2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Membrane Transporter/Ion Channel
    Neuronal Signaling
  4. iGluR

iGluR

Ionotropic glutamate receptors

iGluR

Related Products

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iGluR (ionotropic glutamate receptor) is a ligand-gated ion channel that is activated by the neurotransmitter glutamate. iGluR are integral membrane proteins compose of four large subunits that form a central ion channel pore. Sequence similarity among all known glutamate receptor subunits, including the AMPA, kainate, NMDA, and δ receptors.

AMPA receptors are the main charge carriers during basal transmission, permitting influx of sodium ions to depolarise the postsynaptic membrane. NMDA receptors are blocked by magnesium ions and therefore only permit ion flux following prior depolarisation. This enables them to act as coincidence detectors for synaptic plasticity. Calcium influx through NMDA receptors leads to persistent modifications in the strength of synaptic transmission.

iGluR Isoform Specific Products:

iGluR Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-B0122SS1
    Topiramate-13C6-1
    		Antagonist
    Topiramate-13C6-1 (McN 4853-13C6-1; RWJ 17021-13C6-1) is 13C-labeled Topiramate (HY-B0122).
    Topiramate-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>6</sub>-1
  • HY-100811R
    7-Chlorokynurenic acid (Standard)
    		Antagonist
    7-Chlorokynurenic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of 7-Chlorokynurenic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 7-Chlorokynurenic acid (7-CKA) is a potent and selective antagonist of the glycine B coagonist site of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor (IC50=0.56 μM). 7-Chlorokynurenic acid is also a potent inhibitor of the reuptake of glutamate into synaptic vesicles with a Ki of 0.59 μM. 7-Chlorokynurenic acid has potent antinociceptive actions after neuraxial delivery.
    7-Chlorokynurenic acid (Standard)
  • HY-W051199
    O-Phosphono-L-homoserine
    		Antagonist
    O-Phosphono-L-homoserine (o-Phosphohomoserine) is an intermediate in threonine synthesis in bacteria and plants, and can also be hijacked by MetM in some Streptomyces species to enter a novel methionine synthesis pathway. O-Phosphono-L-homoserine acts as a weak antagonist of the NMDA receptor. O-Phosphono-L-homoserine can be used as a substrate for studies on amino acid metabolism of the aspartate family, a control for mechanism studies of PLP enzymes, and a reference for structure-activity relationship studies of NMDA receptor ligands.
    O-Phosphono-L-homoserine
  • HY-100714R
    DL-AP5 (Standard)
    		Antagonist
    DL-AP5 (Standard) is the analytical standard of DL-AP5. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. DL-AP5 (2-APV) is a competitive NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) receptor antagonist. DL-AP5 shows significantly antinociceptive activity. DL-AP5 specifically blocks on channels in the rabbit retina.
    DL-AP5 (Standard)
  • HY-14608S12
    L-Glutamic acid-14C
    		Agonist
    L-Glutamic acid-14C is L-Glutamic acid (HY-14608) labeled with the radioactive isotope carbon-14. L-Glutamic acid is an excitatory amino acid neurotransmitter and an agonist for all subtypes of glutamate receptors (metabotropic, NMDA, and AMPA). L-Glutamic acid acts as an agonist in the release of DA from dopaminergic nerve terminals and can be used in the study of neurological diseases.
    L-Glutamic acid-14C
  • HY-17001R
    Flupirtine Maleate (Standard)
    		Antagonist
    Flupirtine Maleate (Standard) is the analytical standard of Flupirtine Maleate (HY-17001). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Flupirtine Maleate is an orally active, blood-brain barrier-crossing non-opioid analgesic and neuroprotective agent. Flupirtine Maleate is a neuronal potassium channel opener (Kv7 activator), a NMDA receptor antagonist and a GABA receptor activator. Flupirtine Maleate stabilizes blood-brain-barrier integrity, reduces oxidative stress and brain leukocyte infiltration, enhances angioneurogenesis, suppresses calcium influx, stabilizes neuronal resting membrane potential, and counteracts focal cerebral ischemia. Flupirtine Maleate exhibits analgesic, muscle relaxant properties, protects neurons from excitotoxic, ischemic, or cytokine-mediated death. Flupirtine Maleate functions as a non-opioid analgesic without antipyretic or antiphlogistic properties, shows no relevant affinity to opiate receptor. Flupirtine Maleate can be used for the research of focal cerebral ischemia, pain, Alzheimer’s disease, or multiple sclerosis.
    Flupirtine Maleate (Standard)
  • HY-180866
    GRIN2A modulator-1
    GRIN2A modulator-1 is a GRIN2A modulator.
    GRIN2A modulator-1
  • HY-123904
    UoS12258
    		Activator 99.86%
    UoS12258 is a selective positive allosteric modulator of AMPA receptor. UoS12258 enhances AMPA receptor‐mediated synaptic transmission. UoS12258 improves performance in cognition rat models, including Scopolamine (HY-N0296)‐impaired rats and water maze learning and retention in aged rats.
    UoS12258
  • HY-136299R
    Sepimostat (Standard)
    		Antagonist
    Sepimostat (Standard) is the analytical standard of Sepimostat. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Sepimostat (FUT-187 free base) exhibits neuroprotective activity via NR2B N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonism at the Ifenprodil-binding site of the NR2B subunit. Sepimostat inhibits the Ifenprodil binding with a Ki value of 27.7 μM.
    Sepimostat (Standard)
  • HY-P1391
    ZIP(Scrambled)
    		Control
    ZIP(Scrambled) is a scrambled control peptide for zeta inhibitory peptide (ZIP).
    ZIP(Scrambled)
  • HY-107705
    NMDAR antagonist 4
    		Antagonist
    NMDAR antagonist 4 (Compound 8) is the antagonist for NMDA receptor that binds NMDA receptor on glycine site with Ki >100 μM.
    NMDAR antagonist 4
  • HY-101353
    LY 235959
    		Antagonist
    LY 235959 is a competitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-receptor antagonist. LY 235959 potentiates the anticonvulsant action of antiepileptics.
    LY 235959
  • HY-114550
    LY339434
    		Agonist
    LY339434 is a potent and selective agonist for the hydrochloride receptor GluR5. LY339434 affects the rapid death of neurons through n-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors.
    LY339434
  • HY-106408R
    Nelonemdaz (Standard)
    		Antagonist
    Nelonemdaz (Standard) is the analytical standard of Nelonemdaz (HY-106408). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Nelonemdaz (Salfaprodil free base) is an NR2B-selective and uncompetitive antagonist of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA). Nelonemdaz is also a free radical scavenger. Nelonemdaz has excellent neuroprotection against NMDA- and free radical-induced cell death.
    Nelonemdaz (Standard)
  • HY-100807S1
    Quinolinic acid-13C7
    		Agonist
    Quinolinic acid-13C7 is the 13C labeled Quinolinic acid (HY-100807). Quinolinic acid, an endogenous metabolite of tryptophan, is a N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDA receptor) agonist. Quinolinic acid increases glutamate efflux, induces the generation of ROS, activates nitric oxide synthase, produces excessive NO, leading to calcium ion influx and neuronal apoptosis.
    Quinolinic acid-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>7</sub>
  • HY-183871
    WMS-1410
    		Inhibitor
    WMS-1410 is a selective GluN2B-containing NMDA receptor inhibitor with an IC50 of 18.4 nM. WMS-1410 regulates intracellular calcium levels and protects cells from Apoptosis. WMS-1410 inhibits glutamate-induced excitotoxicity. WMS-1410 reverses NMDA/glycine-induced reduction in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion without altering physiological insulin secretion or baseline redox status, but fails to counteract insulin content loss induced by glucolipotoxicity. WMS-1410 exhibits analgesic activity against advanced neuropathic pain. WMS-1410 can be used in studies related to stroke, brain injury, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, type 2 diabetes, and neuropathic pain.
    WMS-1410
  • HY-103234AR
    GYKI 52466 dihydrochloride (Standard)
    		Antagonist
    GYKI 52466 (dihydrochloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of GYKI 52466 (dihydrochloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. GYKI 52466 dihydrochloride is an orally active, highly selective and noncompetitive AMPA/kainate receptor antagonist with the IC50 values of 7.5 and 11μM, respectively. GYKI 52466 dihydrochloride has good blood brain barrier permeability and anticonvulsant effect. GYKI 52466 dihydrochloride can be used in Parkinson's disease research.
    GYKI 52466 dihydrochloride (Standard)
  • HY-106467BR
    Caroverine hydrochloride (Standard)
    		Antagonist
    Caroverine (hydrochloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Caroverine (hydrochloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Caroverine hydrochloride is a potent, competitive and reversible antagonist of NMDA and AMPA glutamate receptor. Caroverine hydrochloride is also an antioxidant and calcium-blocking agent that exhibits vasorelaxant action. Caroverine hydrochloride can be used for the research of inner ear tinnitus.
    Caroverine hydrochloride (Standard)
  • HY-17550R
    Sunifiram (Standard)
    		Agonist
    Sunifiram (Standard) is the analytical standard of Sunifiram. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Sunifiram (DM-235) is an ampakine-like compound and an agonist of AMPA receptor with oral activity. Sunifiram can increase the release of acetylcholine in the rat cerebral cortex and exhibits potent cognitive enhancement effects with better nootropic activity compared to piracetam (HY-B0585). Sunifiram is promising for research in neurodegenerative diseases such as mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD).
    Sunifiram (Standard)
  • HY-107706R
    Co 101244 hydrochloride (Standard)
    		Antagonist
    Co 101244 hydrochloride (Standard) is the analytical standard of Co 101244 (hydrochloride) (HY-107706). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Co 101244 (PD 174494) hydrochloride is a NR2B-containing NMDA receptor antagonist.
    Co 101244 hydrochloride (Standard)
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
iGluR Isoform Comparison

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