Cat. No.: HY-B0410A

Pramipexole dihydrochloride hydrate

14 Cited Publications

Customer Review

Based on 14 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Pramipexole dihydrochloride hydrate is a selective and blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetrant dopamine D2-type receptor agonist, with K_is of 2.2 nM, 3.9 nM, 0.5 nM and 1.3 nM for D2-type receptor, D₂, D₃ and D₄ receptors, respectively. Pramipexole dihydrochloride hydrate can be used for the research of Parkinson's disease (PD) and restless legs syndrome (RLS).

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Purity: 98.0%
CAS No.: 191217-81-9
Formula: C₁₀H₂₁Cl₂N₃OS
Molecular Weight:302.27

Storage:

Store at room temperature, keep dry and cool.

In solvent -80°C, 1 year , -20°C, 6 months

Pramipexole dihydrochloride hydrate Chemical Structure

CAS No.: 191217-81-9

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Strong Fluorescence Signal / Multi-Disciplinary Applications / High Fluorescence Specificity

Biological Activity
- Description
- IC₅₀ & Target
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
- Clinical Trial
Chemical Information
Publications (14)
Solvent & Solubility
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Purity & Documentation
References
Help & FAQs
Classifications
Bioz

Biological Activity

Description

IC₅₀ & Target^[1]

D₂ Receptor

3.9 nM (Ki)

D₃ Receptor

0.5 nM (Ki)

D₄ Receptor

1.3 nM (Ki)

All Dopamine Receptor Isoforms :

In Vitro

Pramipexole dihydrochloride hydrate shows a low binding affinity for D1-type receptor, with an IC₅₀ of >50,000 nM^[1].
Pramipexole dihydrochloride hydrate (0.01-10 μM; 72 hours) produces dose-dependent increases of dendritic arborization and soma size^[3].
Pramipexole dihydrochloride hydrate attenuates levodopa-induced toxicity in mesencephalic cultures^[4].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

In Vivo

Pramipexole dihydrochloride hydrate (0.25-1 mg/kg; i.p.) significantly reduces the infarction volume in animals^[5].
Pramipexole dihydrochloride hydrate improves neurological recovery^[5].
Pramipexole dihydrochloride hydrate prevents ischemic cell death via mitochondrial pathways in ischemic stroke^[5].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model:

Male Wistar rats weighing 250-300 g (16-18 weeks old)^[5]
Dosage:

0.25 mg/kg, 1 mg/kg
Administration:

Intraperitoneal injection
Result:

Decreased infarction volume as compared to tMCAO (transient middle cerebral artery occlusion)-only animals.

Clinical Trial

NCT Number	Sponsor	Condition	Start Date	Phase A549
NCT01329991	Plexxikon\|		2011-05	PHASE1

Chemical Information

CAS No. 191217-81-9
Appearance Solid
Molecular Weight 302.27
Formula C₁₀H₂₁Cl₂N₃OS
Color White to off-white
SMILES

[H]Cl.NC1=NC(CC[C@H](NCCC)C2)=C2S1.[H]Cl.O
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

Store at room temperature, keep dry and cool

In solvent	-80°C	1 year
	-20°C	6 months

Publications (14)

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Journal Impact Factor

Nat Commun

Targeting dopamine transporter for treating social transmission of depression-like behaviors in male mice. [Abstract]

2026 Jun 16. PMID: 42303982
Phytomedicine

Valproic acid promotes transcriptional activation of Drd2 by mediating histone acetylation to inhibit the mTOR-Pttg1 signaling axis and exerts anti-PitNETs activity. [Abstract]

2025 Jun:141:156707. PMID: 40220407
Mol Psychiatry

A co-culture model of dopaminergic and glutamatergic neurons derived from patients with idiopathic schizophrenia reveals a hypodopaminergic phenotype. [Abstract]

2025 Dec 12. PMID: 41388144
ACS Environ Au

Machine Learning-Assisted Recognition of Environmental Sulfur-Containing Chemicals in Nontargeted Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Inadequate Mass Resolution. [Abstract]

2025 Aug 5;5(6):573-582. PMID: 41277996
Anal Chem

Exposome-Scale Investigation of Cl-/Br-Containing Chemicals Using High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry, Multistage Machine Learning, and Cloud Computing. [Abstract]

2025 Jun 3;97(21):11099-11109. PMID: 40401576
J Affect Disord

Pramipexole improves depression-like behavior in diabetes mellitus with depression rats by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated neuroinflammation and preventing impaired neuroplasticity. [Abstract]

2024 Jul 1:356:586-596. PMID: 38657764
Neurochem Int

Pramipexole attenuates neuronal injury in Parkinson's disease by targeting miR-96 to activate BNIP3-mediated mitophagy. [Abstract]

2021 Jun:146:104972. PMID: 33493581
Sci Rep

Pramipexole alleviates ferroptosis in HT22 cells induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation via the Nrf2/SLC7A11/GPX4 pathway. [Abstract]

2026 Feb 26;16(1):11134. PMID: 41741591
Exp Neurol

Pramipexole improves cognitive deficits and synaptic plasticity impairments in 3xTg-AD mice through enhancing autophagy. [Abstract]

2025 Oct 13:395:115503. PMID: 41093093
Prog Neurobiol

A mouse model of sleep disorders in Parkinson's disease showing distinct effects of dopamine D2-like receptor activation. [Abstract]

2023 Dec:231:102536. PMID: 37805096
PeerJ

Pramipexole has a neuroprotective effect in spinal cord injury and upregulates D2 receptor expression in the injured spinal cord tissue in rats. [Abstract]

2023 Sep 11:11:e16039. PMID: 37719118
J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis

Dopamine receptor agonist pramipexole exerts neuroprotection on global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by inhibiting ferroptosis. [Abstract]

2025 Jan;34(1):108101. PMID: 39490461
J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis

Effects of different doses of dopamine receptor agonist pramipexole on neurobehaviors and changes of mitochondrial membrane potentials in rats with global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. [Abstract]

2023 Jul;32(7):107142. PMID: 37105127
Narra J

Thymoquinone and madecassoside improve motor function in a rotenone-induced mouse model of early Parkinson's disease: Role of dopamine, alpha-synuclein and mBDNF. [Abstract]

2025 Aug;5(2):e2439. PMID: 40951472

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

H₂O : 100 mg/mL (330.83 mM; Need ultrasonic)

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Preparing Stock Solutions

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Concentration Solvent Mass

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

Concentration

Solvent

Mass

1 mM

3.3083 mL

16.5414 mL

33.0829 mL

5 mM

0.6617 mL

3.3083 mL

6.6166 mL

10 mM

0.3308 mL

1.6541 mL

3.3083 mL

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

Molarity Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

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Volume Volume

Molecular Weight Molecular Weight

Dilution Calculator

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

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In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

Stock Solution Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline

Solubility: ≥ 2 mg/mL (6.62 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

Solubility: ≥ 2 mg/mL (6.62 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

Protocol 3

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil

Solubility: ≥ 2 mg/mL (6.62 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly:

It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.

The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: PBS

Solubility: 100 mg/mL (330.83 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage Dosage
mg/kg
Animal Weight (Per Animal) Animal Weight (Per Animal)
g
Dosing Volume (Per Animal) Dosing Volume (Per Animal)
μL
Number of Animals Number of Animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL

This product has good water solubility, please refer to the measured solubility data in water/PBS/Saline for details.

The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only.If necessary, please contact

MedChemExpress (MCE) .

Purity & Documentation

Select Batch:

Purity: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Data Sheet (275 KB)
SDS (394 KB)
- English - EN (394 KB)
- Français - FR (394 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (394 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (394 KB)
- Español - ES (394 KB)
- Swedish - SV (394 KB)
- Italian - IT (394 KB)
- Korean - KR (394 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (394 KB)
COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Kvernmo, T., et al. A review of the receptor-binding and pharmacokinetic properties of dopamine agonists. Clin Ther, 2006. 28(8): p. 1065-78. [Content Brief]

[2]. Takashi Okura, et al. Blood-brain barrier transport of pramipexole, a dopamine D2 agonist. Life Sci. 2007 Apr 3;80(17):1564-71. [Content Brief]

[3]. Ginetta Collo, et al. Ropinirole and Pramipexole Promote Structural Plasticity in Human iPSC-Derived Dopaminergic Neurons via BDNF and mTOR Signaling. Neural Plast. 2018; 2018: 4196961. [Content Brief]

[4]. P M Carvey, et al. Attenuation of levodopa-induced toxicity in mesencephalic cultures by pramipexole. J Neural Transm (Vienna). 1997;104(2-3):209-28. [Content Brief]

[5]. Syed Suhail Andrabi, et al. Pramipexole prevents ischemic cell death via mitochondrial pathways in ischemic stroke. Dis Model Mech. 2019 Aug 1; 12(8): dmm033860. [Content Brief]

Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg
H₂O	1 mM	3.3083 mL	16.5414 mL	33.0829 mL	82.7072 mL
	5 mM	0.6617 mL	3.3083 mL	6.6166 mL	16.5414 mL
	10 mM	0.3308 mL	1.6541 mL	3.3083 mL	8.2707 mL
	15 mM	0.2206 mL	1.1028 mL	2.2055 mL	5.5138 mL
	20 mM	0.1654 mL	0.8271 mL	1.6541 mL	4.1354 mL
	25 mM	0.1323 mL	0.6617 mL	1.3233 mL	3.3083 mL
	30 mM	0.1103 mL	0.5514 mL	1.1028 mL	2.7569 mL
	40 mM	0.0827 mL	0.4135 mL	0.8271 mL	2.0677 mL
	50 mM	0.0662 mL	0.3308 mL	0.6617 mL	1.6541 mL
	60 mM	0.0551 mL	0.2757 mL	0.5514 mL	1.3785 mL
	80 mM	0.0414 mL	0.2068 mL	0.4135 mL	1.0338 mL
	100 mM	0.0331 mL	0.1654 mL	0.3308 mL	0.8271 mL

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

Pramipexole dihydrochloride hydrate

14 Cited Publications

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Pramipexole dihydrochloride hydrate

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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Pramipexole dihydrochloride hydrate

All Dopamine Receptor Isoforms

Biological Activity

Chemical Information

Publications (14)

Solvent & Solubility

Purity & Documentation

References

Help & FAQs

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Pramipexole dihydrochloride hydrate Related Classifications

HY-B0410A Related Classifications