Nitazoxanide
Based on 15 publication(s) in Google Scholar
Nitazoxanide (NTZ), an anthelmintic agent, exhibits a broad spectrum of activities against a wide variety of helminths, protozoa, and enteric bacteria infecting animals and humans. Nitazoxanide inhibits Giardia lamblia trophozoite proliferation in axenic culture with an IC50 of 2.4 μM. Nitazoxanide can be used for the research of parasitic gastroenteritis. Nitazoxanide shows anti-Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) activity in a mouse model.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity: 99.28%
- CAS No.: 55981-09-4
- Formula: C12H9N3O5S
- Molecular Weight:307.28
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Storage:Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 2 years , -20°C, 1 year
Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Nitazoxanide
More- Autophagy. 2025 Dec 8. [Abstract]
- Cell Rep Med. 2024 Dec 30:101890. [Abstract]
- Pharmacol Res. 2024 May 9:204:107208. [Abstract]
- Cell Death Dis. 2018 Oct 9;9(10):1032. [Abstract]
- BMC Med. 2023 Feb 21;21(1):68. [Abstract]
- ACS Environ Au. 2025 Aug 5;5(6):573-582. [Abstract]
- Anal Chem. 2025 Jun 3;97(21):11099-11109. [Abstract]
- Biochem Pharmacol. 2021 Aug:190:114588. [Abstract]
- Chem Biol Interact. 2024 Jul 30:400:111176. [Abstract]
- Biomolecules. 2024 Sep 30;14(10):1236. [Abstract]
- mBio. 2023 Dec 19;14(6):e0168823. [Abstract]
- Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2021 Mar 18;65(4):e01445-20. [Abstract]
- iScience. 2024 Mar 19;27(4):109533. [Abstract]
- Microbiol Spectr. 2024 Jan 11;12(1):e0229523. [Abstract]
- Universidade de São Paulo. 2020 Sep.
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IF
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ELISA
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WB
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Cell Imaging/Staining
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WB
All Parasite Isoforms
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Biological Activity
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Cell Line
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Type | Value | Description | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A549 | IC50 |
>50 μM
Compound: NTZ
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Antiproliferative activity against human A549 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition measured after 48 hrs by MTT assay
Antiproliferative activity against human A549 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition measured after 48 hrs by MTT assay
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[PMID: 34055214] |
| BHK-21 | CC50 |
25 μM
Compound: 105
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Cytotoxicity against BHK21 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 16 hrs by CCK-8 assay
Cytotoxicity against BHK21 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 16 hrs by CCK-8 assay
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[PMID: 28689975] |
| Caco-2 | IC50 |
221 μM
Compound: Nitazoxanide
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Antiprolferative activity against human Caco2 cells assessed as inhibition of cell proliferation by measuring [3H]-thymidine incorporation incubated for 48 hrs by liquid scintillometry
Antiprolferative activity against human Caco2 cells assessed as inhibition of cell proliferation by measuring [3H]-thymidine incorporation incubated for 48 hrs by liquid scintillometry
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[PMID: 28601526] |
| Caco-2 | IC50 |
26.8 μM
Compound: NTZ
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Antiproliferative activity against human Caco-2 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition measured after 48 hrs by MTT assay
Antiproliferative activity against human Caco-2 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition measured after 48 hrs by MTT assay
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[PMID: 34055214] |
| HCT-116 | IC50 |
11.2 μM
Compound: 28; NTZ
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Cytotoxicity against human HCT-116 cells measured after 48 hrs by MTT colorimetric assay
Cytotoxicity against human HCT-116 cells measured after 48 hrs by MTT colorimetric assay
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[PMID: 38142509] |
| HCT-8 | EC50 |
>25 μM
Compound: Nitazoxanide
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Cytotoxicity against human HCT8 cells
Cytotoxicity against human HCT8 cells
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[PMID: 29469575] |
| HCT-8 | IC50 |
3.25 μM
Compound: Nitazoxanide, 1
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Antiparasitic activity against Cryptosporidium parvum in HCT8 cells
Antiparasitic activity against Cryptosporidium parvum in HCT8 cells
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[PMID: 16480281] |
| HCT-8 | IC50 |
3.8 μM
Compound: NTZ
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Antimicrobial activity against Cryptosporidium parvum infected in human HCT-8 cells
Antimicrobial activity against Cryptosporidium parvum infected in human HCT-8 cells
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[PMID: 18591280] |
| HEK-293T | CC50 |
>40 μM
Compound: Nitazoxanide
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Cytotoxicity against human HEK293T cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 72 hrs by CellTiter-Glo reagent based luminescence assay
Cytotoxicity against human HEK293T cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 72 hrs by CellTiter-Glo reagent based luminescence assay
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[PMID: 29469575] |
| HeLa | IC50 |
35 μM
Compound: NTZ
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Antiproliferative activity against human HeLa cells assessed as cell growth inhibition measured after 48 hrs by MTT assay
Antiproliferative activity against human HeLa cells assessed as cell growth inhibition measured after 48 hrs by MTT assay
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[PMID: 34055214] |
| HeLa | IC50 |
35 μM
Compound: NTZ
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Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells assessed as inhibition of cell viability measured after 48 hrs by MTT assay
Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells assessed as inhibition of cell viability measured after 48 hrs by MTT assay
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[PMID: 34055214] |
| HepG2 | CC50 |
>40 μM
Compound: Nitazoxanide
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Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 72 hrs by CellTiter-Glo reagent based luminescence assay
Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 72 hrs by CellTiter-Glo reagent based luminescence assay
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[PMID: 29469575] |
| HepG2 2.2.15 | CC50 |
>100 μM
Compound: 1, NTZ
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Cytotoxicity against human HepG2(2.2.15) cells after 24 hrs by neutral red dye uptake assay
Cytotoxicity against human HepG2(2.2.15) cells after 24 hrs by neutral red dye uptake assay
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[PMID: 21553812] |
| HepG2 2.2.15 | EC50 |
0.12 μM
Compound: 1, NTZ
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Antiviral activity against Hepatitis B virus infected in human HepG2(2.2.15) cells assessed as decrease in extracellular viral DNA measured 24 hrs after last dose
Antiviral activity against Hepatitis B virus infected in human HepG2(2.2.15) cells assessed as decrease in extracellular viral DNA measured 24 hrs after last dose
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[PMID: 21553812] |
| HepG2 2.2.15 | EC50 |
0.59 μM
Compound: 1, NTZ
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Antiviral activity against Hepatitis B virus infected in human HepG2(2.2.15) cells assessed as decrease in intracellular viral DNA measured 24 hrs after last dose
Antiviral activity against Hepatitis B virus infected in human HepG2(2.2.15) cells assessed as decrease in intracellular viral DNA measured 24 hrs after last dose
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[PMID: 21553812] |
| HL-60 | IC50 |
20.1 μM
Compound: NTZ
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Antiproliferative activity against human HL60 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition measured after 48 hrs by MTT assay
Antiproliferative activity against human HL60 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition measured after 48 hrs by MTT assay
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[PMID: 34055214] |
| HT-29 | IC50 |
>50 μM
Compound: NTZ
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Antiproliferative activity against human HT29 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition measured after 48 hrs by MTT assay
Antiproliferative activity against human HT29 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition measured after 48 hrs by MTT assay
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[PMID: 34055214] |
| Huh-7 | CC50 |
49 μM
Compound: 1, NTZ, PH-5776
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Cytotoxicity against human Huh7.5 cells after 3 days by neutral red dye assay
Cytotoxicity against human Huh7.5 cells after 3 days by neutral red dye assay
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[PMID: 22059983] |
| PC-3 | IC50 |
44.7 μM
Compound: NTZ
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Antiproliferative activity against human PC3 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition measured after 48 hrs by MTT assay
Antiproliferative activity against human PC3 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition measured after 48 hrs by MTT assay
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[PMID: 34055214] |
| Peritoneal macrophage | IC50 |
2 mM
Compound: 36, NTZ
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Anti-inflammatory activity against mouse peritoneal macrophages assessed as reduction in LPS induced IL-6 level by ELISA analysis
Anti-inflammatory activity against mouse peritoneal macrophages assessed as reduction in LPS induced IL-6 level by ELISA analysis
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[PMID: 32992245] |
| RAW264.7 | IC50 |
1.54 mM
Compound: 36, NTZ
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Anti-inflammatory activity against mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as reduction in LPS induced IL-6 level by ELISA analysis
Anti-inflammatory activity against mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as reduction in LPS induced IL-6 level by ELISA analysis
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[PMID: 32992245] |
| U2OS | CC50 |
25 μM
Compound: 105
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Cytotoxicity against human U2OS cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 16 hrs by CCK-8 assay
Cytotoxicity against human U2OS cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 16 hrs by CCK-8 assay
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[PMID: 28689975] |
| Vero | CC50 |
833 μM
Compound: NIT, Alinia
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Cytotoxicity against african green monkey Vero cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay
Cytotoxicity against african green monkey Vero cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay
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[PMID: 21397502] |
| Vero | CC50 |
833 μM
Compound: Nitazoxanide
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Cytotoxicity against African green monkey Vero cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay
Cytotoxicity against African green monkey Vero cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay
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[PMID: 25801157] |
| Vero | CC50 |
833 μM
Compound: Nitazoxanide
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Cytotoxicity against African green monkey Vero cells incubated for 24 to 48 hrs by SRB assay
Cytotoxicity against African green monkey Vero cells incubated for 24 to 48 hrs by SRB assay
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[PMID: 28645659] |
| Vero | CC50 |
833 μM
Compound: NTZ
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Cytotoxicity against African green monkey Vero cells assessed as cell viability after 48 hrs by SRB assay
Cytotoxicity against African green monkey Vero cells assessed as cell viability after 48 hrs by SRB assay
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[PMID: 24529307] |
| Vero | IC50 |
10.74 μM
Compound: NTZ
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Cytotoxicity against african green monkey Vero cells assessed as cell viability after 48 hrs by WST-1 assay
Cytotoxicity against african green monkey Vero cells assessed as cell viability after 48 hrs by WST-1 assay
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[PMID: 23787289] |
| Vero C1008 | CC50 |
>35.5 μM
Compound: 48
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Cytotoxicity against African green monkey Vero E6 cells by the CCK8 assay
Cytotoxicity against African green monkey Vero E6 cells by the CCK8 assay
|
[PMID: 32845145] |
Giardia lamblia, a flagellated protozoan, is the most common causative agent of persistent diarrhea worldwide[1].
Nitazoxanide exhibits effect on G. lamblia trophozoite proliferation in axenic culture with an IC50 of 2.4 μM[1].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Cell Line:Human cancer colon Caco2 cells were incubated with increasing numbers of Giardia lamblia trophozoites (103 to 106 parasites per well)
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Concentration:30 μM
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Incubation Time:24 hours
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Result:70 to 90% of the trophozoites remained attached to the Caco2 cells for a period of 24 to 48 h in the absence of Nitazoxanide and at an initial inoculum density of 105 parasites per well.
The number of parasites still attached to Caco2 cells after 24 h decreased to less than 20% of the control value in the presence of 30 μM Nitazoxanide with an inoculum density of 105 trophozoites.
Nitazoxanide (50, 75 or 100 mg/kg/day; administered daily by intragastric for up to 25 days) reduces the mortality of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) strain-infected mice and protected mice from a lethal dose challenge of JEV[2].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Animal Model:Three-week old female Chinese Kunming mice (12–14 g body weight) were infected intraperitoneally with JEV[2]
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Dosage:50, 75 or 100 mg/kg/day
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Administration:Administered intragastrically by gavage
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Result:50 mg/kg/day, 75 mg/kg/day and 100 mg/kg/day led to 30%, 70% and 90% mice survival, respectively.
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 55981-09-4
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 307.28
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Formula C12H9N3O5S
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Color Light yellow to yellow
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SMILES
O=C(NC1=NC=C([N+]([O-])=O)S1)C2=CC=CC=C2OC(C)=O
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Synonyms
NTZ; NSC 697855
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 2 years -20°C 1 year
Publications (15)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Autophagy
Trans-Golgi network-associated noncanonical autophagy depends on the V-ATPase-ATG16L1 axis and mediates IL1B secretion. [Abstract]2025 Dec 8. PMID: 41361996
Nitazoxanide purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Autophagy. 2025 Dec 8. [Abstract]
Nitazoxanide (NTZ) (10 μM; 6 h) could induce significant colocalization of LC3 and TGOLN2 in RB1CC1−/−-HeLa cells.
Nitazoxanide purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Autophagy. 2025 Dec 8. [Abstract]
ELISA analysis of IL1B in culture medium supernatant of wt THP-1 cells, RB1CC1 KD-THP-1 cells or ATG16L1−/−-THP-1 cells treated with LPS (1 μg/mL, 2 h), followed by treatment with nigericin (NIG, 10 μM), AMDE-1 (10 μM), HCP (20 μM), SFG (20 μM), and Nitazoxanide (NTZ) (20 μM) for 4 h.
Nitazoxanide purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Autophagy. 2025 Dec 8. [Abstract]
Immunoblot analysis of LC3 in rb1cc1−/−-MEF cells treated with 10 μM of AMDE-1, HCP, SFG, and Nitazoxanide (NTZ) with or without brefeldin a (BFA, 20 μM) or golgicide a (GCA, 20 μM) for 6 h.
Nitazoxanide purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Autophagy. 2025 Dec 8. [Abstract]
Transmission electron microscopy analysis of rb1cc1−/−-MEF cells treated with 10 μM of AMDE-1, HCP, SFG, and Nitazoxanide (NTZ) for 1 h and 6 h. Scale bar: 500 nm.
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Cell Rep Med
2024 Dec 30:101890. PMID: 39793570 -
Pharmacol Res
2024 May 9:204:107208. PMID: 38729587 -
Cell Death Dis
Nitazoxanide, an antiprotozoal drug, inhibits late-stage autophagy and promotes ING1-induced cell cycle arrest in glioblastoma. [Abstract]2018 Oct 9;9(10):1032. PMID: 30302016
Nitazoxanide purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Death Dis. 2018 Oct 9;9(10):1032. [Abstract]
Western blot showing the cell cycle and autophagy-related proteins after 48 h of treatment with 200 μM Nitazoxanide (NTZ) and/or 500 nM Torin 1 or 30 mM Chloroquine (CQ).
Nitazoxanide purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Death Dis. 2018 Oct 9;9(10):1032. [Abstract]
Western blot showing SQSTM1 and LC3 levels in LN229 cells after treatment with 200 μM Nitazoxanide (NTZ) and 200 nM Bafilomycin A1 (BAF) for 48 h.
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BMC Med
Nitazoxanide inhibits acetylated KLF5-induced bone metastasis by modulating KLF5 function in prostate cancer. [Abstract]2023 Feb 21;21(1):68. PMID: 36810084 -
ACS Environ Au
Machine Learning-Assisted Recognition of Environmental Sulfur-Containing Chemicals in Nontargeted Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Inadequate Mass Resolution. [Abstract]2025 Aug 5;5(6):573-582. PMID: 41277996 -
Anal Chem
Exposome-Scale Investigation of Cl-/Br-Containing Chemicals Using High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry, Multistage Machine Learning, and Cloud Computing. [Abstract]2025 Jun 3;97(21):11099-11109. PMID: 40401576 -
Biochem Pharmacol
Nitazoxanide impairs mitophagy flux through ROS-mediated mitophagy initiation and lysosomal dysfunction in bladder cancer. [Abstract]2021 Aug:190:114588. PMID: 33957094 -
Chem Biol Interact
2024 Jul 30:400:111176. PMID: 39084502 -
Biomolecules
Repurposing Nitazoxanide for Potential Treatment of Rare Disease Lymphangioleiomyomatosis. [Abstract]2024 Sep 30;14(10):1236. PMID: 39456169 -
mBio
Regulation of the WNT-CTNNB1 signaling pathway by severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus in a cap-snatching manner. [Abstract]2023 Dec 19;14(6):e0168823. PMID: 37882780 -
Antimicrob Agents Chemother
Heterologous Expression of ethA and katG in Mycobacterium marinum Enables the Rapid Identification of New Prodrugs Active against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. [Abstract]2021 Mar 18;65(4):e01445-20. PMID: 33495223 -
iScience
ISG12a promotes immunotherapy of HBV-associated hepatocellular carcinoma through blocking TRIM21/AKT/β-catenin/PD-L1 axis. [Abstract]2024 Mar 19;27(4):109533. PMID: 38591006 -
Microbiol Spectr
Antiparasitic nitazoxanide potentiates colistin against colistin-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii and Escherichia coli in vitro and in vivo. [Abstract]2024 Jan 11;12(1):e0229523. PMID: 38032179 -
Solvent & Solubility
DMSO : ≥ 100 mg/mL (325.44 mM; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
* "≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 3.25 mg/mL (10.58 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 3.25 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (32.5 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
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%DMSO +
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
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%+
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+%Tween-80 + +
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%Saline +
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO. Stock solution concentration: mg/mL.
1. Take μL DMSO stock solution;
2. Add μL .
μL , mix evenly;
3. Then add μL Tween 80, mix evenly;
4. Then add μL
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (281 KB)
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SDS (393 KB)
- English - EN (393 KB)
- Français - FR (393 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (393 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (393 KB)
- Español - ES (393 KB)
- Swedish - SV (393 KB)
- Italian - IT (393 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (393 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Rossignol JF, et al. Thiazolides, a new class of anti-influenza molecules targeting viral hemagglutinin at the post-translational level. J Biol Chem. 2009 Oct 23;284(43):29798-808. [Content Brief]
[2]. Zixue Shi, et al. Nitazoxanide inhibits the replication of Japanese encephalitis virus in cultured cells and in a mouse model. Virol J. 2014 Jan 23;11:10. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DMSO | 1 mM | 3.2544 mL | 16.2718 mL | 32.5436 mL | 81.3590 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.6509 mL | 3.2544 mL | 6.5087 mL | 16.2718 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3254 mL | 1.6272 mL | 3.2544 mL | 8.1359 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.2170 mL | 1.0848 mL | 2.1696 mL | 5.4239 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.1627 mL | 0.8136 mL | 1.6272 mL | 4.0680 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.1302 mL | 0.6509 mL | 1.3017 mL | 3.2544 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.1085 mL | 0.5424 mL | 1.0848 mL | 2.7120 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.0814 mL | 0.4068 mL | 0.8136 mL | 2.0340 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.0651 mL | 0.3254 mL | 0.6509 mL | 1.6272 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.0542 mL | 0.2712 mL | 0.5424 mL | 1.3560 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0407 mL | 0.2034 mL | 0.4068 mL | 1.0170 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0325 mL | 0.1627 mL | 0.3254 mL | 0.8136 mL |