2. Search Result
Search Result
Results for "

G12C mutant

" in MedChemExpress (MCE) Product Catalog:

58

Inhibitors & Agonists

4

Peptides

2

Isotope-Labeled Compounds

2

Click Chemistry

Cat. No. Product Name Target Research Areas Chemical Structure
  • HY-130149
    Adagrasib
    Maximum Cited Publications
    57 Publications Verification

    MRTX849

    		 Ras Cancer
    Adagrasib (MRTX849) is a potent, orally-available, and mutation-selective covalent inhibitor of KRAS G12C with potential antineoplastic activity. Adagrasib covalently binds to KRAS G12C at the cysteine at residue 12, locks the protein in its inactive GDP-bound conformation, and inhibits KRAS-dependent signal transduction .
    Adagrasib
  • HY-156498
    RMC-7977
    10+ Cited Publications

    		 Ras ERK Raf Ribosomal S6 Kinase (RSK) AMPK Apoptosis PARP Cancer
    RMC-7977 is an orally active triple-complex RAS inhibitor that can simultaneously bind to cyclophilin A (CYPA) (Kd = 195 nM) and KRAS (G12V) (Kd = 292 μM). It exhibits broad-spectrum inhibitory activity against KRAS, NRAS, and HRAS proteins and their various wild-type and mutant variants. RMC-7977 induces apoptosis by inhibiting the phosphorylation of ERK, CRAF, and RSK, as well as increasing PARP cleavage. This leads to tumor regression, reduces resistance in KRAS G12C cancer models, and demonstrates good tolerability across various RAS cancer models .
    RMC-7977
  • HY-153724
    BI-2865
    10+ Cited Publications

    		 Ras Cancer
    BI-2865 is a none-covalent pan-KRAS Inhibitor. BI-2865 binds to WT, G12C, G12D, G12V and G13D mutant KRAS with KDs of 6.9, 4.5, 32, 26, 4.3 nM respectively. BI-2865 inhibits the proliferation of G12C, G12D or G12V mutant KRAS expressing BaF3 cells (mean IC50: roughly 140 nM) .
    BI-2865
  • HY-153346
    Elironrasib
    2 Publications Verification

    RMC-6291

    		 Ras ERK Apoptosis Cancer
    Elironrasib is an orally active and covalent inhibitor of KRAS G12C(ON). Elironrasib forms a tri-complex within tumor cells between KRAS G12C(ON) and cyclophilin A (CypA). Thus, Elironrasib prevents KRAS G12C(ON) from signaling via steric blockade of RAS effector binding. Elironrasib inhibits ERK signaling and induced apoptosis in KRASG12C-mutant H358 cells. Elironrasib also inhibits the proliferation of KRAS G12C mutant cells with a median IC50 of 0.11 nM .
    Elironrasib
  • HY-132844
    Tunlametinib

    HL-085

    		 MEK Cancer
    Tunlametinib is a highly selective, orally active MEK1/2 inhibitor (IC50=1.9 nM, MEK1). Tunlametinib blocks the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK signaling pathway, arrests tumor cell cycle and promotes apoptosis. Tunlametinib potently inhibits the proliferation of RAS/RAF mutant cancer cells (such as BRAF V600E, KRAS G12C mutant cells). Tunlametinib shows synergistic anti-tumor effects with BRAF/KRASG12C/SHP2 inhibitors, Docetaxel (HY-B0011). Tunlametinib can be used to study targeted therapy for RAS/RAF mutation-driven malignancies (such as melanoma, colorectal cancer, and non-small cell lung cancer) .
    Tunlametinib
  • HY-114277A
    Sotorasib racemate
    1 Publications Verification

    AMG-510 racemate

    		 Ras p38 MAPK Cancer
    Sotorasib racemate (Compound A) is an orally active racemate of Sotorasib (HY-114277), a covalent inhibitor of KRAS G12C mutant which induces adaptive feedback activation of MAPK pathway. Sotorasib racemate also exerts inhibitor activity against KRAS G12C induced cancer and can be applied to cancer research .
    Sotorasib racemate
  • HY-128522
    ARS-1323-alkyne

    		Ras Cancer
    ARS-1323-alkyne is a covalent inhibitor probe that covalently binds to the Switch-II pocket (S-IIP) of the KRAS G12C mutant protein. ARS-1323-alkyne visualizes the covalent modification of KRAS G12C and quantitatively measures the binding efficiency of the inhibitor to the target. ARS-1323-alkyne can be used to validate the target occupancy of KRAS G12C inhibitors and the synergistic mechanism of combination therapy .
    ARS-1323-alkyne
  • HY-160023
    Elisrasib

    D3S-001

    		 Ras PERK Cancer
    Elisrasib (D3S-001) is an orally active and selective inhibitor for KRAS. Elisrasib inhibits the proliferation of KRAS G12C mutant H358 and MIA-PA-CA-2. D3S-001 also inhibits the phosphorylation of cellular ERK1/2. Elisrasib exhibits good metabolic stability in hepatocytes, liver microsomes, plasma and whole blood in various species. D3S-001 exhibits good pharmacokinetic characteristics and antitumor efficacy in mice .
    Elisrasib
  • HY-19706
    ARS-853
    5 Publications Verification

    		 Ras Apoptosis Cancer
    ARS-853 is a cell-active, selective, covalent KRAS G12C inhibitor with an IC50 of 2.5 μM. ARS-853 inhibits mutant KRAS-driven signaling by binding to the GDP-bound oncoprotein and preventing activation .
    ARS-853
  • HY-164315
    KRAS G12C inhibitor 67

    		Ras PERK Cancer
    KRAS G12C inhibitor 67 (Example 35) is an orally active KRAS G12C inhibitor. KRAS G12C inhibitor 67 inhibits pERK and active KRas. KRAS G12C inhibitor 67 selectively inhibits the growth of various KRAS G12C mutant tumor cell lines. KRAS G12C inhibitor 67 exhibits anticancer activity against esophageal cancer, bladder cancer, colorectal cancer, lung cancer, and pancreatic cancer .
    KRAS G12C inhibitor 67
  • HY-156671
    RMC-4998

    		Ras PI3K ERK mTOR Apoptosis Cancer
    RMC-4998 is an orally active inhibitor targeting the active or GTP-bound state of the KRAS G12C mutant. RMC-4998 can form a ternary complex with intracellular CYPA and the activated KRAS G12C mutant, with an IC50 value of 28 nM. RMC-4998 can inhibit ERK signaling in KRAS G12C mutant cancer cells and induce apoptosis. RMC-4998 can be used for tumor research .
    RMC-4998
  • HY-154959
    AZD4747

    		Ras Cancer
    AZD4747 is a selective, blood-brain barrier-permeable mutant GTPase KRAS G12C inhibitor. AZD4747 has the potential to study cancer .
    AZD4747
  • HY-114436
    MRTX-1257
    5 Publications Verification

    		 Ras Cancer
    MRTX-1257 is a selective, irreversible, covalent and orally active KRAS G12C inhibitor, with an IC50 of 900 pM for KRAS dependent ERK phosphorylation in H358 cells .
    MRTX-1257
  • HY-153663
    TH-Z827

    		Ras Cancer
    TH-Z827 is a mutant selective KRAS(G12D) inhibitor with an IC50 of 2.4 μM. TH-Z827 does not bind KRAS(WT) or KRAS(G12C). TH-Z827 blocked the KRAS(G12D)-CRAF interaction with an IC50 value of 42 μM .
    TH-Z827
  • HY-175870
    Eras-4001

    		Ras Cancer
    Eras-4001 (Compound 14-1) is a pan-KRAS inhibitor. Eras-4001 has potent antitumor activities and significantly inhibits the proliferation of wild-type and mutant (such as KRAS G12D, KRAS G12V and KRAS G12C) cancer cells. Eras-4001 effectively inhibits tumor growth in GP2D and Panc0403 xenograft mouse models .
    Eras-4001
  • HY-U00416
    ARS-1323

    		Ras Cancer
    ARS-1323 is a KRAS G12C inhibitor. ARS-1323 specifically binds to the cysteine residue on the mutant K-Ras protein, locks it in the GDP-bound conformation, thereby blocking K-Ras activation and downstream signaling pathways. ARS-1323 can be used to investigate the signal transduction mechanisms and growth characteristics of tumor cells driven by K-Ras G12C .
    ARS-1323
  • HY-P2265A
    SAH-SOS1A TFA

    		SOS1 Ras Cancer
    SAH-SOS1A TFA is a peptide-based SOS1/KRAS protein interaction inhibitor. SAH-SOS1A TFA binds to wild-type and mutant KRAS (G12D, G12V, G12C, G12S, and Q61H) with nanomolar affinity (EC50=106-175 nM). SAH-SOS1A TFA directly and independently blocks nucleotide association. SAH-SOS1A TFA impairs KRAS-driven cancer cell viability and exerts its effects by on-mechanism blockade of the ERK-MAPK phosphosignaling cascade downstream of KRAS .
    SAH-SOS1A TFA
  • HY-162386
    UM4118

    		Cuproptosis Mitochondrial Metabolism Cancer
    UM4118 is a potent copper-selective non-genotoxic copper ionophore that induces cuproptosis in acute myeloid leukemia cells. UM4118 exhibits stronger activity against SF3B1G12C mutant acute myeloid leukemia cells. UM4118 transports extracellular copper into cells, elevates intracellular and mitochondrial copper levels, and triggers lipoylated DLAT aggregation, proteotoxic stress, iron-sulfur cluster protein depletion, reduced lipoylated protein levels, and maximal mitochondrial respiratory damage. UM4118 cytotoxicity can be enhanced by supplementation with extracellular copper, abolished by copper chelation, and shows synthetic lethal effects in the absence of iron-sulfur cluster biosynthesis/transport genes. UM4118 can be used for the study of acute myeloid leukemia .
    UM4118
  • HY-122914
    KRAS inhibitor-3
    1 Publications Verification

    		 Ras Cancer
    KRAS inhibitor-3 is an inhibitor of KRAS inhibitor. KRAS inhibitor-3 binds to WT and oncogenic KRAS mutants with high affinity (KD: 0.28 μM for KRAS WT, 0.63 μM for KRAS G12C, 0.37 μM for KRAS G12D, 0.74 μM for KRAS Q61H). KRAS inhibitor-3 also disrupts interaction of KRAS with Raf .
    KRAS inhibitor-3
  • HY-156529
    pan-KRAS-IN-2

    		Ras Cancer
    pan-KRAS-IN-2 (Compound 6) is a pan-inhibitor with IC50s ≤ 10 nM for KRAS WT and mutants (G12D, G12C, G12V, G12S, G12A and Q61H); and an IC50 > 10 μM for KRAS G13D. pan-KRAS-IN-2 can be used to study various KRAS-mediated cancers, such as pancreatic cancer and colorectal cancer .
    pan-KRAS-IN-2
  • HY-178042
    SS-3091

    		Ras Akt ERK Cancer
    SS-3091 is a pan-KRas inhibitor active across KRas G12D, KRas G12C, KRas G12V, KRas G12S mutants, with minimal effects on non-KRas-driven cancer cells. SS-3091 binds to the KRas·ARaf interaction interface, destabilizes the complex, and attenuates KRas activity. SS-3091 suppresses phosphorylation of S6K, Akt, and ERK. SS-3091 reduces proliferation and decreases colony formation of cancer cells bearing KRas G12 mutations. SS-3091 can be used for the research of KRas-driven cancers .
    SS-3091
  • HY-156671A
    RMC-4998 formic

    		Ras PI3K ERK mTOR Apoptosis Cancer
    RMC-4998 formic is an orally active inhibitor targeting the active or GTP-bound state of the KRAS G12C mutant. RMC-4998 formic can form a ternary complex with intracellular CYPA and the activated KRAS G12C mutant, with an IC50 value of 28 nM. RMC-4998 formic can inhibit ERK signaling in KRAS G12C mutant cancer cells and induce apoptosis. RMC-4998 formic can be used for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) research .
    RMC-4998 formic
  • HY-159591
    YK-8S

    		Ras Akt ERK Cancer
    YK-8S is a dual-targeted K-Ras (G12D/G12C) covalent inhibitor. YK-8S shows no significant binding to wild-type K-Ras and other mutants (G12R, G13D, Q61R/K). YK-8S exhibits anti-proliferative activity against H358 (G12C) and AGS (G12D) cells. YK-8S inhibits the phosphorylation of p-AKT/p-ERK in BaF3/G12D and G12C cells. YK-8S can be used for pancreatic cancer, colorectal cancer and other tumors with high incidence of G12D .
    YK-8S
  • HY-162100
    MR-2088

    		ULK Autophagy Cancer
    MR-2088 is a reversible, ATP-competitive, and selective ULK1/2 inhibitor with pEC50 values of 8.3 and 8.7 respectively. MR-2088 effectively inhibits autophagic flux and demonstrates a synergistic antiproliferative effect with Trametinib (HY-10999) (MEK inhibitor) in vitro. MR-2088 can be used for non-small lung cell cancer (NSCLC) research .
    MR-2088
  • HY-P11357A
    KRAS G12C Peptide TFA

    		IFNAR Cancer
    KRAS G12C Peptide TFA is the trifluoroacetate salt of KRAS G12C Peptide (HY-P11357). KRAS G12C Peptide is a specific peptide derived from the Kirsten rat sarcoma virus (KRAS) gene carrying the G12C oncogenic mutation. KRAS G12C Peptide induces responses like IFN-γ secretion and cytotoxicity. KRAS G12C Peptide can be used for the study of immune responses against KRAS G12C-mutant tumors .
    KRAS G12C Peptide TFA
  • HY-175025
    CH091138

    		PROTACs Ras Apoptosis Cancer
    CH091138 is a potent and selective KRASG12D PROTAC degrader with DC50s of 148.3 nM in HeLa cells and 469.8 nM in AsPC-1 cells. CH091138 selectively degrades exogenous and endogenous KRASG12D but not KRAS WT or other KRAS mutants (G12C/G12S/G12V), depending on the VHL-mediated ubiquitin-proteasome system. CH091138 exhibits potent anti-tumor activity and induces cancer cell apoptosis. CH091138 can be used for the studies of pancreatic cancer and colon cancer. (Pink: KRASG12D ligand (HY-175144); Blue: VHL E3 ligase ligand (HY-138678); Black: Linker; VHL E3 ligase ligand + Linker (HY-136006B)) .
    CH091138
  • HY-U00417
    ARS-1630
    1 Publications Verification

    		 Ras Cancer
    ARS-1630, a less active enantiomer of ARS-1620, is a novel inhibitor of mutant K-ras G12C extracted from patent WO 2015054572 A1.
    ARS-1630
  • HY-179403
    KRASG12C IN-17

    		Ras Cancer
    KRASG12C IN-17 is an orally active covalent KRAS G12C inhibitor, showing strong inhibitory activity in KRAS G12C-mutant cancer cells (NCI-H23 IC50 = 0.7 nM; NCI-H358 IC50 = 0.5 nM). KRASG12C IN-17 covalently and irreversibly binds to KRAS G12C with > 96% modification efficiency in both GDP-bound and GMPPNP-bound conformations. KRASG12C IN-17 can be used for studies of KRAS-driven cancers, including colorectal cancer .
    KRASG12C IN-17
  • HY-P2265
    SAH-SOS1A

    		SOS1 Ras Cancer
    SAH-SOS1A is a peptide-based SOS1/KRAS protein interaction inhibitor. SAH-SOS1A binds to wild-type and mutant KRAS (G12D, G12V, G12C, G12S, and Q61H) with nanomolar affinity (EC50=106-175 nM), directly and independently blocks nucleotide association, impairs KRAS-driven cancer cell viability, and exerts its effects by on-mechanism blockade of the ERK-MAPK phosphosignaling cascade downstream of KRAS .
    SAH-SOS1A
  • HY-176358S
    KRAS 2B G12C mutant, Arg-13C6,15N4, Lys-13C6,15N2

    		Isotope-Labeled Compounds Cancer
    KRAS 2B G12C mutant, Arg- 13C36, 15N4, Lys- 13C6, 15N2 is the 13C- and 15N-labeled KRAS 2B G12C mutant.
    KRAS 2B G12C mutant, Arg-13C6,15N4, Lys-13C6,15N2
  • HY-154959A
    (9R,12aR)-AZD4747

    		Ras Cancer
    (9R,12aR)-AZD4747 is a diastereomer of AZD4747 (HY-154959). AZD4747 is a selective mutant GTPase KRAS G12C inhibitor with blood-brain barrier permeability. AZD4747 has the potential to study cancer .
    (9R,12aR)-AZD4747
  • HY-178497
    ZJK-807

    		PROTACs Ras p38 MAPK TNF Receptor Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    ZJK-807 is a highly effective and selective PROTAC degrader targeting KRASG12D (DC50 = 79.5 nM in AsPC-1 cells). ZJK-807 shows minimal impact on wild-type KRAS or other mutants (G12C/S/V, G13D), inducing mutant-specific cytotoxicity. ZJK-807 suppresses RAS/MAPK signaling and uniquely modulates TNF signaling and eukaryotic ribosome biogenesis. ZJK-807 can be used for the study of KRAS-driven pancreatic cancer. Yellow: KRASG12D ligand (HY-W087383); Green: E3 ligase CRBN ligand (HY-178507); Black: Linker (HY-178506) .
    ZJK-807
  • HY-P11357
    KRAS G12C Peptide

    		IFNAR Cancer
    KRAS G12C Peptide is a specific peptide derived from the Kirsten rat sarcoma virus (KRAS) gene carrying the G12C oncogenic mutation. KRAS G12C Peptide induces responses like IFN-γ secretion and cytotoxicity. KRAS G12C Peptide can be used for the study of immune responses against KRAS G12C-mutant tumors .
    KRAS G12C Peptide
  • HY-18606
    K-Ras G12C-IN-3

    		Ras Cancer
    K-Ras G12C-IN-3 (Compound VI-5) is an irreversible small molecule inhibitor of mutant K-Ras G12C. K-Ras G12C-IN-3 can be used in the research of cancers .
    K-Ras G12C-IN-3
  • HY-18604
    K-Ras G12C-IN-1
    1 Publications Verification

    		 Ras Cancer
    K-Ras G12C-IN-1 is a novel and irreversible inhibitor of mutant K-ras G12C extracted from patent WO 2014152588 A1.
    K-Ras G12C-IN-1
  • HY-156671B
    RMC-4998 TFA

    		Ras PI3K ERK mTOR Apoptosis Cancer
    RMC-4998 TFA is an orally active inhibitor targeting the active or GTP-bound state of the KRAS G12C mutant. RMC-4998 TFA can form a ternary complex with intracellular CYPA and the activated KRAS G12C mutant, with an IC50 value of 28 nM. RMC-4998 TFA can inhibit ERK signaling in KRAS G12C mutant cancer cells and induce apoptosis. RMC-4998 TFA can be used for for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) research .
    RMC-4998 TFA
  • HY-159163
    KRASG12C IN-12

    		Ras Cancer
    KRASG12C IN-12 (compound-1) is a KRAS G12C inhibitor. KRASG12C IN-12 (compound-1) can form a ternary complex with intracellular CYPA and the activated KRAS G12C mutant .
    KRASG12C IN-12
  • HY-12408A
    6H05 TFA

    		Ras Cancer
    6H05 TFA is a selective, and allosteric inhibitor of oncogenic mutant K-Ras(G12C).
    6H05 TFA
  • HY-174851
    KRAS G12C-IN-70

    		Ras Cancer
    KRAS G12C-IN-70 is a selective KRAS G12C mutant inhibitor. KRAS G12C-IN-70 blocks KRAS G12C-mediated downstream signaling pathways (e.g., RAF-MEK-ERK) and inhibits tumor cell proliferation. KRAS G12C-IN-70 is promising for research of KRAS G12C mutation-related tumors (such as non-small cell lung cancer, colorectal cancer) .
    KRAS G12C-IN-70
  • HY-172237
    Sosimerasib

    		Ras Cancer
    Sosimerasib is an orally active KRAS G12C inhibitor. Sosimerasib can be used in research related to non-small cell lung cancer .
    Sosimerasib
  • HY-154313
    Spiclomazine

    Clospirazine

    		 Ras Cancer
    Spiclomazine (Clospirazine) is a potent mutant KRAS(G12C) inhibitor that selectively inhibits mutant KRAS-driven pancreatic cancer. Spiclomazine can eliminate KRas-GTP levels in KRAS-driven pancreatic cancer and effectively inhibit RAS-mediated signaling. Spiclomazine significantly inhibits tumor progression in mouse renal capsule xenotransplantation models .
    Spiclomazine
  • HY-114436S
    MRTX-1257-d6

    		Isotope-Labeled Compounds Cancer
    MRTX-1257-d6 is the deuterium labeled MRTX-1257 (HY-114436). MRTX-1257 is a selective, irreversible, covalent and orally active KRAS G12C inhibitor, with an IC50 of 900 pM for KRAS dependent ERK phosphorylation in H358 cells .
    MRTX-1257-d6
  • HY-145022
    KRAS G12C inhibitor 25

    		Ras Cancer
    KRAS G12C inhibitor 25 is a KRAS G12C inhibitor. KRAS G12C inhibitor 25 inhibits SOSl-assisted GDP/GTP exchanging activity of KRAS-G12C mutant (IC50=0.48 nM). From WO2021216770A1 compound 3 .
    KRAS G12C inhibitor 25
  • HY-168012
    Pan-RAS-IN-6

    		Ras Phosphatase Cancer
    Pan-RAS-IN-6 (compound 24) is an inhibitor targeting DUSP6, which reduces MAPK activation in the brain of the NCI-H1373-Luc model (DUSP6), at the same time, it shows significant tumor growth inhibition and tumor regression effects in the NSCLC brain metastasis mouse model. Pan-RAS-IN-6 shows high selectivity and strong inhibitory effects, especially in KRAS mutation-related signaling pathways, demonstrating varying inhibitory activity against different KRAS mutants and interacting proteins. The IC50 values for KRAS G12C, G12D, and G12V are 1.3 nM, 4.7 nM, and 0.3 nM, respectively .
    Pan-RAS-IN-6
  • HY-151999
    KRAS G12C inhibitor 65

    		Ras Cancer
    KRAS G12C inhibitor 65 is a potent and covalent KRAS G12C inhibitor that traps KRAS G12C in the GDP-bound state. KRASG12C IN-1 exhibits potent antitumor activity against KRAS-mutant non-small cell lung cancer .
    KRAS G12C inhibitor 65
  • HY-151287
    KRAS inhibitor-20

    		Ras Cancer
    KRAS inhibitor-20 is a small molecular inhibitor of KRas G12C, the oncogenic mutant. KRAS inhibitor-20 inhibits KRas G12C with the IC50 value <10 nM .
    KRAS inhibitor-20
  • HY-12408
    6H05

    		Ras Cancer
    6H05 is a selective, and allosteric inhibitor of oncogenic mutant K-Ras(G12C).
    6H05
  • HY-170550
    KRAS G12C inhibitor 69

    		Ras ERK Cancer
    KRAS G12C inhibitor 69 (Compound K09) is the inhibitor for mutant RAS protein KRASG12C with an IC50 of 4.36 nM. KRAS G12C inhibitor 69 inhibits the ERK phosphorylation in NCI-H358 and MIA-PACA-2 with an IC50 of 12 nM and 7 nM. KRAS G12C inhibitor 69 inhibits the proliferation of cancer cell NCI-H358 and MIA-PACA-2 with IC50 of 3.15 nM and 2.33 nM .
    KRAS G12C inhibitor 69
  • HY-164389
    SML-10-70-1

    		Ras Cancer
    SML-10-70-1 is a ligand for RAS, which covalently modifies the K-Ras G12C mutant protein, and inhibits the phosphorylation of ERK and Akt. SML-10-70-1 inhibits the proliferation of cancer cells H23, H358 and A549 with IC50 of 26.6-47.6 μM .
    SML-10-70-1
  • HY-181716
    KRAS G12C-IN-74

    		Ras Apoptosis Cancer
    KRAS G12C-IN-74 is an orally active, selective KRAS G12C inhibitor with a target IC50 of 43.18 nM. KRAS G12C-IN-74 induces G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in KRAS G12C-mutant cancer cells. KRAS G12C-IN-74 is applicable for the research of KRAS G12C-mutant pancreatic cancer, colorectal cancer and lung cancer .
    KRAS G12C-IN-74

Inquiry Online

Your information is safe with us. * Required Fields.

Salutation

  

Country or Region *

Applicant Name *

 

Organization Name *

Department *

     

Email Address *

 

Product Name *

Cat. No.

  

Requested quantity *

Phone Number *

     

Remarks

Inquiry Online

Inquiry Information

Product Name:
Cat. No.:
Quantity:
MCE Japan Authorized Agent: