COX
Cyclooxygenase
Cyclooxygenase (COX), officially known as prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase (PTGS), is an enzyme that is responsible for formation of important biological mediators called prostanoids, including prostaglandins, prostacyclin and thromboxane. Pharmacological inhibition of COX can provide relief from the symptoms of inflammation and pain. Drugs, like Aspirin, that inhibit cyclooxygenase activity have been available to the public for about 100 years. Two cyclooxygenase isoforms have been identified and are referred to as COX-1 and COX-2. Under many circumstances the COX-1 enzyme is produced constitutively (i.e., gastric mucosa) whereas COX-2 is inducible (i.e., sites of inflammation). Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), such as aspirin and ibuprofen, exert their effects through inhibition of COX. The main COX inhibitors are the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
COX Isoform Specific Products
All Product Categories
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COX Related Products (1293)
Related Products (1293)
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Antibodies (6)
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COX Isoform Comparison
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Thioflosulide
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-19217CAS No.: 158205-05-1Synonyms: L-745337Thioflosulide (L-745337) is a selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) inhibitor, with an IC50 of 2.3 nM, and shows anti-inflammatory activity.
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COX-2-IN-39
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-157583CAS No.: 1018480-89-1COX-2-IN-39 (compound 44) is a potent inhibitor of COX-2, with the IC50 value of 0.4 nM.
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Roburic acid (Standard)
0 ImagesRoburic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Roburic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Roburic acid acts as an anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor and osteoclastogenesis inhibitor, with a Ki of 7.066 μM against human TNF, an IC50 of 9 μM against human COX-2, and an IC50 of 5 μM against ovine COX-1. Roburic acid reduces the production of inflammatory mediators such as NO and IL-6 in macrophages by inhibiting the NF-κB and MAPK (p38/JNK) pathways. By competitively inhibiting the TNF-TNF-R1 interaction, Roburic acid blocks the downstream NF-κB signaling pathway, thereby inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in cancer cells. Roburic acid specifically inhibits osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption by suppressing the RANKL/TRAF6/NF-κB/NFATc1 axis. Roburic acid can be used in research related to osteolytic diseases such as osteoporosis, colorectal cancer and inflammatory diseases.
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Veratric acid (Standard)
0 ImagesVeratric acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Veratric acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Veratric acid (3,4-Dimethoxybenzoic acid) is an orally active phenolic compound derived from vegetables and fruits, has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Veratric acid also acts as a protective agent against hypertension-associated cardiovascular remodelling. Veratric acid reduces upregulated COX-2 expression, and levels of PGE2, IL-6 after UVB irradiation.
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Curcumenol (Standard)
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-N2259RCAS No.: 19431-84-6Synonyms: (+)-Curcumenol (Standard)Curcumenol (Standard) ((+)-Curcumenol (Standard)) is the analytical standard of Curcumenol (HY-N2259). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Curcumenol ((+)-Curcumenol) is a natural compound with oral efficacy, exhibiting an IC50 of 12.6 μM and a Ki of 10.8 μM against human CYP3A4. Curcumenol inhibits TNFα-induced phosphorylation/degradation of IκBα, phosphorylation/nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65, as well as the upregulation of MMP3, MMP9, MMP13, TRAF3, IL1RL1, TNFα and IL-1β. Curcumenol suppresses LPS-induced phosphorylation of Akt and p38 MAPK, as well as the production of pro-inflammatory mediators/proteins, and downregulates the SLC7A11/NF-κB/TGF-β pathway. Curcumenol binds to and inhibits the activation of Fyn and Lyn, blocks the function of downstream FcεRI signaling components, and reduces the release of allergic mediators/cytokines. Curcumenol upregulates the expression of KDM6B, and promotes chondrocyte proliferation and cartilage repair. Curcumenol induces ferroptosis and apoptosis, regulates the EMT process, and inhibits tumor growth and metastasis of triple-negative breast cancer. Curcumenol possesses anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, antioxidant, antitumor, antiviral and hepatoprotective activities. Curcumenol can be used in research related to intervertebral disc degeneration, cancer, inflammation, central nervous system neurodegenerative diseases, allergic reactions and knee osteoarthritis.
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Ufenamate (Standard)
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-100009RCAS No.: 67330-25-0Synonyms: Flufenamic acid butyl ester (Standard); Butyl flufenamate (Standard)Ufenamate (Standard) is the analytical standard of Ufenamate (HY-100009). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Ufenamate (Flufenamic acid butyl ester) is an anthranilic acid-based anti-inflammatory drug that can be used in the study of skin diseases such as acute and chronic eczema, contact dermatitis, diaper dermatitis, miliary rashes and atopic dermatitis. Ufenamate has a certain photoprotective effect, reduces the degree of skin erythema and swelling in the photoaging model, downregulates the expression level of COX-2 and can promote the healing of mouse skull defects by secreting BMP2.
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Loxoprofen-d3
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-W654009Loxoprofen-d3 is deuterium labeled Loxoprofen. Loxoprofen is a non-steroidal, orally active anti-inflammatory agent with analgesic and anti-pyretic properties. Loxoprofen is a nonselective COX inhibitor with IC50s of 6.5 and 13.5 μM for COX-1 and COX-2, respectively. Loxoprofen can reduce atherosclerosis and shows antitumor activity.
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Trifenagrel (Standard)
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-105872RCAS No.: 84203-09-8Trifenagrel (Standard) is the analytical standard of Trifenagrel (HY-105872). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Trifenagrel is an orally active platelet aggregation inhibitor that inhibits the inducing effects of arachidonic acid (AA) and collagen. The ED50s of trifenagrel for inhibiting AA- and collagen-induced platelet aggregation in guinea pigs were 1.4 mg/kg and 9.4 mg/kg, respectively.
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Tenoxicam (Standard)
0 ImagesSynonyms: Ro-12-0068 (Standard)Tenoxicam (Standard) is the analytical standard of Tenoxicam. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Tenoxicam (Ro-12-0068), an antiinflammatory agent with analgesic and antipyretic properties.
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Loxoprofen (Standard)
0 ImagesLoxoprofen (Standard) is the analytical standard of Loxoprofen. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Loxoprofen is a non-steroidal, orally active anti-inflammatory agent with analgesic and anti-pyretic properties. Loxoprofen is a nonselective COX inhibitor with IC50s of 6.5 and 13.5 μM for COX-1 and COX-2, respectively. Loxoprofen can reduce atherosclerosis and shows antitumor activity.
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Oxyphenbutazone (Standard)
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-B1355ARCAS No.: 129-20-4Oxyphenbutazone (Standard) is the analytical standard of Oxyphenbutazone. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Oxyphenbutazone is a Phenylbutazone (HY-B0230) metabolite, with anti-inflammatory effect. Oxyphenbutazone is an orally active non-selective COX inhibitor. Oxyphenbutazone selectively kills non-replicating Mycobaterium tuberculosis.
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Mavacoxib (Standard)
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-119447RCAS No.: 170569-88-7Mavacoxib (Standard) is the analytical standard of Mavacoxib. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Mavacoxib is a selective, oral long-acting cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor and a long-acting non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). Mavacoxib is used to treat pain and inflammation associated with degenerative joint disease in dogs.
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Haloperidol decanoate (Standard)
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-107969RCAS No.: 74050-97-8Haloperidol decanoate (Standard) is the analytical standard of Haloperidol decanoate. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Haloperidol decanoate is a depot preparation of haloperidol, a commonly used butyrophenone derivative with antipsychotic activity. Haloperidol decanoate can increase the striatal D2 receptor in rat. Haloperidol decanoate can improve conditions of psychoses (mainly schizophrenia). Haloperidol decanoate can lead to increased accumulation of the dopamine metabolites homo-vanillic acid. Haloperidol decanoate can reduce intestinal transport, increase gastric emptying and reduce acid output in rat model.
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Rebamipide mofetil (Standard)
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-109158RCAS No.: 1527495-76-6Rebamipide mofetil (Standard) is the analytical standard of Rebamipide mofetil (HY-109158). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Rebamipide mofetil is an orally active proagent of Rebamipide (OPC12759). Rebamipide is a mucoprotective agent. Rebamipide induces COX-2 expression, increases PGE2 levels, and enhances gastric mucosal defense in a COX-2-dependent manner.
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Tamarixetin (Standard)
0 ImagesTamarixetin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Tamarixetin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Tamarixetin (4'-O-Methyl Quercetin) is an orally active natural flavonoid derivative of quercetin and caseinolytic protease p (ClpP) inhibitor with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antitumor effects. Tamarixetin inhibits the hydrolytic activity of ClpP to the fluorescent substrate Suc-LY-AMC with an IC50 of 49.73 μM, which can be used for the study of Staphylococcus aureus infection. Tamarixetin inhibits tumor cell growth, induces apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest. Tamarixetin prevents cardiac hypertrophy by inhibiting the NFAT and AKT pathways.
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Nimesulide-13C6
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-B0363S1Synonyms: R805-13C6
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Cimicoxib (Standard)
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-100516RCAS No.: 265114-23-6Synonyms: UR-8880 (Standard)Cimicoxib (Standard) is the analytical standard of Cimicoxib. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Cimicoxib (UR-8880) is an orally active, blood-brain barrier-permeable COX-2 inhibitor that also exerts targeted inhibition on CYP2D15. It has an IC50 of 66 nM against hCOX-2, an IC50 of 1.6 μM against canine CYP2D15, and an IC50 of 0.056 μM against feline CYP2D15. By inhibiting the COX-2 pathway to reduce the production of thromboxane B2 and prostaglandin E2, Cimicoxib exerts antipyretic, anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. Cimicoxib is metabolized by CYP2D15 to form demethyl-cimicoxib, undergoes glucuronidation via UDP-glucuronosyltransferases, and exhibits biphasic elimination kinetics in beagle dogs. Cimicoxib is widely used in studies of inflammatory diseases, osteoarthritis, and perioperative pain associated with orthopedic or soft tissue surgeries.
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Saponarin (Standard)
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-N5083RCAS No.: 20310-89-8Saponarin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Saponarin (HY-N5083). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Saponarin is an orally active flavonoid compound. Saponarin can be isolated from Gypsophila trichotoma. Saponarin inhibits ERK/p38, NF-κB and MAPK phosphorylation and activates AMPK. Saponarin reduces IL-1β and COX-2. Saponarin has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, hypoglycemic and hypotensive effects. Saponarin improves sleep disorders.
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SARS-CoV-2 Mpro-IN-41
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-173485SARS-CoV-2 Mpro-IN-41 (Compound 7e) is an orally active inhibitor of COX-2 and SARS-CoV-2 M pro (IC50 values are 9.66 μM and 13.24 μM, respectively). SARS-CoV-2 Mpro-IN-41 also has a certain inhibitory activity against COX-1 (IC50: 46.11 μM). SARS-CoV-2 Mpro-IN-41 can significantly inhibit the expression of inflammatory-related cytokines (such as TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β) and exert anti-inflammatory effects. SARS-CoV-2 Mpro-IN-41 exerts anti-inflammatory and antiviral effects by selectively inhibiting COX-2 and SARS-CoV-2 M pro. SARS-CoV-2 Mpro-IN-41 can be used for anti-inflammatory and anti-coronavirus research.
