Irritable bowel syndrome

Definition:

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common functional gastrointestinal disorder. It is characterized by symptoms of abdominal pain, bloating, and abnormal bowel movements, such as diarrhea or constipation. In IBS, there appears to be no organic substance or biochemical abnormality that can explain the symptoms. IBS can be classified into categories: constipation predominant IBS (IBS-C), diarrhea predominant IBS (IBS-D), mixed IBS (IBS-M), and un-subtyped IBS. Anticholinergic drugs, 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, high molecular weight polymers (polycarbophil calcium), gastrointestinal motility regulators, probiotics preparations, and laxatives are used in the treatment of IBS. However, they are not uniformly effective. Several studies of patients with IBS suggest that this disorder aggregates in families, and thus, appears potentially heritable. It has been reported that familial GUCY2C diarrhoea syndrome shares clinical characteristics with IBS-D.

References:

[1]. Hilde Løland von Volkmann, et al. An activating gucy2c mutation causes impaired contractility and fluid stagnation in the small bowel. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2016 Nov;51(11):1308-15. [Content Brief]

[2]. S Kobayashi, et al. Effects of YM905, a novel muscarinic M3-receptor antagonist, on experimental models of bowel dysfunction in vivo. Jpn J Pharmacol. 2001 Jul;86(3):281-8. [Content Brief]

[3]. Shawn L Shah, et al. Dietary Interventions and Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Review of the Evidence. Curr Gastroenterol Rep. 2016 Aug;18(8):41. [Content Brief]

[4]. Yasushi Fukushima, et al. Efficacy of Solifenacin on Irritable Bowel Syndrome With Diarrhea: Open-label Prospective Pilot Trial. J Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2012 Jul;18(3):317-23. [Content Brief]

[5]. Yuri A Saito, et al. The role of genetics in IBS. Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 2011 Mar;40(1):45-67. [Content Brief]

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