound 10 in Table 2 on page 18) is a quorum sensing (QS) inhibitor with an IC50 of 1.22 μM against agr-type QS. QS-IN-1 is applicable to the research of bacterial infections .
    QS-IN-1

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