Cat. No.: HY-N4202

Dihydrorotenone

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Dihydrorotenone is an insecticide and irreversible inhibitor of mitochondrial complex I. Dihydrorotenone may induce Parkinson's disease. Dihydrorotenone induces apoptosis in human plasma cells by triggering endoplasmic reticulum stress and activating the p38 signaling pathway. The oral LD₅₀ of dihydrorotenone in rats is approximately 2.5 g/kg. Dihydrorotenone exhibits insecticide activity and cytotoxicity to plasma cells. Dihydrorotenone can be used to establish animal models of Parkinson's disease, safety assessment of natural pesticides, and potential cancer chemoprevention studies.

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Pureté: 99.66%
CAS No.: 6659-45-6
Formule: C₂₃H₂₄O₆
Masse moléculaire:396.43

Stockage:

4°C, protect from light

* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)

Dihydrorotenone Chemical Structure

CAS No.: 6659-45-6

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Activité biologique
- Description
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Chemical Information
Solvant et solubilité
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Pureté et documentation
Références
Help & FAQs
Classifications
Bioz

Activité biologique

Description

Voir tous les produits spécifiques à Isoform p38 MAPK :

In Vitro

Dihydrorotenone (20 μM; 24 h) induces apoptosis in human plasma cell lines LP1, OPM2, KMS11 and U266 in a concentration-dependent manner, activates caspase-3, -8, -9 and downregulates anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2 and Mcl-1^[1].
Dihydrorotenone (10 μM; 0.5 h or 24 h) causes mitochondrial membrane potential collapse in LP1 cells, and mitochondrial damage precedes apoptosis^[1].
Dihydrorotenone (40 μM; 24 h) induces endoplasmic reticulum stress in LP1 and OPM2 cells, upregulates GRP78, ATF4, CHOP and caspase-12, and activates the p38 MAPK signaling pathway^[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Apoptosis Analysis^[1]

Cell Line:

LP1, OPM2, KMS11, U266
Concentration:

0, 5, 15, 30 μM
Incubation Time:

24 h
Result:

Increased Annexin V-FITC/PI-positive apoptotic cells in a concentration-dependent manner. For example, in LP1 cells, apoptotic rates rose from 6.63% (control) to 40.09% (30 μM). Caspase-3, -8, and -9 cleavage was induced, and pan-caspase inhibitor z-VAD-fmk partially blocked apoptosis.

In Vivo

Dihydrorotenone ¹³C-labeled mitochondrial complex I can be used to label rat brain sections and in vivo, but incorporation is much lower in animals intoxicated with Rotenone (HY-B1756)^[2].
Dihydrorotenone (0.001-0.032% diet; oral; for approximately 400 days) causes dose-dependent growth retardation in female albino rats (weaning period), loss of hepatocyte basophilia and granular dispersion at concentrations of 0.004% and above, and no significant histological changes at concentrations of 0.001-0.002%^[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model:

Female albino rats with chronic dietary toxicity model^[3]
Dosage:

0.001-0.032% DHR in diet (control diet: casein 10%, cornmeal 73%, etc.)
Administration:

Continuous oral ingestion via diet, approximately 400 days
Result:

0.001-0.002% DHR: No significant growth or histological changes.
0.004-0.016% DHR: Growth retardation evident from day 70, with progressive loss of hepatic cell basophilia and dispersed cytoplasmic granules.
0.032% DHR: Immediate growth inhibition, severe hepatic cytological changes, and only 3/5 rats survived.

Chemical Information

CAS No. 6659-45-6
Appearance Solid
Masse moléculaire 396.43
Formule C₂₃H₂₄O₆
Color White to off-white
SMILES

O=C1[C@]2([H])[C@](COC3=CC(OC)=C(OC)C=C32)([H])OC4=C5C(O[C@@H](C(C)C)C5)=CC=C14
Structure Classification
- Flavonoids
- Isoflavanones
Initial Source
Livraison

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Stockage

4°C, protect from light

* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)

Solvant et solubilité

In Vitro:

DMSO : 25 mg/mL (63.06 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Preparing Stock Solutions

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Concentration Solvent Mass

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

Concentration

Solvent

Mass

1 mM

2.5225 mL

12.6126 mL

25.2251 mL

5 mM

0.5045 mL

2.5225 mL

5.0450 mL

10 mM

0.2523 mL

1.2613 mL

2.5225 mL

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Calculateur de molarité

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass Mass

Concentration Concentration

Volume Volume

Molecular Weight Molecular Weight

Calculateur de dilution

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

Concentration _(start) Concentration _(start)

Volume _(start) Volume _(start)

Concentration _(final) Concentration _(final)

Volume _(final) Volume _(final)

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

Stock Solution Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.31 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage Dosage
mg/kg
Animal Weight (Per Animal) Animal Weight (Per Animal)
g
Dosing Volume (Per Animal) Dosing Volume (Per Animal)
μL
Number of Animals Number of Animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Please enter your animal formula composition:

%
DMSO +

Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
%
+
+
%
Tween-80 + +
%
Saline +

The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).

Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL

Pureté et documentation

Select Batch:

Pureté: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Fiche technique (278 KB)
SDS (643 KB)
- English - EN (643 KB)
- Français - FR (643 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (643 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (643 KB)
- Español - ES (643 KB)
- Swedish - SV (643 KB)
- Italian - IT (643 KB)
- Korean - KR (643 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (643 KB)
COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Instruction de manipulation (2659 KB)

Références

[1]. Zhang J, et al. The natural pesticide dihydrorotenone induces human plasma cell apoptosis by triggering endoplasmic reticulum stress and activating p38 signaling pathway. PLoS One. 2013 Jul 26;8(7):e69911. [Content Brief]

[2]. Caboni P, et al. Rotenone, deguelin, their metabolites, and the rat model of Parkinson's disease. Chem Res Toxicol. 2004 Nov;17(11):1540-8. [Content Brief]

[3]. AMBROSE AM, et al. Toxicological and pharmacological studies on dihydrorotenone. J Am Pharm Assoc Am Pharm Assoc. 1953 Jun;42(6):364-6. [Content Brief]

[4]. Kim K J, et al. Inhibitory Effects of 1', 2'-Dihydrorotenone on Osteoclast Differentiation and Bone Resorption In Vitro and In Vivo. 해부· 생물인류학, 2011, 24(3): 165-174.

Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg
DMSO	1 mM	2.5225 mL	12.6126 mL	25.2251 mL	63.0628 mL
	5 mM	0.5045 mL	2.5225 mL	5.0450 mL	12.6126 mL
	10 mM	0.2523 mL	1.2613 mL	2.5225 mL	6.3063 mL
	15 mM	0.1682 mL	0.8408 mL	1.6817 mL	4.2042 mL
	20 mM	0.1261 mL	0.6306 mL	1.2613 mL	3.1531 mL
	25 mM	0.1009 mL	0.5045 mL	1.0090 mL	2.5225 mL
	30 mM	0.0841 mL	0.4204 mL	0.8408 mL	2.1021 mL
	40 mM	0.0631 mL	0.3153 mL	0.6306 mL	1.5766 mL
	50 mM	0.0505 mL	0.2523 mL	0.5045 mL	1.2613 mL
	60 mM	0.0420 mL	0.2102 mL	0.4204 mL	1.0510 mL

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Dihydrorotenone

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Voir tous les produits spécifiques à Isoform p38 MAPK

Activité biologique

Chemical Information

Solvant et solubilité

Pureté et documentation

Références

Help & FAQs

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Dihydrorotenone Related Classifications

HY-N4202 Related Classifications