SMAP-29 

SMAP‑29 is a cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide with LPS‑binding and anti‑inflammatory properties. SMAP‑29 exerts broad‑spectrum antimicrobial activity against bacteria, fungi and multidrug‑resistant isolates. SMAP‑29 kills pathogens by permeabilizing bacterial membranes, inducing depolarization and cell lysis, and also inhibits inflammatory cytokines while reducing lethality in septic shock and pneumonia models. SMAP-29 can be used for research on bacterial infections, drug-resistant infections, septic shock^{[1][2][3][4][5]}.

SMAP-29 exhibits potent and broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against a variety of Gram-negative bacteria, Gram-positive bacteria, and yeasts, with a MIC of 0.125-4 μg/mL (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhimurium, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, and MRSA strains); at a concentration of 4 μg/mL, it can be used as a rapid bactericide ^[1][3].
SMAP-29 (1-256 μM; 1 h) induces 10% hemolysis of human red blood cells at 6.0 μM and exhibits dose-dependent hemolytic activity up to 256 μM^[1].
SMAP-29 (1.25-10 μM; 6 h (LPS incubation)) inhibits LPS-induced TNF-α and IL-6 production in RAW 264.7 mouse macrophage cells^[1].
SMAP-29 induces rapid and complete membrane depolarization in Staphylococcus aureus (KCTC 1621) cells at 2 × MIC (4-8 μM), and causes marked cytoplasmic membrane depolarization in Escherichia coli DC2 cells at its MIC (0.125 μg/mL)^[1][3].
SMAP-29 (real time) induces rapid, complete dye leakage from bacterial membrane-mimicking EYPE/EYPG (7:3 w/w) LUVs, demonstrating strong membrane-disruptive activity^[1].
SMAP-29 (0.2 μg/mL Trypsin (HY-129047); 4 h) is susceptible to trypsin digestion, with complete loss of antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli (KCTC 1682) after 4 h of incubation with 0.2 μg/mL trypsin at 37 °C^[1].
SMAP-29 (0.78 μg/mL) binds with high affinity to E. coli UB1005 LPS, displacing 90% of bound DPX with an I₅₀ of 0.78 μg/mL^[3].
SMAP-29 (8-10 μM; 30 min) completely inhibits the procoagulant activity of Escherichia coli O111:B4 LPS and exhibits half-maximal LPS-binding activity at an EC₅₀ of 3.2 μM^[4].
SMAP-29 (24 h) exhibits in vitro antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC 17,978, ATCC 19,606, and MDR strains, with a MIC of 8 μg/mL and MBC of 8 μg/mL for the two laboratory strains^[5].
SMAP-29 (16 μg/mL, 32 μg/mL; 2-120 min) rapidly kills Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC 17,978 in vitro, with near-undetectable bacterial levels observed within 2 min at 1×MIC (16 μg/mL) and complete bacterial elimination observed within 2 min at 2×MIC (32 μg/mL)^[5].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

SMAP-29 (1 mg/kg; i.p.; single dose) reduces plasma endotoxin to virtually undetectable levels and plasma TNF-α to 0.20 ng/mL in this septic shock rat model^[4].
SMAP-29 (1 mg/kg; i.v.; single dose) either immediately or 360 minutes after cecal ligation and puncture reduces lethality to 20.0% or 26.6% respectively, lowers peritoneal fluid bacterial counts, and significantly suppresses plasma endotoxin and TNF-α levels in this septic shock rat model^[4].
SMAP-29 (16, 32 μg/mL; intratracheal; single dose; 30 minutes pre-infection) significantly reduces mortality in a mouse model of Acinetobacter baumannii-induced pneumonia, maintaining a ~90% survival rate over 10 days^[5].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

3256.02

C₁₄₆H₂₆₀N₅₂O₃₂

172485-26-6

Solid

White to off-white

RGLRRLGRKIAHGVKKYGPTVLRIIRIAG

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Sealed storage, away from moisture and light, under nitrogen

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture and light, under nitrogen)

• [1]. Jacob B, et al. The stereochemical effect of SMAP-29 and SMAP-18 on bacterial selectivity, membrane interaction and anti-inflammatory activity. Amino Acids. 2016;48(5):1241-1251.

  [2]. Skerlavaj B, et al. SMAP-29: a potent antibacterial and antifungal peptide from sheep leukocytes. FEBS Lett. 1999;463(1-2):58-62.  [Content Brief]

  [3]. Anderson RC, et al. Antimicrobial activity and bacterial-membrane interaction of ovine-derived cathelicidins. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2004;48(2):673-676.  [Content Brief]

  [4]. Giacometti A, et al. Cathelicidin peptide sheep myeloid antimicrobial peptide-29 prevents endotoxin-induced mortality in rat models of septic shock. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2004;169(2):187-194.

  [5]. Jung CJ, et al. Identification of potential therapeutic antimicrobial peptides against Acinetobacter baumannii in a mouse model of pneumonia. Sci Rep. 2021;11(1):7318. Published 2021 Apr 1.