2. Anti-infection
  3. Parasite
  4. Ferroquine

Ferroquine  (Synonyms: Ferrochloroquine; SSR97193)

Cat. No.: HY-19364 Purity: 99.68%
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Ferroquine (Ferrochloroquine), a ferrocenyl analogue of Chloroquine, is an antimalarial agent. Ferroquine shows parasiticidal effect on Plasmodium by inducing oxidative stress and the subsequent destruction of the membrane.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Ferroquine Chemical Structure

Ferroquine Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 185055-67-8

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10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO
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Based on 2 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Ferroquine Related Antibodies

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Amebae Coccidia Leishmania Mite Plasmodium Toxoplasma Trypanosoma Schistosome

  • Biological Activity

  • Protocol

  • Purity & Documentation

  • References

  • Customer Review

Description

Ferroquine (Ferrochloroquine), a ferrocenyl analogue of Chloroquine, is an antimalarial agent. Ferroquine shows parasiticidal effect on Plasmodium by inducing oxidative stress and the subsequent destruction of the membrane[1].

IC50 & Target

Plasmodium

 

In Vitro

Ferroquine shows cytotoxicity against non-cancerous MRC-5 and HeLa cancer cells with IC50 values of 24.4 µM and 16.8 µM, respectively[1].
24 hours post-incubation all newly transformed schistosomula (NTS) exposed to 33.3 µM Ferroquine shows strongly reduced viabilities[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Ferroquine Related Antibodies
In Vivo

Treatment of mice with 200 and 800 mg/kg Ferroquine, shows low total worm burden reductions of 19.4% and 35.6%. One of the mice treated with 800 mg/kg Ferroquine died within 24 hours post-treatment. No activity is observed treating mice with RQ at 200 mg/kg. Finally, a total worm burden reduction of 17.3% is observed following treatment with FQ-OH. Hence, modification of Chloroquine (CQ) by a ferrocenyl or ruthenocenyl fragment does not increase the antischistosomal properties of CQ. For comparison, at 200 mg/kg mefloquine (MQ) achieves a much higher worm burden reduction of 72.3% in S. mansoni-infected mice. A higher effect against female adult S. mansoni is also observed in MQ treated mice pointing to a sex-specific interference of these drugs with the target. Furthermore, in one of the FQ-OH treated mice many dead worms are recovered and a hepatic shift (i.e. worms migrating to the liver) observed. Hence, Ferroquine and FQ-OH show weak antischistosomal activity in vivo[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Clinical Trial
Molecular Weight

433.75

Formula

C23H24ClFeN3
CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

Light yellow to orange

SMILES

ClC1=CC=C2C(NC[C-]34[Fe+2]56789%10%11([CH-]%12[CH]8=[CH]9[CH]%10=[CH]%11%12)C3(CN(C)C)=[CH]5[CH]6=[CH]47)=CC=NC2=C1
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years
4°C 2 years
In solvent -80°C 2 years
-20°C 1 year
Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : 4.35 mg/mL (10.03 mM; ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 2.3055 mL 11.5274 mL 23.0548 mL
5 mM 0.4611 mL 2.3055 mL 4.6110 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

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  • Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass
=
Concentration
×
Volume
×
Molecular Weight *

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

Concentration (start)

C1

×
Volume (start)

V1

=
Concentration (final)

C2

×
Volume (final)

V2

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

    Solubility: ≥ 0.83 mg/mL (1.91 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 0.83 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (8.3 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

    Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

g

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
%
DMSO +
% 
+
%
Tween-80 +
%
Saline
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).
The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
 If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation

Purity: 99.68%

COA (262 KB) HNMR (272 KB) LCMS (450 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
Cell Assay
[1]

Cytotoxicity studies are performed on human cervix HeLa cancer cells and non tumorigenic human fetal lung fibroblasts MRC-5 to compare the activity of Ferroquine, RQ, FQ-OH, CQ, MQ and Cisplatin. The cell viability is determined via a colorimetric cell-based assay using Resazurin. Briefly, one day before treatment cells are plated in triplicates in 96-well plates at a density of 4 × 103 cells/well in 100 µL. Upon treating cells with increasing concentrations of the target complexes (freshly prepared stock solution in DMSO), cells are incubated at 37°C/6% CO2 for 48 h, the medium is removed, and 100 µL of complete medium containing resazurin (0.2 mg/mL final concentration) is added. After 4 h of incubation at 37°C/6% CO2, the fluorescence of the highly red fluorescent resorufin product is quantified at 590 nm emission with 540 nm excitation wavelength in a SpectraMax M5 microplate Reader[1].

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Animal Administration
[1]

Mice[1]
Groups of 3-4 NMRI mice are treated orally with single oral doses of 200 mg/kg of Ferroquine, FQ-OH and RQ. In addition, one group of mice is treated with a single oral dose of 800 mg/kg Ferroquine. Untreated mice serve as controls in all experiments. At 21 d post-treatment, animals are killed by the CO2 method and dissected. Worms are removed by picking, then sexed and counted.

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
DMSO 1 mM 2.3055 mL 11.5274 mL 23.0548 mL 57.6369 mL
5 mM 0.4611 mL 2.3055 mL 4.6110 mL 11.5274 mL
10 mM 0.2305 mL 1.1527 mL 2.3055 mL 5.7637 mL
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Ferroquine Related Classifications

Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

Ferroquine185055-67-8Ferrochloroquine SSR97193SSR97193SSR 97193SSR-97193ParasiteAntischistosomalantimalarialerrocenylPlasmodiumhemozoinradicalInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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