Saringosterol
Saringosterol is an orally active steroid found in Sargassum muticum. Saringosterol is a LXR agonist. Saringosterol can lower cholesterol levels and inhibit the mRNA and protein expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and CCAAT enhancer-binding protein α (C/EBPα). Saringosterol has anti-obesity, anti-atherosclerosis, anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis and anti-depressant activities.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- CAS No.: 6901-60-6
- Formula: C29H48O2
- Molecular Weight:428.69
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Storage:Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 6 months , -20°C, 1 month
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Help & FAQs
Biological Activity
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PPARγ |
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Cell Line
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Type | Value | Description | References |
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| J774 | IC50 |
>233.3 μM
Compound: 14
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Cytotoxicity against mouse J774 cells by alamar blue assay
Cytotoxicity against mouse J774 cells by alamar blue assay
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[PMID: 17637068] |
| Vero | IC50 |
>128 μg/mL
Compound: Saringosterol
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Cytotoxicity against african green monkey Vero cells by celltiter 96 aqueous nonradioactive assay
Cytotoxicity against african green monkey Vero cells by celltiter 96 aqueous nonradioactive assay
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[PMID: 11720535] |
Saringosterol (12.5-200 μM; 24 h) does not reduce the viability of 3T3-L1 cells[1].
Saringosterol (50-200 μM; 8 days) dose-dependently inhibits lipid and triglyceride accumulation in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, with 200 μM reducing accumulation to 26.6% of control differentiated cells[1].
Saringosterol (50-200 μM; 24 h) dose-dependently increases glycerol release from 3T3-L1 adipocytes, with 200 μM inducing a statistically significant elevation[1].
Saringosterol (100-200 μM; 8 days) significantly reduces mRNA and protein expression of PPARγ and C/EBPα in 3T3-L1 cells[1].
Saringosterol (100-200 μM; 8 days) significantly reduces mRNA expression of adipogenic marker genes (aP2, adiponectin, resistin, and FAS) in 3T3-L1 cells[1].
Saringosterol (20 μM; 24 h) increases mRNA expression of LXR-regulated cholesterol transport/uptake genes (ABCA1, ABCG1, and IDOL) and reduces cellular cholesterol content in RAW264.7 macrophage-derived foam cells[2].
Saringosterol shows antitubercular activity of MIC of 0.25 μg/mL[3].
Saringosterol exhibits no appreciable toxicity against Vero cells, with an IC50 greater than 128 μg/mL[3].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Cell Line:MDI-induced 3T3-L1 cells
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Concentration:100, 200 μM
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Incubation Time:8 days (from initiation of differentiation)
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Result:Significantly inhibited mRNA expression of PPARγ and C/EBPα, with both concentrations showing statistically significant inhibition.
Significantly inhibited mRNA expression of aP2, adiponectin, resistin, and FAS, with both concentrations showing statistically significant inhibition.
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Cell Line:MDI-induced 3T3-L1 cells
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Concentration:100, 200 μM
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Incubation Time:8 days (from initiation of differentiation)
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Result:Significantly inhibited protein expression of PPARγ and C/EBPα, with both concentrations showing statistically significant inhibition.
Saringosterol (10-30 mg/kg; i.p., single dose 30 min before testing; 30 mg/kg; p.o., daily for 7 days) produces significant dose-dependent antidepressant-like effects in mouse behavioral despair models[4].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Animal Model:ApoE−/− mice with a high-fat die with (8-week-old)[2]
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Dosage:50 mg/kg
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Administration:p.o.; daily; 2 weeks
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Result:Reduced atherosclerotic plaque burden, with en face aortic plaque area (percentage of total aortic area) and aortic root cross-sectional plaque area significantly lower than control mice.
Significantly decreased serum total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglyceride levels; significantly increased serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels.
No significant change in liver total cholesterol levels; significantly reduced liver triglyceride levels compared to control mice.
Attenuated hepatic steatosis, with reduced liver weight and liver weight-to-body weight ratio compared to control mice; no upregulation of hepatic lipogenic genes (SREBP-1c, ACC, FASN, SCD1, chREBP).
Upregulated mRNA levels of cholesterol efflux transporters ABCA1 and ABCG1, and LDLR-degrading protein IDOL in peritoneal macrophages.
Upregulated hepatic mRNA levels of cholesterol catabolism enzyme CYP7A1, cholesterol efflux transporters ABCG5 and ABCG8, and HDL-cholesterol influx receptor SR-B1.
Downregulated intestinal mRNA levels of cholesterol absorption transporter NPC1L1; upregulated intestinal mRNA levels of cholesterol efflux transporters ABCG5, ABCG8, and ABCA1.
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Animal Model:ICR (male, 20-22 g)[4]
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Dosage:10 mg/kg; 20 mg/kg; 30 mg/kg (single dose; behavioral tests); 30 mg/kg (neurotransmitter analysis)
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Administration:i.p (10-30 mg/kg); p.o.; daily for 7 days (30 mg/kg)
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Result:Reduced immobility time in forced swim test and tail suspension test.
Did not significantly alter locomotor activity in open-field test at all tested doses.
Increased brain serotonin (5-HT) levels, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) levels and noradrenaline (NE) levels.
Showed no significant effect on brain dopamine (DA) levels.
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 6901-60-6
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 428.69
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Formula C29H48O2
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Color White to off-white
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SMILES
C[C@@]12[C@](CC[C@]2([H])[C@H](C)CCC(C=C)(O)C(C)C)([H])[C@@]3([H])[C@@](CC1)([H])[C@@]4(C(C[C@H](CC4)O)=CC3)C
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Structure Classification
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Initial Source
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (279 KB)
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SDS (251 KB)
- English - EN (251 KB)
- Français - FR (251 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (251 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (251 KB)
- Español - ES (251 KB)
- Swedish - SV (251 KB)
- Italian - IT (251 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (251 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Lee JA, et al. Anti-Obesity Activity of Saringosterol Isolated from Sargassum muticum (Yendo) Fensholt Extract in 3T3-L1 Cells. Phytother Res. 2017 Nov;31(11):1694-1701. [Content Brief]
[2]. Yan Y, et al. Saringosterol from Sargassum fusiforme Modulates Cholesterol Metabolism and Alleviates Atherosclerosis in ApoE-Deficient Mice. Mar Drugs. 2021 Aug 26;19(9):485. [Content Brief]
[3]. Wächter GA, et al. Inhibition of Mycobacterium tuberculosis growth by saringosterol from Lessonia nigrescens. J Nat Prod. 2001;64(11):1463-1464. [Content Brief]
Calculators
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
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