Congenital fiber type disproportion
Definition:
Congenital fiber type disproportion (CFTD) is a relatively rare subtype of congenital myopathy characterized by hypotonia and generalized muscle weakness. Pathologic diagnosis of CFTD is based on the presence of type 1 fiber hypotrophy of at least 12% in the absence of other notable pathological findings, in addition to a clinical presentation typical of congenital myopathies. CFTD is a genetically heterogenous condition with X-linked, autosomal dominant, and autosomal recessive inheritance patterns. Mutations of the ACTA1 and SEPN1 genes have been identified in a small percentage of CFTD cases, and recently mutations in the TPM3 gene were also found to cause CFTD.
References:
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[1]. Michael W Lawlor, et al. Mutations of tropomyosin 3 (TPM3) are common and associated with type 1 myofiber hypotrophy in congenital fiber type disproportion. Hum Mutat. 2010 Feb;31(2):176-83. [Content Brief]
[2]. Nigel F Clarke, et al. Mutations in TPM3 are a common cause of congenital fiber type disproportion. Ann Neurol. 2008 Mar;63(3):329-37. [Content Brief]
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